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PSY 101-Chapter 8

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1The three steps in memory information processing are...
1. Asensing, transducing, perceiving
2. Bseeing, hearing, storage
3. Cacquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery
4. Dencoding, storage, retrieval
2Visual sensory memory is referred to as...
1. Aiconic memory
2. Bechoic memory
3. Cmnemonic memory
4. Dsemantic memory
3Lewis cannot remember the details of the torture he experienced as a prisoner of war. According to Freud, Lewis’ failure to remember these painful memories is an example of...
1. Arepression
2. Blong-term potentiation
3. Cnegative reinforcement
4. Dflashbulb memory
4Studies by Loftus and Palmer, in which people were quizzed about a film of an accident, indicate that...
1. Awhen quizzed immediately, people can recall very little, due to the stress of witnessing an accident
2. Bwhen questioned as little as one day later, their memory was very inaccurate
3. Cmost people had very accurate memories as much as 6 months later
4. Dpeople’s recall may easily be affected by misleading information
5One way to increase the amount of information in memory is to group it into larger, familiar units. This process is referred to as...
1. Athe principle of conservation
2. Bproactive organization
3. Cchunking
4. Dencoding
6Kandel and Schwartz have found that when learning occurs, more of the neurotransmitter [blank_start]serotonin[blank_end] is released into synapses.
1. Aserotonin
2. Bcortisol
3. Cdopamine
4. Dglucose
7Research on memory construction reveals that memories...
1. Aare stored as exact copies of experience
2. Breflect a person’s biases and assumptions
3. Cmay be chemically transferred from one organism to another
4. Deven if long term, usually decay within about five years
8In a study on context cues, people learned words while on land or when they were underwater. In a later test of recall, those with the best retention had...
1. Alearned the words on land, that is, in the more familiar context
2. Blearned the words underwater, that is, in the more exotic context
3. Clearned the words and been tested on them in different contexts
4. Dlearned the words and been tested on them in the same context
9The spacing effect means that...
1. Adistributed study yields better retention than cramming
2. Bretention is improved when encoding and retrieval are separated by no more than 1 hour
3. Clearning causes a reduction in the size of the synaptic gap between certain neurons
4. Ddelaying retrieval until memory has consolidated improves recall
10Studies demonstrate that learning causes permanent neural changes in the [blank_start]synapses[blank_end] of animals’ neurons.
1. Asynapses
2. Bmyelin
3. Ccell bodies
4. Dall of these

11The basal ganglia of the brain plays a critical role in the formation of...
1. Aiconic memory
2. Bechoic memory
3. Cimplicit memory
4. Dexplicit memory
12Memory for skills (e.g., skills learned during infancy) is called...
1. Aexplicit memory
2. Bdeclarative memory
3. Cprime memory
4. Dimplicit memory
13Which of the following describes the typical forgetting curve?
1. Aa steady, slow decline in retention over time
2. Ba steady, rapid decline in retention over time
3. Ca rapid initial decline in retention becoming stable thereafter
4. Da slow initial decline in retention becoming rapid thereafter
14Which of the following measures of retention is the least sensitive in triggering retrieval?
1. Arecall
2. Brecognition
3. Crelearning
4. Dthey are equally sensitive
15At your high school reunion you cannot remember the last name of your homeroom teacher. Your failure to remember is most likely the result of...
1. Aencoding failure
2. Bstorage failure
3. Cretrieval failure
4. Dstate-dependent memory
16According to the serial position effect, when recalling a list of words you should have the greatest difficulty with those...
1. Aat the beginning of the list
2. Bat the end of the list
3. Cat the end and in the middle of the list
4. Din the middle of the list
17Experimenters gave people a list of words to be recalled. When the participants were tested after a delay, the items that were best recalled were those...
1. Aat the beginning of the list
2. Bin the middle of the list
3. Cat the end of the list
4. Dat the beginning and end of the list
18Which type of word/verbal processing results in the greatest retention?
1. Ashallow
2. Bdeep
3. Cvisual
4. Dauditory
19From the list below, which area of the brain is most relevant in the processing of implicit memories?
1. Ahippocampus
2. Bcerebellum
3. Chypothalamus
4. Damygdala
20Repression is theorized to be an example of...
1. Aencoding failure
2. Bmemory decay
3. Cmotivated forgetting
4. Dall of the above
21Long-term potentiation (LTP) refers to...
1. Athe disruptive influence of old memories on the formations of new memories
2. Bthe disruptive influence of recent memories on the retrieval of old memories
3. Cour tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with our current mood
4. Dthe increased efficiency of synaptic transmission between certain neurons following learning
22Which of the following is the best example of a flashbulb memory?
1. Asuddenly remembering to buy bread while standing in the checkout line at the grocery store
2. Brecalling the name of someone from high school while looking at his or her yearbook snapshot
3. Cremembering where you were and what you were doing on September 11, 2001, when terrorists crashed planes into the World Trade Center towers.
4. Dremembering to make an important phone call
23Walking through the halls of his high school 10 years after graduation, Tom experienced a flood of old memories. Tom’s experience showed the role of...
1. Aiconic memory
2. Bcontext effects
3. Cretroactive interference
4. Dechoic memory
24Amnesia patients typically experience disruption of...
1. Aimplicit memories
2. Bexplicit memories
3. Ciconic memories
4. Dechoic memories
25Brad, who suffered damage to the left side of his hippocampus, has trouble remembering...
1. Avisual designs
2. Blocations
3. Call nonverbal information
4. Dverbal information
26After finding her old combination lock, Janice can’t remember its combination because she keeps confusing it with the combination of her new lock. She is experiencing...
1. Aproactive interference
2. Bretroactive interference
3. Cencoding failure
4. Dstorage failure
27Being in a bad mood after a hard day of work, Susan could think of nothing positive in her life. This is best explained as an example of...
1. Arepression
2. Bthe spacing effect
3. Cmood-congruent memory
4. Dshallow processing

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Descripción: PSY101
Autor: Usuario eliminado
Idioma: English
Visitas: 33
Historial: Creado el 6 nov 2017 · actualizado el 6 nov 2017
Etiquetas: el usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas

PSY 101-Chapter 8

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