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OCR AS Chemistry Flash Cards
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- 1AS OCR Chemistry Notes
- 2Atomic Structure
- 3ATOMIC NUMBER - The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. MASS NUMBER - The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. ISOTOPES - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutronsISOTOPES have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, so have similar chemical properties.
- 4RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASS - The mass of an isotope compared to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon 12. RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS - The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of Carbon 12PARTICLE RELATIVE MASS RELATIVE
CHARGE
proton 1 +1
neutron 1 0
electron 1/2000 -1 - 5ORBITAL - A volume of space that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6FIRST IONISATION ENERGY - The amount of energy required to remove an electron from each atom in 1 mol of gaseous atoms to form 1 mol of + gaseous ions.
O(g) ----> O+(g) + e- - 6MOLES!
- 7—EMPIRICAL FORMULA -
1. mass/mol
2. divide b smallest number
STOICHIOMETRY - the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction.
- 8ACIDS + BASES
- 9ACID - proton donor. BASE - proton acceptor ALKALI - a base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-(aq) ions)SALT - A chemical compound formed from an acid, when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, e.g. NH4+
WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION - H2O molecules that form a part of the crystalline structure of a compound - 10ACIDS HYDROCHLORIC ACID - HCl SULPHURIC ACID - H2SO4 NITRIC ACID - HNO3BASES
SODIUM HYDROXIDE - NaOH
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE - KOH
AMMONIA - NH3:
NH3(aq) + H2O(l) <----> NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) - 11SALTS H2SO4 ----> K2SO4 HCl ----> NaCl HNO3 ----> Ca(NO3)2NEUTRALISATION REACTIONS
ACID + CARBONATE ----> SALT + CO2 + H2O
ACID + BASE ----> SALT + H2O
ACID + ALKALI ----> SALT + WATER
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- Creado por katie.t.424 · 1 abr 2015
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