Types of solution

Types of solution

1. saturated

   • can be defined as a solution in which a solvent is not capable of dissolving any more solute at a given temperature.

2. unsaturated

   • is a solution in which a solvent is capable of dissolving any more solute at a given temperature.

3. supersaturated

   • can be defined as a solution in which a solvent is not capable of dissolving any more solute at a given temperature.

4. The solutions are of two forms, depending on whether the solvent is water or not.

   • Aqueous
     • When a solute is dissolved in water the solution is called an aqueous solution. Eg, salt in water, sugar in water and copper sulfate in water.
   • Non Aqueous
     • When a solute is dissolved in a solvent other than water, it is called a non-aqueous solution. Eg, iodine in carbon tetrachloride, sulphur in carbon disulfide, phosphorus in ethyl alcohol.

5. Solutions are spoken of as having two components, the solvent and the solute. Another classification of the solution depends on the amount of solute added to the solvent.

   • A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent.
   • A concentrated solution contains a large amount of solute dissolved in a small amount of solvent.

6. homogenous

   • Homogeneous solutions are solutions with uniform composition and properties throughout the solution. For example a cup of coffee, perfume, cough syrup, a solution of salt or sugar in water, etc.

7. heterogenous

   • Heterogeneous solutions are solutions with non-uniform composition and properties throughout the solution. A solution of oil and water, water and chalk powder and solution of water and sand, etc

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