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Hypothalamus and hypophysis
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- 1Hypothalamus and hypophysisLet's start!
- 2As a first step into the topic... Do you know what influences the hypothalamus?Information from many parts of the brain and humoral stimuli from extracellular fluid.
- 3And which are the hypothalamus’ functions?To control the water balance, sleep, temperature, appetite and blood pressure. It also secretes hormones that make its effect in the pituitary gland.
- 4There is another name for the pituitary gland Do you know it?Hypophysis
- 5How are the hypothalamus and the hypophysis connected?By hormones and nervous connections.
- 6Let's talk about the hypophysis; it is controlled by…Hormonal stimuli from the brain and other endocrine glands.
- 7Which are the hypophysis’ functions?To control many different endocrine glands.
- 8The pituitary target organs are: ... glands, thyroid gland, ... , mammary glands, uterus, ... and other tissues.(adrenal; gonads; kidneys)
- 9The pituitary size and morphology seem to be related to…The environmental niche and physiological state.
- 10A hormone can activate different cells in the pituitary, which in turn will release ... hormone/s each.(only one)
- 11The hormones released from the anterior pituitary are long chain polypeptides (... , ... , ...), short chain polypeptides (...) or glycoproteins (... , ... , ...).(STG; GH; PRL; ACTH; TSH; FSH; LH)
- 12Which polypeptides hormones do exert direct action? Short- or long-chain polypeptides? Which are their names?Long-chain polypeptides. Somatotrophic Hormone (STH, aka Growth Hormone, GH) and Lactotrope Hormone (aka Prolactin, PRL).
- 13Which are the short-chain polypeptides released by the hypophysis?Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH), alfa, beta and gamma lipoproteins, and beta-endorphin.
- 14Which are the glycoprotein hormones?Thyrotrophic Hormone (TSH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FS) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
- 15The posterior pituitary, also called ... , releases hormones by mean of ... . Those hormones are ... and ... .(neurohypophysis; neurons; vasopressin (aka Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH); oxytocin)
- 16Hypophysis vascularization is useful to carry minute quantities of ... hormones in a concentrated way to do their actions in the ... gland.(hypothalamic; anterior pituitary)
- 17Hypophysiotropic hormones are in charge of ... the function of the ... .(maintaining; adenohypophysis)
- 18Those hormones are...Dopamine (DA); Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH); Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH); Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH); Somatostatin (SST) and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH)
- 19These hormones are controlled by feedback loops and are mediated by: Ultra Short (...), Short (...), Direct Long-loop (...), Indirect Long-loop (...).(hypothalamic releasing factors; pituitary hormones; peripheral hormones; peripheral hormones)
- 20GH has direct action but the most part of the action is given by ... . ... regulates the expression of GH receptor and production of ... .(GH/IGF-1; Insulin; IGF-1)
- 21The main functions of prolactin are: ... development, startup and maintenance of ... , ... ovulation in females and ... problems in males when high levels, and ... improvement with GH.(breast; lactation; no; infertility; immune)
- 22Plasma levels of prolactin is regulated by ...(dopaminergic system)
- 23Vasopressin has its antidiuretic function due to the ... and ... (increase of permeability), and the vasoconstrictor one by increasing ... .(insertion of water channels; urea transporters; peripheral vascular resistance)
- 24Oxytocin promotes ... and inhibits ... . It is regulated by a ... feedback.(milk ejection and associative behaviour with the crying baby; ovulation; positive)
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- El usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas Fichas sobre Hypothalamus and hypophysis, creado por Usuario eliminado el 07/01/2021.
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- Usuario eliminado · ene 2021
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- Creado por Valentín Ángel Limón · 20 dic 2020
- Copiado por Valentín Ángel Limón · 7 ene 2021
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