Upper Appendage

Upper Appendage

1. Neck

   • Hypaxial
     • Prevertebral
       • Longus Capitis
       • Longus Colli
     • Ventral
       • Scalenes
     • Lateral
       • Infrahyoid Muscles
   • Pharyngeal (CN X)
     • aids in swallowing propel food and water to esophagus
   • Laryngeal (CN X)
     • Moves vocal cords Breathing and phonation
   • Movement
     • Flexion
       • Sternocleidomastoid & anterior scalene
     • Extension

2. Humerus

   • Joints
     • Muscles: Superficial attach to shaft of humerus Deep: Latissimus dorsi and teres major attach to shaft Rotator cuff muscles attach more proximally to head
     • Glenohumeral
       • Abduction
         • Middle Deltoid
           • Originates at acromion
         • Supraspinatus
           • Rotator cuff muscle (supraspinatus infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) Originates at coordinating fossa (supraspinous, infraspinous, or subscapular) Inserts at greater tubercle
       • Adduction
         • Coracobrachialis
           • Originates at coracoid process
         • Pectoralis Major
           • Originates at clavicle/sternum and costal cartilage
         • Latissimus Dorsi
           • Originates at vertebrae Inserts at intertubercular groove 
       • Extension
         • Latissimus Dorsi
           • Originates at vertebrae Inserts at intertubercular groove  DONT need to ID on the scapula model
         • Teres Major
           • Originates at inferior angle of scapula Inserts at intertubercular groove of scapula
         • Posterior Deltoid
           • Originates at spine of scapula
       • Flexion
         • Anterior Deltoid
           • Originates at clavicle
         • Pectoralis Major
           • Originates at clavicle/sternum and costal cartilage
       • Internal (medial) Rotation
         • Subscapularis
           • Rotator cuff muscle (supraspinatus infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) Originates at coordinating fossa (supraspinous, infraspinous, or subscapular) Inserts at lesser tubercle
         • Teres Major
           • Originates at inferior angle of scapula Inserts at intertubercular groove of scapula
         • Latissimus Dorsi
           • Originates at vertebrae Inserts at intertubercular groove 
       • External (Lateral) Rotation
         • Infraspinatus
           • Rotator cuff muscle (supraspinatus infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) Originates at coordinating fossa (supraspinous, infraspinous, or subscapular) Inserts at greater tubercle
         • Teres Minor
           • Rotator cuff muscle (supraspinatus infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) Originates deep to the infraspinous fossa/infraspinatus (supraspinous, infraspinous, or subscapular) Inserts at greater tubercle
     • Humeroulnar
       • Extension
         • Triceps
           • Originates at posterior humerus Inserts at olecranon process Lateral head: Connects to humerus Medial head: Connects to humerus Long head: Extends to scapula
         • Aconeus
           • Assists triceps
       • Flexion
         • Brachialis
           • Deep to biceps brachii Originates at anterior humerus Inserts at ulnar tuberosity
         • Biceps Brachii
           • Superficial to brachialis Originates at superlenoid tubercle and coracoid process inserts at radial tuberosity
     • Humeroradial
       • Extension
       • Flexion
         • Brachioradialis
           • Flexion of elbow Originates at lateral epicondyleLocated in antebrachium
       • Pronation
       • Supination
         • Supinator
           • Supinaton of forearm In opposition to pronator teres
   • Landmarks
     • Head
     • Anatomical Neck
     • Surgical Neck
     • Greater Tubercle
     • Lesser Tubercle
     • Intertubercular Groove
     • Medial Epicondyle
     • Lateral Epicondyle
     • Trochlea
     • Olecranon Fossa
     • Capitulum

3. Facial

   • Know: Name and action of muscle Cranial nerve that inenrvates muscle Location/identify on models and illustrations
   • Facial Expression (CN VII)
     • Frontalis
       • raises eyebrows
     • Occipitalis
       • tenses scalp
     • Orbicularis Oculi
       • closes eyelid
     • Orbicularis Oris
       • purses lips
     • Platysma
       • lowers jaw, thin layer
     • Depressor Anguli Oris
       • lower corners of lips
     • Zygomaticus Major
       • raise corners of lips
     • Buccinator
       • compresses cheeks
   • Mastication (CN V)
     • Masseter
       • elevate mandible
     • Temporalis
       • elevate mandible
     • Lateral pterygoid
       • Protrude jaw
     • Medial Pterygoid
       • elevate jaw' moves jaw side to side (medially)
   • Extraocular (CN III, IV, VI)
     • Medial Rectus
       • Inward movement Rectus (movement in the direction of its name
     • Lateral Rectus
       • Outward movement
     • Superior Rectus
       • Upward movement
     • Inferior Rectus
       • Downward movement
     • Superior Oblique
       • Downward and outward movement
     • Inferior Oblique
       • Upward annd outward movement
   • Suprahyoid (CN V, VII)
     • Insert on superior surface of hyoid bone Moves hyoid Controls floor of oral cavity
   • Tongue (CN XII)
     • Instrinsic: Control shape of tongue, contained entirely within tongue Extrinsic: Control position of tongue in mouth, contain one point of attachment outside the tongue

4. Scapula

   • Landmarks
     • Acromion
     • Coracoid Process
     • Fossae
       • Supraspinous
       • Infraspinous
       • Subscapular
     • Spine
     • Glenoid Cavity
   • Joints
     • Sternoclavicular Joint
       • Bones: Sternum (Manubrium) & Clavicle (sternal end) Type: Saddle (2 planes of motion, moderate freedom of movement) Movements: Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction
       • Elevation
         • Levator Scapulae
         • Trapezius
       • Depression
         • Pectoralis Minor
         • Trapezius
       • Protraction
         • Serratus Anterior
       • Retraction
         • Trapezius
         • Rhomboids (Major & Minor)
     • Acromioclavicular
       • Bones: Clavicle & scapula (acromion) Type: Fixed (Plane), only sliding/gliding movements and opposed surfaces are flat  Motion: Rotation to life arm over head

5. Antebrachium

   • Joints
     • Proximal Radioulnar
       • Pronation
         • Pronator Teres
           • Originates at medial epicondyle Inserts at radial shaft
         • Pronator Quadratus
           • Deep to pronator teres
       • Supination
     • Distal Radioulnar
       • Type: Fixed
   • Bones
     • Radius
       • Interosseous Membrane
       • Styloid Process
       • Head
     • Ulna
       • Radial Notch
       • Styloid Process
       • Coronoid Process
       • Olecranon Process

6. Carpals

   • Joints
     • Carpal
       • Type: Plane
     • Radiocarpal
       • Wrist joint Type: Condyloid
       • Abduction
       • Adduction
       • Extension
         • Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
         • Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
         • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
       • Flexion
         • Flexor Carpi Radialis
           • Anterior component Originates at medial epicondyle Inserts at radial carpals
         • Palmaris Longus
           • Originates at medial epiconyle Inserts at palmar aponeurosis Aids in flexion and tensing of palmar aponeurosis, a thick sheet of connective tissue at the base of the palm (gripping an object)
         • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
           • Originates at medial epicondyle Inserts at ulnar carpals
     • Interphalangeal
       • Type: Condyloid
       • Extension
       • Flexion
     • Metacarpophalangeal
       • Type: Hinge
       • Extension
         • Extensor Digitorum
           • Extension of digits 2-5
         • Extensor Digiti Minimi
           • Extension of pinky (digit V)
         • Extensor Indicis
           • Extension of digit II (index)
         • Extensor Pollicis Longus
           • Extension of digit I
         • Extensor Pollicis Brevis
           • Extension of digit I
       • Flexion
         • Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
           • Originates at medial epicondyle Inserts at phalanges Anterior component
         • Flexor Digitorum Profundus
           • Flexion of digits 2-5
         • Flexor Digitorum Profundus
           • Flexion of digit 1
       • Abduction
         • Abductor Pollicis Longus
       • Adduction
   • Bones
     • Proximal: Scaphoi
     • Proximal Carpals
       • Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform Some Lovers Try Positions
     • Lateral Carpals
       • Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate  That They Can't Handle
     • Metacarpals
       • Bones of the palm Numbered I-V starting from thumb
     • Phalanges
       • 14 Finger bones Each thumb has 2, other fingers have 3 each **Phalanx names include number and proximal'intermediate/distal

Imágenes y archivos del mapa