Test
Week 4- Cognitive Development
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Preguntas del test (52)
1Piaget: The Master Observer of Children. Olivia (14-month-old), while sitting in her highchair continues to drop food, spoons, toys on the floor and watches her father clean up each mess.
- AAction = Knowledge
- BAccommodation
- CFormal Operations
2Three basic assumptions of Piaget’s Theory:
- ADomain general approach. Discrete Stages. Stages are all universal.
- BDomain general approach. Concrete Stages. Stages are all universal.
- CDomain general approach. Discrete Stages. Stages are all individual.
3Formal Operations
- AStage 4: 12 years+
- BStage 3: 7-12 years
- CStage 1: 0-2 years
4Preoperational Period
- AStage 4: 12 years+
- BStage 3: 7-12 years
- CStage 2: 2-7 years
5Sensorimotor Period
- AStage 2: 2-7 years
- BStage 1: 0-2 years
- CStage 4: 12 years +
6Concrete Operational
- AStage 4: 12 years +
- BStage 1: 0-2 years
- CStage 3: 7-12 years
7Constructivist Approach
- Athe basic building blocks for the way in which we understand the world
- Ban underlying principle to the growth of children's schemes
- Cconstructing understanding through experiences and interactions with the knowledge maturing over time.
8Schemes are...
- Aconstructing understanding through experiences and interactions with the knowledge maturing over time
- Bthe basic building blocks for the way in which we understand the world (aka. mental structures).
- Cthe changes of the quality of children’s knowledge/understanding
9Accommodation involves...
- Aupdating a scheme
- Bputting new experiences into existing schemes
- Cmodifying scheme
10Adaptation involves...
- Aputting new experiences into existing schemes
- Bupdating a scheme
- Cmodifying schemes
11Assimilation involves..
- Amodifying scheme
- Bupdating scheme
- Cputting new experiences into existing scheme
12Preoperational period example:
- ASymbolic thinking grows e.g. mum grabs keys to car, may prompt “Shops?”
- BE.g. what do you get when you place a dog mask on a cat? 3-4-year-olds believe a dog.
- CE.g. a child encounters a flying possum at a zoo but calls it “a bird with a tail”
13Conservation
- AWhat You See Is What You Think
- BTrust vs. Mistrust
- CLearning That Appearances Are Deceiving
14Centration
- ALearning That Appearances Are Deceiving
- BWhat You See Is What You Think
- CUnderstanding the Process of One State Changed into Another
15Transformation
- ALearning That Appearances Are Deceiving
- BUnderstanding the Process of One State Changed into Another
- CWhat You See Is What You Think
16Egocentrism
- AThe Inability to Take Others’ Perspectives
- BUnderstanding the Process of One State Changed into Another
- CLearning That Appearances Are Deceiving
17Concrete Operation Period: Decentering is...
- Areasoning that uses abstract logic in the absence of concrete examples
- Ba general theory about what produces a particular outcome
- Cthe notion that processes transforming a stimulus can be reversed, returning to its original form
18Transition to Formal Operations: Hypotheticodeductive reasoning...
- Areasoning that uses abstract logic in the absence of concrete examples.
- Bthe ability to think abstractly
- Cstart with a general theory about what produces a particular outcome, then deduce explanations for specific situations in which they see that particular outcome
19Transition to Formal Operations: Propositional thought...
- Astart with a general theory about what produces a particular outcome, then deduce explanations for specific situations in which they see that particular outcome
- Breasoning that uses abstract logic in the absence of concrete examples.
- Coccurs once they less egocentric and now have the ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account
20Vygotsky's view considers...
- Aculture
- Btemperament
- Cparenting
21The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
- Aconsiders the abstract rather than the concrete terms
- BObject permanence develops
- CThe level at which a child can almost comprehend or perform a task without aid
22Scaffolding
- AChildren have internal thought processes
- Bis the term used for the assistance or structuring provided by others
- CDo not yet understand conservation
23A child can function in the Zone of Proximal Development with assistance by the provision of:
- AConcrete operations
- BDirect instruction
- CScaffolding
24Vgotsky was:
- AA Russian psychologist who viewed cognitive development occuring as a result of social interaction
- BCalled the process of changing schemes assimilation and accommodation
- CArgued that cognitive development can only be understood in the context of language development
25Hypothetical-deductive reasoning:
- AIs a level of maturity that everyone reaches by about 15 years of age
- BAllows us to solve the problem of what affects the speed of a pendulum
- COccurs in the concrete operational period of child development
26If a child was passing through Piaget's preoperational stage of development she would likely be:
- A3 years old and egocentric
- B18 months old and understand object permanence
- C8 years old and understand how to reverse operations
27Social referencing in relation to infants is:
- AThe ability to differentiate between people
- BThe ability to understand when it is appropriate to express emotions
- CThe ability to use peoples' reactions to something to make sense of it
28Egocentrism may best be defined as:
- AA lack of empathy
- BThe realisation that others have internal states such as emotions and desires
- CThinking that is dominated by an infant's own experiences, perceptions and position in space
29A child who picks up a stick and plays with it pretending it is a sword is demonstrating which of the following:
- ASymbolic representation
- BAchievement of Formal Operations
- CEngagement in cooperative play
30When children answer incorrectly in Piaget’s classic Conservation Task experiments, what cognitive developmental characteristic are they proposed to have demonstrated?
- ASchemes
- BCentration
- CConcrete operations
31Which of the following is not a characteristic of Concrete Operational Thought?
- AThe ability to reason about immediate reality
- BThe ability to reason about abstract possibilities
- CThe ability to manipulate mental representations about the outside to solve problems
32The ability to create and test hypotheses through systematic observation is called:
- AHypothetico-deductive reasoning
- BHypothetico-inductive reasoning
- CObservation-based reasoning
33An example of an assimilation is a girl seeing a flying possum at a zoo...
- Ashe may assimilate it with "possum" due to her existing scheme of bird
- Bshe may assimilate it with a "bird" due to her existing scheme of bird
- Cshe may call it "bird" due to her exisiting assimilation of possum
34What is an example of a scheme?
- Aa baby gets a new cloth, she will respond by touch, putting it in mouth, trying to bang on the floor
- Ba child encounters a flying possum at a zoo but calls it “a bird with a tail” is using the process of accommodation to modify the scheme of bird.
- CA baby gets a new toy and is uninterested
35Accommodation is...
- Amodifying a scheme
- Bbasic building blocks for which we understand the world
- Cnew experiences into an existing scheme
36The Sensorimotor Period is for birth till..
- A18 months
- B4 months
- C24 months
37What age do infants realise that people and objects exist even when they cannot be seen
- A8-12 months
- B10-20 months
- C2-3 months
38An example of Centration....
- AWhich row contains more buttons?
- BWhich glass contains more?
- CThe falling pencil
39An example of Conservation...
- AWhich row contains more buttons?
- BWhich Glass Contains More?
- CThe Falling Pencil
40What age does Concrete Operation Period begin?
- A2-7
- B7-12
- C12+
41Decentering happens within what period
- APreoperational Period
- BConcrete Operation Period
- CFormal Operations Period
42Decentering involves....
- ABecoming less egocentric and able to take on multiple aspects of a situation into account
- BThe belief that inanimate objects are alive
- CThe inability to take others' perspectives
43When a child finishes the Concrete Operations Period they will still be unable to pass conservation tasks
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
44The reason children differ in the Formal Operations to Concrete Operations is that 12 year olds deelop the ability to think abstractly
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
45What do you get when you place a dog mask on a cat? 3-4-year-olds believe a dog.
This is an example of...- AEgocentrism
- BConservation
- CCentration
46Combining grasping an object and sucking, staring, touching is an example of what substage in the Sensorimotor Period?
- AFirst habits and primary circular reactions
- BSimple Reflexes
- CCoordination of secondary circular reactions
47Pushing a toy aside to reach another toy partially exposed is an example of what substage within the Sensorimotor Period?
- ACoordination of secondary circular reactions
- BSimple reflexes
- CTertiary circular reactions
48If the balls rolls under a couch, they can assume where it is likely to emerge or be positioned is an example of what substage within the Sensorimotor Period?
- ASecondary circular reactions
- BTertiary circular reactions
- CBeginnings of thought
49Trial and error experiments with actions is an example of what substage within the Sensorimotor Period?
- ACoordination of secondary circular reactions
- BTertiary circular reactions
- CBeginnings of thught
50The sucking reflex is an example of which substage within the Sensorimotor Period?
- ASimple reflexes
- BFirst habits and primary circular reactions
- Csecondary circular reactions
51The repetitive shakes of a rattle in order to understand the different ways it sounds is an example of which substag within the Sensorimotor Period?
- ATertiary
- BCoordination of secondary circular reactions
- CSecondary circular reactions
52At hwat substage of the Sensorimotor Period is object permanence achieved and the infant makes the A-not-B- error?
- ASubstage 4: Coordination of secondary circular reactions
- BSubstage 5: Tertiary circular reactions
- CSubstage 6: Beginnings of thought
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Week 4- Cognitive Development, creado por Elyse Manie el 28/09/2019.
- Autor
- Elyse Manie
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 4
- Valoración
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