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Intro to SOC - Module 5 - Quiz

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Module 5: Global Stratification - Economy, Political Structure, Urbanization and Migration
Andy Putman
Quiz by Andy Putman, updated more than 1 year ago
Andy Putman
Created by Andy Putman about 6 years ago
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Question 1

Question
How did Max Weber define power?
Answer
  • The authority to imprison citizens without cause.
  • The legal resources to prosecute and punish.
  • Politically elected influence used to control the masses.
  • The ability to exercise one's will over others.

Question 2

Question
Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan thoughts come from?
Answer
  • Feminist
  • Conflict theory
  • Functionalism
  • Symbolic interactionism

Question 3

Question
What is the term for power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities?
Answer
  • Traditional
  • Charismatic
  • Rational-Legal
  • Political-Legal

Question 4

Question
Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?
Answer
  • Feminist
  • Conflict theory
  • Functionalism
  • Symbolic interactionism

Question 5

Question
Which sociologist studies the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America?
Answer
  • G. William Domhoff
  • C. Wright Mills
  • Karl Marx
  • Émile Durkheim

Question 6

Question
Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government
Answer
  • Oligarchy
  • Dictatorship
  • Constitutional monarchy
  • Totalitarian dictatorship

Question 7

Question
In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement?
Answer
  • Feminist
  • Exchange theory
  • Functionalism
  • Symbolic interactionism

Question 8

Question
What is the definition of representative democracy?
Answer
  • A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth.
  • A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution,
  • A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group.
  • A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Question 9

Question
Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic background?
Answer
  • Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
  • Member of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers.
  • Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.
  • Many citizens from lower socioeconomic backgrounds cannot afford to vote.

Question 10

Question
Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged?
Answer
  • G. William Domhoff
  • C. Wright Mills
  • Karl Marx
  • Émile Durkheim

Question 11

Question
Which of the following best defines the term commodity?
Answer
  • A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.
  • An activity that benefits people, such as health care, education, and entertainment.
  • An economic system which adheres to the principles of socialism.
  • A benefit given to those who participate in the capitalist market.

Question 12

Question
During what time period did economies begin to develop globally?
Answer
  • The Industrial Revolution
  • The Post-Industrial Revolution
  • The Agricultural Revolution
  • The Information Age

Question 13

Question
Which of the following is an example of polarization?
Answer
  • The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.
  • A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree.
  • Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education.
  • The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees.

Question 14

Question
Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would align with Jin's sociological perspective?
Answer
  • Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.
  • Occupy Wall Street is a waste of time; our capitalistic economy is keeping our nation healthy, and is designed for maximum efficiency.
  • Occupy Wall Street is a threat; with so many angry people gathered in one place, horrible violence will surely break out.
  • Occupy wall Street is dangerous; large crowds in these environments heighten the risk for sexual abuse and gender discrimination.

Question 15

Question
The term xenophobia can best be defined as:
Answer
  • An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.
  • A marketing campaign aimed at foreign countries selling American goods.
  • A pronounced fear of globalization destroying one's job.
  • A hatred of corporate America and the lobbying push.

Question 16

Question
Which of the following best defines the term globalization?
Answer
  • The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States.
  • When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions.
  • Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide.
  • The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

Question 17

Question
Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a:
Answer
  • Decisive export
  • Global assembly line
  • Global commodity chain
  • Xenophobia

Question 18

Question
Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of:
Answer
  • Outsourcing
  • Polarization
  • Automation
  • The technology gap

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is not an example of underemployment?
Answer
  • After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender.
  • After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.
  • Following the recession, Ellen lost her full-time job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate.
  • When John's sales job is outsources he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

Question 20

Question
Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kind of economy id Alex living in?
Answer
  • Market Communist
  • Market Socialist
  • Capitalist
  • Democratic

Question 21

Question
A sociologist is studying how the population of certain countries influences and affects the population and environment of other neighboring countries. This sociologist is most likely a:
Answer
  • Structural functionalist
  • Conflict theorist
  • Symbolic interactionist
  • Feminist

Question 22

Question
Paris has been studying the demography of the United Kingdom. The U.K is very similar to the Untied States or Sweden in that it is industrialized, has relatively long life expectancy, and infant mortality is low. Which stage in the Demographic Transition Theory would the U.K. fall into?
Answer
  • Stage 1
  • Stage 2
  • Stage 3
  • Stage 4

Question 23

Question
IN 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ________ people for the first time since the end of World War II.
Answer
  • 45 million
  • 50 million
  • 90 million
  • 100 million

Question 24

Question
Which is an aspect of city life that might catch a human ecologist's attention?
Answer
  • The NIMBY movement to prevent a giant chain from opening near a high rise apartment building.
  • The decision to make sidewalks narrower so that a city road can provide on-street parking.
  • The number of nannies that can be found in Central Park on a given day.
  • The number of male nannies that take care of children in New York City.

Question 25

Question
If we consider the concentric zone model, which is a conflict theorist's critique?
Answer
  • The model fails to show the gentrification of neighborhoods as certain classes starts to take over cities.
  • The model fails to take into account all the parks and playgrounds in the city.
  • The model does not show any careful city planning that usually takes place when a city is born.
  • The model fails to explore areas of overlap where a business might be located in a suburb or people might live about their businesses in the city.

Question 26

Question
What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?
Answer
  • Core
  • Peripheral
  • Postindustrial
  • Semi-peripheral

Question 27

Question
Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megapolis?
Answer
  • A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports.
  • A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.
  • A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system.
  • A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.

Question 28

Question
What have sociologists begun to realize about the nomadic lifestyle?
Answer
  • Nomads have a hard time bridging the gap between their traditional lifestyle and doing what is best for the land.
  • Nomads never tire the land they live on because they are constantly moving form place to place.
  • Nomads are better than stationary farmers at protecting the land and keeping the soil good for other people's use.
  • Nomads only raise sheep and goats, not cows or oxen, so the grass their herds consume is minimal at most.

Question 29

Question
Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?
Answer
  • E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.
  • E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine these is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.
  • E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer values creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old ones
  • E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air.

Question 30

Question
Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?
Answer
  • white fight
  • gentrification
  • environmental racism
  • urbanization

Question 31

Question
Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?
Answer
  • Upper Class
  • Middle Class
  • Lower Class
  • The amount of people in each has been about the same for the past 10 years.

Question 32

Question
How is global stratification different from social stratification?
Answer
  • Global stratification only examines environmental inequalities amount nations while social stratification examines inequalities among people.
  • Global stratification can only measure the inequalities amount purely democratic states, while social stratification can be expanded to apply to people in any country in the world.
  • Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice an inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.
  • Countries cannot move up and down the global stratification ladder, unlike people who can use social mobility to climb or fall the social stratification ladder.

Question 33

Question
In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm?
Answer
  • Structural functionalism
  • Symbolic interactionism
  • Conflict theory
  • Feminist theory

Question 34

Question
Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in:
Answer
  • Southern America
  • Northern Africa
  • Western Asia
  • Northern Asia

Question 35

Question
Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?
Answer
  • super powers, allies of super powers, enemies or super powers
  • primary nation, secondary nation, tertiary nation
  • first world, second world, third world
  • core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Question 36

Question
Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?
Answer
  • Gross National Income per Capita
  • Gross Domestic Product
  • Purchasing Power Parity
  • Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data

Question 37

Question
Which trend has the World bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?
Answer
  • Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty.
  • More men live in poverty than women.
  • More women live in poverty than men.
  • Children can avail living in poverty if they live with their fathers.

Question 38

Question
Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _______.
Answer
  • Underground economy.
  • Under-reported economy.
  • Under-earning economy.
  • Under-paid economy.

Question 39

Question
Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies form using such labor?
Answer
  • We can ignore the problem because it will eventually go away.
  • We can trust that the CEOs and the members of the board of the companies will do the right thing.
  • We can justify such practices because they are legal in other countries.
  • We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

Question 40

Question
An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is:
Answer
  • Factories employing adults at salary level
  • Factories using child labor
  • Children attending school
  • Children playing with friends
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