the earths surface was covered in what during the first billion years of the earths history?

scientists believe that the gases released from these volcanoes created what?

the earths early atmosphere was mostly made up of what?

the earths early atmosphere has been compared to the atmospheres of which two planets?

the volcanic activity also released which gases?

which case since phase 1 has gradually built up to be the main gate in our atmosphere today?

when the earth cooled what in the atmosphere condensed and formed oceans?

why was a lot of carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere?

the dissolved carbon dioxide went through a series of reactions to form carbonate precipitates which formed what?

the first bacteria was called what?

cyanobacteria, algae and green plants evolved and absorbed carbon dioxide so that which process could be carried out?

during phase 2 which type of animals evolved?

compressed plants, plankton and marine animal skeletons formed what?

the trapped co2 in these rocks kept co2 level in the atmosphere what?

during phase 3 cyanobacteria, green plants and algae started to produce what?

organisms used what to convert co2 and water into glucose?

6CO 2 + GH 2 O --> C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2
is the equation for what?

as the oxygen levels built up in the atmosphere over more complex life forms could what?

the earth's atmosphere is roughly what percent nitrogen and what percent oxygen?

evidence - ancient rock formations that contain iron compounds only form when theres hardly any what about?

do these rock formations prove or disprove the theory that the early atmosphere had little oxygen?

the earliest fossils are tiny organisms that could survive without what?

in an exothermic reaction the products are at a _____ energy than the reactants

an exothermic reaction ___ ___ energy and is usually shown by a ___ in temperature

in an endothermic reaction the products are at a _____ energy than the reaction

an endothermic reaction ____ ___ energy and is usually shown by a ___ in temperature?

on a reaction profile what do the y and x axis show?

the activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed for what to break and what to start?

what are the greenhouse gases?

the greenhouse gases act as a what in the earths atmosphere?

when the electromagnetic radiation from the sun passes through the atmosphere it is absorbed by the earth what happens to the earths temperature?

the earth emits ___ _______ radiation which is absorbed by the _______ ___ in the atmosphere and then re-emmited ___ _____ earth

which type of electromagnetic radiation can be found between the earths surface and the greenhouse gases?

describe the process from its effect
fewer trees means less CO2 is removed from the atmosphere via photosynthesis

describe the process from its effect
carbon that was 'locked up' in these fuels is released as CO2

describe the process from its effect
farm animals produce methane through their digestive processes

describe the process from its effect
more landfill sites and more waste from agriculture means more CO2 and methane are released by decomposition of waste

an increase of what gas is linked to climate change?

an increase of CO2 in the atmosphere directly correlates with the increased use of what?

why is it difficult to predict how the climate will change in the future?

why is it difficult to make a accurate and understandable model on climate change?

why is it important to make predictions about the consequences of climate change?

describe the effect
an increase in global temperature

describe the effect
changes in rainfall pattern
(amount, timing and distribution)

describe the effect
more violent weather

what is potable water?

which source of water can be collected from aquifers (rocks that have trapped water underground)?

which source of water can be treated from water thats been contaminated by a human process, e.g. waste water from sewage?

which type of water is found in the sea?

why does water have to be treated before it is drunk?

the first step to treat ground water is often aeration what happens during this process?

what is the second part of treating water?