Data exchange methods/systems

Data exchange methods/systems

1. Methods of excahnging Data

   • XML
     • XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting data.
     • Positives
       • It is a markup language and uses tag structure to represent data items.
       • It supports namespaces.
     • Negative
       • It doesn’t support array.
       • Its documents are comparatively difficult to read and interpret.
   • SOAP
     • SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a message protocol that enables the distributed elements of an application to communicate.
   • JSON
     • Raw JSON
     • JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. JSON is a lightweight format for storing and transporting data
     • Positive
       • JSON is a lightweight format for storing and transporting data
       • JSON doesn't use end tag
       • JSON is shorter
       • JSON is quicker to read and write
       • JSON can use arrays.
       • • Its files are very easy to read as compared to XML.
     • Transformed JSON
     • Negative
       • • It doesn’t use end tag
       • It is less secured.
       • It doesn’t supports comments
   • GraphQL
     • GraphQL is an open-source data query and manipulation language for APIs and a query runtime engine. GraphQL enables declarative data fetching where a client can specify exactly what data it needs from an API
   • REST Principles
     • REST, short for Representational State Transfer is a software architecture style for building flexible and scalable web services (Awati, 2024).
     • Social media platform
     • IoT platform
     • E-commerce platform
     • File storage service
   • Messaging
   • Network Protocols
     • A network protocol is a set of established rules that specify how to format, send and receive data so that computer network endpoints, including computers, servers, routers and virtual machines, can communicate despite differences in their underlying infrastructures, designs or standards (Yasar, 2023).
     • HTTPS
     • FTP – File transfer Protocol
     • SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
     • DNS – Domain Name System
     • IP Address
     • VPN – Virtual Private Network

2. Data interface

   • SQL
     • SQL is a programming language for storing and processing information in a relational database.
   • Python
     • Variable
       • Global
         • Variables that are created outside of a function (as in all of the examples above) are known as global variables.
           • x = "awesome" def myfunc(): print("Python is " + x) myfunc()
       • Local
         • A variable created inside a function belongs to the local scope of that function, and can only be used inside that function.
           • def myfunc(): x = 300 print(x) myfunc()
     • Loops
       • For loop
         • A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence that is either a list, a tuple, a dictionary, a set, or a string
           • fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] for x in fruits: print(x)
       • While loop
         • The while loop can be used to execute a set of statements as long as a condition is true.
           • i = 1 while i < 6: print(i) i += 1
   • HTML
     • HTML is a standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, colour, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.
       • <!DOCTYPE html>
         • declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
       • <p>
         • element defines a paragraph
       • <title>
         • element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
       • Tables
         • HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns.
         • <tr>
           • Defines a row in a table
             • <tr> <td>January</td> <td>$100</td> </tr>
         • <th>
           • Defines a header cell in a table
             • <table> <tr> <th>Month</th> <th>Savings</th> </tr>
       • Lists
         • <li>
           • HTML lists allow web developers to group a set of related items in lists.
         • <ol>
           • Ordered List
             • <ol> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Milk</li> </ol>
         • <ul>
           • Unordered List
             • <ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Tea</li> </ul>
       • Images
         • <img>
           • The HTML <img> tag is used to embed an image in a web page.
             • <img src="pic_trulli.jpg">
     • <body>
       • element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
     • <h1>
       • defines a large heading
   • CSS
     • CSS is a style sheet language used for specifying the presentation and styling of a document written in a markup language such as HTML or XML.

3. Data specifications

   • Different data in JSON
     • Data types
       • null
       • object
       • number.integer
       • Float
       • array
       • Boolean
     • constraints/validation
       • data length
         • limited by 16776192 Bytes
       • errors in format/syntax do not affect file
       • "status" 200
         • Successful API retrieval
   • Different data in XML
     • Data types
       • Boolean
       • String
       • Token
       • float
     • integer/number
     • constraints/validation
       • no file limit
       • errors in syntax will break XML file