Test
Pharmacology VII
Este test tiene tiempo límite, así que se abre en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (65)
1Which of the following drugs is often administered to treat life-threatening arrhythmias?
- Aa. quinidine
- Bb. lidocaine
- Cc. verapamil
- Dd. propranolol
2A male patient who is receiving Coumadin therapy presents for an elective extraction. His protrhombin time (PT) is prolonged. Which of the following methods is preferred for reducing the PT to an acceptable level?
- Aa. administering vitamin K (Aqua Mephyton)
- Bb. Withdrawing Coumadin for two days
- Cc. reducing Coumadin to one half the usual dose for two days
- Dd. administering a Coumadin antagonist, such as heparin
- Ee. administering a platelet transfusion to enhance coagulability
3Each of the following drugs has a significant anti-inflammatory property except one. Which one is the exception?
- Aa. aspirin
- Bb. cortisol
- Cc. acetaminophen
- Dd. ibuprofen
- Ee. indomethacin
4A patient has a history of significant cardiovascular impairment. The maximum safe dose of epinephrine that can be administered to this patient is:
- Aa. 1 cc, 1: 50,000
- Bb. 2 cc, 1: 50,000
- Cc. 1 cc, 1: 100,000
- Dd. 2 cc, 1: 100,000
5Which of the following is the current drug of choice for status-epilepticus?
- Aa. diazepam (Valium)
- Bb. phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Cc. chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- Dd. carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- Ee. chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
6Which of the following is an example of an enteral route of administration?
- Aa. oral
- Bb. submucosal
- Cc. inhalation
- Dd. subcutaneous
- Ee. intramuscular
7Propranolol (Inderal) exerts its major antianginal effect by
- Aa. dilating coronary arteries
- Bb. dilating systemic blood vessels
- Cc. increasing cardiac contractility
- Dd. stimulating vagal slowing of the heart
- Ee. blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the heart
8Bradycardia is MOST commonly treated with which of the following drugs?
- Aa. atropine
- Bb. epinephrine
- Cc. a diuretic
- Dd. a potent vasodilator
9Which of the following best explains why drugs that are highly ionized tend to be more rapidly excreted than those that are less ionized? The highly ionized are
- Aa. less lipid soluble
- Bb. less water soluble
- Cc. more rapidly metabolized
- Dd. more extensively bound to tissue
10Which of the following groups of drugs is CONTRAINDICATED for patients who have glaucoma?
- Aa. adrenergic
- Bb. cholinergic
- Cc. anticholinergic
- Dd. adrenergic blocking
11Low dose aspirin therapy prevents the formation of thromboemboli by preferentially inhibiting which of the following?
- Aa. phospholipase A2 in the blood vessel walls
- Bb. prostacyclin synthetase in the blood vessel walls
- Cc. thromboxane synthetase in the platelets
- Dd. vitamin K in the liver
12A patient who is receiving an IV diazepam sedation has upper eye-lid ptosis (Verill’s sign). The dentist should
- Aa. assist respiration immediately
- Bb. consider the patient to be adequately sedated
- Cc. place the patient in the Trendelenberg position
- Dd. administer one more increment of diazepam and proceed with the treatment
13A dentist is considering the use of nitrous-oxide conscious sedation for a patient. However, this type of sedation will be CONTRAINDICATED, should the patient have a history of which of the following?
- Aa. dental anxiety
- Bb. psychotic care
- Cc. controlled hypertension
14The correct total liter flow of nitrous oxide- oxygen is determined by
- Aa. a standard 6 liter per minute flow
- Bb. the patient’s metabolic oxygen requirements
- Cc. the amount necessary to keep the reservoir bag 1/3 to 2/3 full
- Dd. the largest volume that the patient can exchange within one minunte
15Which of the following sympathomimetic agents is the most potent bronchodilator?
- Aa. amphetamine
- Bb. norepinephrine
- Cc. phenylephrine
- Dd. isoproterenol
- Ee. methoxamine
16Succinylcholine blocks neuromuscular transmission by
- Aa. inhibiting cholinesterase
- Bb. inhibiting the central nervous system
- Cc. depolarizing the motor endplate of skeletal muscle
- Dd. inducing the formation of cholinesterase at the endplate
- Ee. blocking release of acetylcholine at the endplate
17Which of the following effects are common to pentobarbital, diazepam, and meperidine?
- Aa. anticonvulsant and hypnotic
- Bb. analgesia and relief of anxiety
- Cc. sedation and ability to produce dependence
- Dd. amnesia and skeletal muscle relaxation
18The onset of action of a drug is primarily determined by the rate of
- Aa. excretion
- Bb. absorption
- Cc. distribution
- Dd. biotransformation
19Injection of a local anesthetic into an inflamed area usually has a less than optimal result. Which of the following best explains why?
- Aa. the prostaglandins stabilize the nerve membrane
- Bb. inflammation reduces the availability of the free base
- Cc. the drug will be absorbed more rapidly because of the increased blood supply
- Dd. the chemical mediators of inflammation will present a chemical antagonism to the anesthetic
20The major effect of a drug is produced by the amount of the drug that is
- Aa. free in plasma
- Bb. excreted by the kidney
- Cc. detoxified in the liver
- Dd. bound to plasma protein
21A 4 yr old child is shy, timid, and fearful. Which of the following will be MOST appropriate for the restorative appointments for this child?
- Aa. Naloxone
- Bb. Nitrous oxide/oxygen
- Cc. Promethazine
- Dd. Hydroxyzine hydrochloride (atarax) or hydroxyzine pamoate (Vistaril) in divided doses
- Ee. Meperidine (Demerol), promethazine (Phenergan) and chlorpromazine (Thorazine) combined
22A primary advantage of intravenous sedation is which of the following?
- Aa. fewer side effects from the sedation
- Bb. slower biotransformation for prolonged action
- Cc. the ability to titrate individualized dosage
- Dd. a smooth and more gradual onset of sedation
23Each of the following is true regarding drug biotransformation EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
- Aa. the rate may differ significantly in various animal species
- Bb. it primarily occurs in the liver microsomal enzyme system
- Cc. it usually converts a drug to its lipid soluble, nonionized form
- Dd. it generally involves alterations of the chemical structure of the drug
24Which of the following drugs causes the LEAST CNS depression and impairment of psychomotor skills?
- Aa. diazepam
- Bb. buspirone
- Cc. alprazolam
- Dd. chloral hydrate
25A patient who has which of the following conditions is most likely to have postoperative bleeding after multiple extractions?
- Aa. angina
- Bb. diabetes
- Cc. cirrhosis
- Dd. rheumatic fever
- Ee. chronic bronchitis
26Local anesthetics aid in reducing the flow of saliva during operative procedures by
- Aa. blocking the cholinergic nerve endings
- Bb. blocking innervation to major salivary glands
- Cc. blocking efferent parasympathetic nerve pathways
- Dd. reducing sensitivity and anxiety during tooth preparation
27Which of the following combinations of agents would be necessary to block the cardiovascular effects produced by the injection of a sympathomimetic drug?
- Aa. atropine and prazosin
- Bb. atropine and propranolol
- Cc. prazosin and propranolol
- Dd. phenoxybenzamine and curare
- Ee. amphetamine and propranolol
28When compared therapeutically to penicillin G, penicillin V has a
- Aa. slower renal excretion
- Bb. more reliable oral absorption
- Cc. broader antibacterial spectrum
- Dd. greater resistance to penicillinase
- Ee. lower potential for allergic reaction
29Each of the following is a common side effect of prolonged tetracycline therapy EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
- Aa. diarrhea
- Bb. superinfection
- Cc. photosensitivity
- Dd. visual disturbance
- Ee. discoloration of newly forming teeth
30To reduce a patient’s salivary flow, a dentist has prescribed atropine. As a result of this medication, the patient might experience which of the following side effects?
- Aa. sedation
- Bb. diarrhea
- Cc. bradycardia
- Dd. blurred vision
- Ee. stomach cramping
31Of the following local anesthetics, which has intrinsic vasoconstrictive actions?
- Aa. cocaine
- Bb. procaine
- Cc. xylocaine
- Dd. bupivacaine
32Which of the following antibiotics is found at much higher concentrations in crevicular fluid than in serum?
- Aa. clindamycin
- Bb. penicillin
- Cc. metronidazole
- Dd. tetracycline
33When administered as oral centrally acting analgesics, which of the following is considered to have the highest dependence liability?
- Aa. codeine
- Bb. oxycodone (in Percodan)
- Cc. propoxyphene (Darvon)
- Dd. pentazocine (Talwin)
34Antibiotics are useful in the treatment of which of the following?
- Aa. herpangina
- Bb. angina pectoris
- Cc. recurrent apthous stomatitis
- Dd. necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
35Auditory nerve deafness is associated with the use of
- Aa. polymixin B
- Bb. chloramphenicol
- Cc. amphotericin B
- Dd. gentamycin
36The maximal or ceiling effect of a drug is also correctly referred to as the drug’s
- Aa. agonism
- Bb. potency
- Cc. efficacy
- Dd. specificity
37Which of the following agents found in tobacco products cause addiction?
- Aa. tar
- Bb. formaldehyde
- Cc. nicotine
- Dd. carbon monoxide
38Allergic reactions to local anesthetics are caused by
- Aa. rapid absorption
- Bb. slow detoxification
- Cc. an antigen-antibody reaction
- Dd. improper administration technique
39Which drug group is the LEAST likely to cause xerostomia?
- Aa. opioids
- Bb. antidepressants
- Cc. antihistamines
- Dd. benzodiazepines
- Ee. anticholinergics
40Currently, the BEST oral sedative drugs for dentistry fall into the class of
- Aa. narcotics
- Bb. barbiturates
- Cc. phenothiazines
- Dd. benzodiazepines
41Which of the following best describes the drug-receptor activity of naloxone?
In Terms of: Affinity | Intrinsic | Activity- Aa. high high
- Bb. low high
- Cc. high none
- Dd. none low
42Which of the following types of chemical bonding is the least likely to be involved in a drug-receptor interaction?
- Aa. covalent bonding
- Bb. hydrogen bonding
- Cc. dipole-dipole bonding
- Dd. electrostatic bonding
- Ee. van der Waal’s forces
43After a threshold stimulus, the cell membrane becomes permanently altered. The liberation of which of the following transmitter substances causes this alteration?
- Aa. acetylcholine
- Bb. cholinesterase
- Cc. hydroxycholine
- Dd. acetylsalicylic acid
44Which of the following compounds is used as an antiviral agent?
- Aa. amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Bb. novobiocin
- Cc. miconazole (monistat)
- Dd. amphotericin B
45With an overdose of a cholinergic drug, one would expect to see each of the following signs EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
- Aa. sweating
- Bb. urination
- Cc. mydriasis
- Dd. bradycardia
- Ee. copious serous saliva
46Cephalosporins are definitely CONTRAINDICATED for penicillinallergic patients who exhibit
- Aa. immediate-type reactions
- Bb. nausea and vomiting with erythromycin
- Cc. any type of reaction to the penicillins
47Which of the following is a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent used for the treatment of hypertension?
- Aa. prazosin (Minipress)
- Bb. clonidine (Catapress)
- Cc. atenolol (Tenormin)
- Dd. hydralazine (Aprezoline)
- Ee. verapamil (Calan)
48In which of the following categories are ephedrine, tyramine, and amphetamine classified?
- Aa. anticholinesterases
- Bb. alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
- Cc. indirect-acting sympathomimetics
- Dd. direct-acting parasympathomimetics
49Thiazides, which are used in the treatment of hypertension, may require supplemental administration of
- Aa. sodium
- Bb. chloride
- Cc. calcium
- Dd. potassium
50Which of the following adverse reactions of oral contraceptives is the most common and the most serious?
- Aa. hypotension
- Bb. hepatotoxicity
- Cc. uterine neoplasia
- Dd. thromboembolic disorder
- Ee. decreased resistance to infection
51The supraspinal analgesic activity of morphine is mediated primarily through its influence upon which opioid receptor subtype?
- Aa. mu
- Bb. kappa
- Cc. delta
- Dd. sigma
- Ee. epsilon
52Which pair of anesthetics is most likely to show cross-allergenicity?
- Aa. lidocaine-mepivacaine
- Bb. prilocaine-tetracaine
- Cc. procaine-mepivacaine
- Dd. procaine-lidocaine
- Ee. lidocaine-benzocaine
53Thrombophlebitis, which occurs after intravenous administration of diazepam, is usually attributed to which of the following substances in the mixture?
- Aa. benzoic acid
- Bb. ethyl alcohol
- Cc. propylene glycol
- Dd. sodium metabisulfite
54Each of the following is a pharmacologic effect of phenothiazines EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
- Aa. sedation
- Bb. an antiemetic effect
- Cc. alpha-adrenergic effect
- Dd. potentiation of the action of narcotics
- Ee. an anticonvulsant
55Epinephrine antagonizes the effects of histamine by
- Aa. preventing the release of histamine
- Bb. acting on the central nervous system
- Cc. producing physiologic actions opposite to that of histamine
- Dd. competitively blocking histamine at the cellular receptor site
56Which of the following represents the drug-of-choice in the treatment of candidiasis for an HIV-infected patient?
- Aa. acyclovir
- Bb. nystatin
- Cc. AZT
- Dd. chlorhexidine
57A patient presents for treatment of a large fluctuant mass in the submandibular space as a result of extension of odontogenic infection. He has a temperature of 38.5 degrees C (101 degrees F). Initially, the dentist should treat this patient with which of the following?
- Aa. salicylate therapy to reduce the temperature
- Bb. alternate application of heat and cold to the area to improve circulation
- Cc. incision and drainage and a culture for antibiotic sensitivity
- Dd. antibiotic therapy to reduce the swelling and infection
58The only local anesthetic that increases the pressor activity of both epinephrine and norepinephrine is
- Aa. cocaine
- Bb. procaine
- Cc. dibucaine
- Dd. lidocaine
- Ee. mepivacaine
59Corticosteroid therapy for arthritis is contraindicated for a patient who also has which of the following conditions?
- Aa. anemia
- Bb. nephritis
- Cc. alcoholism
- Dd. peptic ulcer
- Ee. rheumatic heart disease
60Which of the following is the first symptom that is usually perceived by the patient being administered nitrous oxide?
- Aa. nausea
- Bb. euphoria
- Cc. giddiness
- Dd. tingling of the hands
61Each of the following, EXCEPT one, is a good reason for using sedation. Which one is this EXCEPTION?
- Aa. to allay apprehension, anxiety or fear
- Bb. to decrease the amount of local anesthesia that is required for a given procedure
- Cc. to alleviate stress in a severely medically compromised patient
- Dd. to accomplish certain procedures that a practitioner would not normally be able to do on an anxious patient
62Which of the following is classified as an antianxiety drug?
- Aa. methohexital
- Bb. lorazepam
- Cc. haloperidol
- Dd. pentazocine
- Ee. phenylpropanolamine
63Alcohol abuse occurs when someone
- Aa. drinks more than the legal limit of alcohol
- Bb. experiences withdrawal symptoms when not drinking
- Cc. gets seriously intoxicated on a regular basis
- Dd. drinks enough that it puts their relationship, job, or health in jeopardy
64For oral sedation in the dental setting, the most ideal group of agents is
- Aa. narcotics
- Bb. barbiturates
- Cc. antihistamines
- Dd. benzodiazepines
- Ee. anticholinergics
65In most cases, which of the following is the accepted dose schedule of penicillin in the treatment of actinomycosis of the jaw?
- Aa. 250 mg. oral tablets q.i.d., 7 days
- Bb. 500 mg. oral tablets q.i.d., 7 days
- Cc. 600,000 units intramuscularly twice daily for two weeks followed by oral medication
- Dd. 10 million units intravenously per day for 10-14 days followed by long-term oral medication
Información
- Descripción
- Praxis Tests: Pharmacology Test sobre Pharmacology VII, creado por ACAPUN INSTITUTE el 08/11/2021.
- Autor
- ACAPUN INSTITUTE
- Idioma
- Español
- Visitas
- 385
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test