Foundations in Chemistry

Foundations in Chemistry

1. Atoms and elements

   • Properties of sub-atomic particles
   • Nuclear symbols
   • Define: element, isotopes, ion

2. Electronic structure

   • Define orbital
   • What shape are orbitals?
   • How many electrons can each shell and sub-shell hold?
   • What order are the sub-shells filled in?

3. Equations for chemical calculations

   • 7 equations needed for chemical calculations, state units for all quantities.

4. Masses + formulae

   • Define:
     • Relative Atomic Mass
     • Relative Isotopic Mass
     • Relative Molecular Mass
     • Relative Formula Mass
   • Define:
     • Molecular Formula
     • Empirical Formula
   • Define:
     • Hydrated
     • Anhydrous
     • Water of Crystallisation

5. Common molecules, ions, acids, bases

   • State formulae of:
     • 4 molecules
     • 8 ions
     • 5 acids
     • 3 bases

6. Acids and bases

   • Define:
     • Acid
     • Base
     • Alkali
     • Salt
   • Strong acids vs. weak acids

7. Reactions of acids

   • Equations for 4 reactions of acids
   • Give ionic equation for neutralisaiton

8. Oxidation + reduction: redox

   • State 4 different ways of describing oxidation and reduction.
   • Define:
     • Oxidising agent
     • Reducing agent
   • Roman numerals in formulae?

9. Bonding:

   • Ionic
   • Metallic
   • Covalent
     • Covalent lattices

10. Intermolecular forces

11. Shapes