Andy Putman
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Module 5: Global Stratification - Economy, Political Structure, Urbanization and Migration

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Andy Putman
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Intro to SOC - Module 5 - Quiz

Pregunta 1 de 40

1

How did Max Weber define power?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The authority to imprison citizens without cause.

  • The legal resources to prosecute and punish.

  • Politically elected influence used to control the masses.

  • The ability to exercise one's will over others.

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 40

1

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan thoughts come from?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Feminist

  • Conflict theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 40

1

What is the term for power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Traditional

  • Charismatic

  • Rational-Legal

  • Political-Legal

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 40

1

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Feminist

  • Conflict theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 40

1

Which sociologist studies the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • G. William Domhoff

  • C. Wright Mills

  • Karl Marx

  • Émile Durkheim

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 40

1

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Oligarchy

  • Dictatorship

  • Constitutional monarchy

  • Totalitarian dictatorship

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 40

1

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Feminist

  • Exchange theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 40

1

What is the definition of representative democracy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth.

  • A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution,

  • A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group.

  • A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 40

1

Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic background?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

  • Member of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers.

  • Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.

  • Many citizens from lower socioeconomic backgrounds cannot afford to vote.

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 40

1

Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • G. William Domhoff

  • C. Wright Mills

  • Karl Marx

  • Émile Durkheim

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 40

1

Which of the following best defines the term commodity?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.

  • An activity that benefits people, such as health care, education, and entertainment.

  • An economic system which adheres to the principles of socialism.

  • A benefit given to those who participate in the capitalist market.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 40

1

During what time period did economies begin to develop globally?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The Industrial Revolution

  • The Post-Industrial Revolution

  • The Agricultural Revolution

  • The Information Age

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 40

1

Which of the following is an example of polarization?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.

  • A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree.

  • Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education.

  • The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees.

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 40

1

Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would align with Jin's sociological perspective?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.

  • Occupy Wall Street is a waste of time; our capitalistic economy is keeping our nation healthy, and is designed for maximum efficiency.

  • Occupy Wall Street is a threat; with so many angry people gathered in one place, horrible violence will surely break out.

  • Occupy wall Street is dangerous; large crowds in these environments heighten the risk for sexual abuse and gender discrimination.

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 40

1

The term xenophobia can best be defined as:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

  • A marketing campaign aimed at foreign countries selling American goods.

  • A pronounced fear of globalization destroying one's job.

  • A hatred of corporate America and the lobbying push.

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 40

1

Which of the following best defines the term globalization?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States.

  • When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions.

  • Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide.

  • The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 40

1

Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Decisive export

  • Global assembly line

  • Global commodity chain

  • Xenophobia

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 40

1

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Outsourcing

  • Polarization

  • Automation

  • The technology gap

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 40

1

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender.

  • After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

  • Following the recession, Ellen lost her full-time job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate.

  • When John's sales job is outsources he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 40

1

Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kind of economy id Alex living in?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Market Communist

  • Market Socialist

  • Capitalist

  • Democratic

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 40

1

A sociologist is studying how the population of certain countries influences and affects the population and environment of other neighboring countries. This sociologist is most likely a:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Structural functionalist

  • Conflict theorist

  • Symbolic interactionist

  • Feminist

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 40

1

Paris has been studying the demography of the United Kingdom. The U.K is very similar to the Untied States or Sweden in that it is industrialized, has relatively long life expectancy, and infant mortality is low. Which stage in the Demographic Transition Theory would the U.K. fall into?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Stage 1

  • Stage 2

  • Stage 3

  • Stage 4

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 40

1

IN 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ________ people for the first time since the end of World War II.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • 45 million

  • 50 million

  • 90 million

  • 100 million

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 40

1

Which is an aspect of city life that might catch a human ecologist's attention?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The NIMBY movement to prevent a giant chain from opening near a high rise apartment building.

  • The decision to make sidewalks narrower so that a city road can provide on-street parking.

  • The number of nannies that can be found in Central Park on a given day.

  • The number of male nannies that take care of children in New York City.

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 40

1

If we consider the concentric zone model, which is a conflict theorist's critique?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The model fails to show the gentrification of neighborhoods as certain classes starts to take over cities.

  • The model fails to take into account all the parks and playgrounds in the city.

  • The model does not show any careful city planning that usually takes place when a city is born.

  • The model fails to explore areas of overlap where a business might be located in a suburb or people might live about their businesses in the city.

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 40

1

What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Core

  • Peripheral

  • Postindustrial

  • Semi-peripheral

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 40

1

Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megapolis?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports.

  • A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.

  • A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system.

  • A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 40

1

What have sociologists begun to realize about the nomadic lifestyle?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Nomads have a hard time bridging the gap between their traditional lifestyle and doing what is best for the land.

  • Nomads never tire the land they live on because they are constantly moving form place to place.

  • Nomads are better than stationary farmers at protecting the land and keeping the soil good for other people's use.

  • Nomads only raise sheep and goats, not cows or oxen, so the grass their herds consume is minimal at most.

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 40

1

Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.

  • E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine these is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.

  • E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer values creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old ones

  • E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air.

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 40

1

Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • white fight

  • gentrification

  • environmental racism

  • urbanization

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 40

1

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Upper Class

  • Middle Class

  • Lower Class

  • The amount of people in each has been about the same for the past 10 years.

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 40

1

How is global stratification different from social stratification?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Global stratification only examines environmental inequalities amount nations while social stratification examines inequalities among people.

  • Global stratification can only measure the inequalities amount purely democratic states, while social stratification can be expanded to apply to people in any country in the world.

  • Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice an inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

  • Countries cannot move up and down the global stratification ladder, unlike people who can use social mobility to climb or fall the social stratification ladder.

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 40

1

In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Structural functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

  • Conflict theory

  • Feminist theory

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 40

1

Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Southern America

  • Northern Africa

  • Western Asia

  • Northern Asia

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 40

1

Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • super powers, allies of super powers, enemies or super powers

  • primary nation, secondary nation, tertiary nation

  • first world, second world, third world

  • core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 40

1

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Gross National Income per Capita

  • Gross Domestic Product

  • Purchasing Power Parity

  • Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 40

1

Which trend has the World bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty.

  • More men live in poverty than women.

  • More women live in poverty than men.

  • Children can avail living in poverty if they live with their fathers.

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 40

1

Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _______.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Underground economy.

  • Under-reported economy.

  • Under-earning economy.

  • Under-paid economy.

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 40

1

Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies form using such labor?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • We can ignore the problem because it will eventually go away.

  • We can trust that the CEOs and the members of the board of the companies will do the right thing.

  • We can justify such practices because they are legal in other countries.

  • We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 40

1

An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Factories employing adults at salary level

  • Factories using child labor

  • Children attending school

  • Children playing with friends

Explicación

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