Test
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Preguntas del test (155)
1A presupposition is a proposition entailed by a sentence and its negation:
- AIn the semantic approach
- BIn the pragmatic approach
- CIn both
2According to Relevance Theory, the expectation in utterance interpretation is:
- Aof relevance
- Bof optimal relevance
- Cof the least processing effort
3All contextual implications of a proposition are equally easy to obtain.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
4Another possible definition of pragmatics is: 'Pragmatics is the science of the unsaid.'
- Atrue
- Bfalse
5Apologies threaten:
- AOne's negative face
- BOne's positive face
6Are there cross-cultural differences in the use of performatives?
- Ayes
- Bno
7Being interactionally optimistic shows:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing bald on record
- Dgoing off record
8Can the same locution have different illocutionary forces in different contexts (for example: What's the time?)
- Ayes
- Bno
9Can we perform a speech act without a performative verb?
- Ayes
- Bno
10Choose the maxim (from Leech's model, 1983) which best categorizes the following utterance: Hang on a second .
- ATact
- BGenerosity
- CApprobation
- DModesty
- EAgreement
11Choose the maxim (from Leech's model, 1983) which best categorizes the following utterance: It is hot in here (intending that the hearer opens the window).
- ATact
- BApprobation
- CGenerosity
- DModesty
- EAgreement
12Choose the maxim (from Leech's model, 1983) which best categorizes the following utterance: English is difficult. -Yes, but it is important for our future.
- ATact
- BAgreement
- CGenerosity
- DApprobation
- EModesty
13Communication is accomplished by the exchange of linguistic expressions.
- ATrue
- BFalse
14Communication is accomplished by:
- ADecodifying linguistic meaning
- BMaking inferences about the intended meaning
- CBoth processes
15Communication is putting ideas into words and sending them to a hearer.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
16Communication with language implies:
- Agenerating grammatically correct sentences
- Bshowing language regularities
- Cmaking inferences about meaning
17Compliments enhance:
- Athe S's positive face
- Bthe S's negative face
- Cthe H's positive face
- Dthe H's negative face
18Contextual effects are the result of:
- Aaccessing contextual assumptions
- Bstregthening existing assumptions
- Ccombining a new piece of information with the context
19Contextual premises are chosen following:
- Athe cooperative principle
- Ba cognitive principle of relevance
- Cboth
20Cross-cultural variations in politeness systems regarding the formulas which have become conventionalized belong to the domain of:
- Asocio-pragmatics
- Bpragma-linguistics
21Decide whether the illocutionary force of an utterance should be measured
- Ain absolute terms
- Bin scalar terms
22Disagreements threaten:
- Athe hearer's positive face
- Bthe hearer's negative face
23Disambiguation is an operation performed at the level of:
- Aexplicatures
- Bimplicatures
- Cboth
24Displaying a common point of view is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
25Exaggerate interest in H is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
26Explicatures are associated with the following operations:
- Aaccessing contextual implications
- Bactivating encyclopaedic knowledge
- Cdisambiguation
27Failure to communicate must be due to carelessness or inattention in choosing or construing linguistic expressions.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
28Find a synonym for contextual effects:
- Acontextual assumptions
- Bimplicatures
- Ccontextual implications
- Dpremises
29Find a synonym for negative politeness:
- Arapport
- Binvolvement
- Crespect
- Dsolidarity
30Find a synonym for negative politeness:
- Arapport
- Binvolvement
- Csolidarity
- Ddeference
31Find a synonym for positive politeness:
- Arespect
- Binvolvement
- Chierarchy
- Ddeference
32From a pragmatic point of view, presuppositions are potential and can be become actual in an utterance if they are not contradicted in the context.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
33From Brown & Levinson's model (1978, 1987) categorize the following utterance: Do not smoke.
- Abald on record
- Bon record with redress (positive politeness)
- Con record with redress (negative politeness)
- Doff-record
34From Brown & Levinson's model (1978, 1987) categorize the following utterance: I wanted to see you. I know this is a terrible imposition, but I will be really grateful if you could come.
- Abald on record
- Bon record with redress (positive politeness)
- Con record with redress (negative politeness)
- Doff-record
35From Brown & Levinson's model (1978, 1987) categorize the following utterance: Hey, boy, why don't you lend me ten pounds!
- Abald on record
- Bon record with redress (positive politeness)
- Con record with redress (negative politeness)
- Doff-record
36From Brown & Levinson's model (1978, 1987) categorize the following utterance: Do go there.
- Abald on record
- Bon record with redress (positive politeness)
- Con record with redress (negative politeness)
- Doff-record
37Gumperz's interactional sociolinguistics is NOT concerned with:
- Acontextualization cues
- Bsocial and interactive dimensions of context
- Cconversational inferences
- Dthe context as a frame that sorrounds talk
- Emiscummunication in cross-cultural setting
38Hints as a strategy of politeness imply:
- Agoing bald on record
- Bon record with positive redress
- Con record with negative redress
- Dgoing off-record
39If I say, ‘John turned thirty before he finished his degree,’ no presupposition is implied.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
40If I say, 'John turned thirty before he died', no presupposition is implied.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
41If we don't share the same assumptions, communication fails.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
42In Chinese and Japanese cultures, the division of face into positive and negative is:
- Auseful
- Buntenable
- Crelevant
43In Greece, in-group members express requests without redressive action.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
44In Greece, in-group members use among themselves:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cboth
45In Leech's model, lack of praise implies:
- Aapprobation
- Bdispraise
- Cboth
- Dnone
46In presupposition theory, the property of 'constancy under negation' implies:
- Aa semantic treatment of presuppositions
- Ba pragmatic treatment
- Cboth
47In Relevance Theory, context is defined in:
- Aethnographic terms
- Bsociological terms
- Cpsychological, cognitive terms
48In Relevance theory, implicatures are recovered in the same way by all interlocutors.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
49In Relevance Theory, implicatures are:
- Afixed
- Bprobabilistic
50In Relevance theory, inference is needed in order to recover:
- Aexplicatures
- Bimplicatures
- Cboth
51In Relevance Theory, the complete proposition expressed by a speaker is:
- Athe implicature
- Bthe utterance
- Cthe explicature
52In Relevance theory, the construct of context is:
- Asocio-cultural
- Bcognitive
- Csituational
53In Relevance theory, the context is constructed:
- Abeforehand
- Bad hoc
54In Relevance Theory, utterance interpretation is NOT:
- Aa process of logical inference
- Ba process of deductive reasoning
- Ca non-demonstrative process
55In the Buldge model of politeness, FTAs towards intimates require:
- Athe most negotiation
- Bthe least negotiation
56In the following advert of a car: Isn't space the ultimate luxury? the word luxury is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
57In the following advert of a mobile phone: Be inspired. Siemens the word inspired is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
58In the following advert of a pension plan: Are your financial solutions designed to your specifications? the word your is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
59In the following advert of Camel boots: Enjoy your life. Every day the word enjoy is a linguistic trigger of a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
60In the following advert of Linde enterprise: Linde. Ideas that create markets the word create is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
61In the following advert of Malboro: Come to where the flavor is the word Come is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
62In the following advert: Sillones & Sofás Stressless, the word Stressless is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
63In the following advert: Are other companies' web sites attracting all the visitors? the word other is:
- Aan entailment
- Ban implicit presupposition
- Ca trigger of a presupposition
64In the following advert: The Chesterfield experience the word The is:
- Aan entailment
- Ban implicit presupposition
- Ca trigger of a presupposition
65In the following advert: When was the last time you hit an elk? the word last is signalling a presupposition.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
66In the model developed by Scollon & Scollon, asymmetry is characteristic of:
- Athe solidarity system
- Bthe deference system
- Cthe hierarchical system
67In the power-solidarity paradigm, the basic meaning of the power dimension is:
- Ahierarchy
- Basymmetry
- Cinvolvement
- Dindependence
68In the power-solidarity paradigm, the power dimension has one of the following meanings:
- Alack of control
- Brapport
- Cinvolvement
- Dasymmetry
69In the power-solidarity paradigm, the solidarity dimension has one of the following meanings:
- Ahierarchy
- Bindependence
- Ccontrol
- Ddisrespect
70Indirectness is considered more polite in Leech's model in the case of:
- Adirectives
- Bcommissives
- Cboth
71Inference is needed in order to recover:
- Aexplicatures
- Bimplicatures
- Cboth
72Intended meaning and inferred meaning is exactly the same thing.
- Afalse
- Btrue
73Interactional meaning is associated with assigning sense and reference to the speaker's utterance.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
74Irony is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
75It is possible to understand the force of an utterance but not its meaning.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
76It is possible to understand the meaning of an utterance, but not its force.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
77Language obeys the rules of logic.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
78Learning a language for communicative purposes is not associated with learning to be pragmatically appropriate in sociocultural contexts.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
79Leech's approach to politeness can be useful because:
- Ait sets socio-psychological constraints
- Bit helps explain cross-cultural differences
- Cboth
80Mediterranean cultures emphasize:
- Anegative politeness
- Bpositive politeness
- Cboth
81Negative face in politeness theory is:
- Athe wish to be appreciated
- Bthe need to have freedom of action
82Nominalizing is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
83Offering optionality is considered more polite in Leech's model in the case of:
- Adirectives
- Bcommissives
- Cboth
84One of many definitions is: Pragmatics is the study of how more gets communicated that is said.”
- Atrue
- Bfalse
85One of many definitions of pragmatics is: "Pragmatics is the study of the expression of relative distance."
- Atrue
- Bfalse
86One of many definitions of pragmatics is: "Pragmatics is the study of contextual meaning."
- Atrue
- Bfalse
87Paying attention to the hearer is a strategy:
- Aof positive politeness
- Bof negative politeness
88Politeness theories are concerned with:
- Amoral or psychological dispositions to be polite
- Bstrategies to discourse goals
- Ccourtesy formulas
- Dformality registers
89Positive face in politeness theory is:
- Athe wish to be appreciated
- Bthe need to have freedom of action
90Power and solidarity are not related.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
91Pragmatics and truth-conditional semantics have the same object of study.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
92Pragmatics implies:
- Aa functional perspective on language
- Ba formal approach
93Pragmatics imply:
- Aa widening of the area of investigation of theoretical linguistics
- Ban entirely different point of view on language
94Pragmatics is concerned with linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
95Pragmatics is the same as truth-conditional semantics.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
96Pragmatics studies:
- Alinguistic meaning
- Bcontextual meaning
- Cneutral meaning
97Presuppositions (according to Mey, Grundy, etc.) belong to the field of:
- Asemantics
- Bpragmatics
98Reference assignment is an operation performed at the level of:
- Aexplicatures
- Bimplicatures
- Cboth
99Relevance in Relevance Theory refers to:
- Acontextual assumptions
- Bthe cognitive effects
- Cthe relation between contextual implications and processing effort
- Dsuccess in communication
100Relevance theory can explain:
- Aauthorized inferences
- Bunauthorized inferences
- Cboth
101Repetition is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
102Say if there is any social pragmatic presupposition in the following utterance: ‘Moving out of the country.
Everything must go. Husband, dog, microwave, TV, personal word processor. Great deals, Call Ori. 321-404-2391.’- Atrue
- Bfalse
103Say which definition of pragmatics is not correct. Pragmatics is:
- Athe study of speaker meaning
- Bthe study of textual meaning
- Cthe study of invisible meaning
- Dthe study of intended and inferred meaning
104Say which definition of pragmatics is NOT correct. Pragmatics is:
- Athe study of speaker meaning
- Bthe study of contextual meaning
- Cthe study of grammatical meaning
- Dthe study of intended and inferred meaning
105Say which of the following factors is not related to a pragmatic choice of indirectness:
- Aunintentionality
- Bobtaining some communicative advantage
- Cavoiding some negative consequence
- Dcultural constraints
106Seeking agreement is considered a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
107Sense assignment is an operation performed at the level of:
- Aexplicatures
- Bimplicatures
- Cboth
108Solidarity can be used to control others.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
109Solidariy can never entail power.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
110Some metaphors and animal imagery which have women as their referents reflect the unequal distribution of power.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
111Stating the FTA as a general rule is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
112Studying language via pragmatics is not related to people's intended meaning, their assumptions, their purposes or goals, and the actions they perform when they speak.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
113The "container view of meaning", which is reflected in everyday ways of speaking such as The meaning is right there in the words, implies a partial understanding of human communication and hide other aspects.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
114The assumption that language provides a vehicle for thoughts is a mistake of major proportions.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
115The basic unit in discourse pragmatics is:
- Athe utterance
- Ba text
- Cthe speech event
- Dthe interaction
116The 'conduit metaphor' is
- Aa correct model of how communication works
- Ba misleading and pernicious model of communication
- Ca neutral model of communication
117The context can be expanded indefinitely.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
118The context cannot change the meaning of an utterance.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
119The context in Gumperz's interactional sociolinguistics is:
- Astatic
- Bconventional
- Cinteractive
120The context of use only includes the context of utterance, not the larger context of society.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
121The difference between presuppositions and entailments is that entailment is not a pragmatic concept, but a purely logical one.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
122The expression "bad luck" follows:
- Athe Tact maxim
- Bthe Sympathy maxim
- Cthe Pollyanna principle
- Dthe Approbaiton maxim
123The focus of pragmatics is:
- Aprocesses of decodifying linguistic meaning
- Brelationships between forms and the users of those forms
124The following utterance - 'Where did he leave?' - contains:
- Aa counter-factive presupposition
- Bstructural presupposition
- Clexical presupposition
- Dno presupposition
125The high frequency of expressions of deference and honorifics in the Japanese culture reflects:
- Aits egocentric politeness system
- Bthe use of negative face
- Cits socio-centric politeness system
126The idea of a conversational contract refers to:
- Ainterlocutors' rights and obligations
- Bface threatening acts
- Chierarchical systems
127The illocutionary force of an utterance is a pragmatic level of meaning.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
128The importance given to individualism in the West is reflected in:
- Athe weight given to positive face
- Bthe use of indirectness
- Cthe weight given to negative face
129The interactional meaning of an utterance can contradict its linguistic, literal meaning.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
130The maxims of the Principle of Cooperation cannot be violated.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
131The most important kind of politeness in Britain is covered by:
- Athe Tact maxim
- Bthe Generosity maxim
- Cthe Sympathy maxim
- Dthe Approbation maxim
132The need to have self-worth recognized is:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
133The only dimension of meaning is interactional.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
134The pragmatic perspective has been invaluable in explaining:
- Athe textual nature of meaning
- Bthe unique nature of meaning
- Cthe multilevel nature of meaning
135The pragmatic perspective has been invaluable in explaining:
- Athe textual nature of meaning
- Bthe unique nature of meaning
- Ccross-cultural communication
136The Principle of Relevance cannot be violated.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
137The Principle of Relevance is needed to explain the construction of:
- Aimplicatures
- Bexplicatures
- Cboth
138The property of presuppositon is constancy under negation. This refers to:
- Asemantic presupposition
- Bpragmatic presupposition
- Cboth
- Dnone
139There is no possibility of faceless communication.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
140Token agreements are considered:
- Aoff-record
- Bnegative politeness
- Cpositive politeness
141Using a 'they' code is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
142Using a 'we' code is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
143Using ellipsis is considered:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
144Using hedging is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
145Using in-group identity markers is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
146Using white lies is a strategy of:
- Apositive politeness
- Bnegative politeness
- Cgoing off-record
147Verbal abuse among male peers is:
- Afun
- Bpositive politeness
- Cboth
- Dface-threatening
148When we speak we only transmit information:
- Atrue
- Bfalse
149Which is the key to comprehension:
- Ainference
- Bdecoding
150Which type of pragmatic strategy is more efficient from a cognitive point of view:
- Adirectness
- Bindirectness
151The only dimension of meaning is lingustic.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
152Presuppositions refer to beliefs, values, world-views.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
153The context is always expanded indifinitely.
- Atrue
- Bfalse
154The container view of meaning is:
- Acorrect model of communicative works
- Bmisleading model of communicative works
- Cneutral model of communicative works
155Find a synonym for contextual effect
- Acontextual assumptions
- Bimplicatures
- Ccontextual implications
Información
- Descripción
- Filología Test sobre kiwis, creado por Helena Alvarez el 12/01/2020.
- Autor
- Helena Alvarez
- Idioma
- Español
- Visitas
- 5
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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