Language Fundamentals

Language Fundamentals

1. ASCII: traditional character set

   • Unicode: more characters but more storage required

2. Separators: includes (), {}, [], <>, ;, :, ,, .

3. Variables: Data placeholders with defined type

   • Constants: values never change
     • Initialized with keyword "Final"
   • Literals: variables with values assigned to them
     • Primitive types: data types includes byte, shot, int, long, float, double, char, boolean
       • Most values stored in bits
       • Integer literals
         • Can be in base 10 (decimal), base 2 (binary), base 8 (octal), or base 16 (hexadecimal)
         • byte, short, int, or long
           • Each type varies based on length and storage needed
       • Floating-point literals
         • Include decimals, fractions, or exponents
         • float or double
       • Boolean literals
         • true or false
       • Character literals
         • Unicode or escape sequence
     • String literals
     • Null: absence of a value