Test
Soils Final
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (61)
1which of the following does the soil provide to improve plant growth?
- APhysical support for plant roots
- Bmoderates temperature change
- CContains higher oxygen than found in the earth's atmosphere
- Dstores nutrients for the plant to use
2The least weathered horizon in a soil that forms in place would be a
- AA
- BB
- CC
- DO
3Which of the following statements would be true when comparing topsoil to subsoil
- Asubsoil is more fertile than topsoil
- Bsubsoil has a greater water holding capacity than topsoil
- CTopsoil tends to have more organic matter than subsoil
- Dtopsoil tends to contain the majority of the roots from the plant
4A soil particle that is described as follows would be called _____. "A soil particle that is smooth and is moldable or plastic and usually sticky when wet"
- ASand
- BSilt
- Cclay
- Dloam
5Which of the following statements about organic matter would be true
- AAs organic matter increases, soil color will darken
- BAs organic matter increases, soil structure decreases
- CAs organic matter decreases, soil texture will be changed
- DOrganic matter in KY is usually 1-3% in topsoil
6Organic matter will influence which of the following soil physical properties
- AStructure
- Btexture
- Ccolor
- Dorganism growth
7which of the following statements would be true of a soil in this area that has a grey color?
- AIt is waterlogged part of the year
- BIt contains reduced iron
- Cit contains oxidized iron
- Dit is a subsoil
8Soils that contain the mineral hematite would likely be which color if well oxidized
- ABlack/dark brown
- Btan
- Cred
- Dgrey
9The brightness or intensity of a color is referred to as it _________?
- AHue
- BValue
- Cchroma
- Dcolor
10In the Munsel soil color 2.5YR 4/3, the hue would be
- A2.5 YR
- B4
- C3
- D4/3
11The amount of sand, silt, and clay in a soil sample is called soil _______.
- AStructure
- Bcolor
- Ctexture
- Dhorizon
12Which of the following parent materials are definitely found in KY?
- AResidual
- BGlacial
- CEolian
- DAlluvial
13Loess soils are an example of ________ parents material.
- AResidual
- Bglacial
- Ceolian
- Dalluvial
14Which of the following are roles of animals within the soil?
- AMixes the soil
- BBiochemically weathers the soil profile
- Cassists in nutrient recycling
- Dassists in aggregate stability
15In general, the ridge soils of this region come from _______ while the depression regions come from ________.
- AShale; Limestone
- BSandstone; limestone
- Cshale; sandstone
- Dlimestone; sandstone
16Which of the following statements about topography are true?
- ASouth-facing slopes in the northern hemisphere are warmer
- Bnorth-facing slopes in the northern hemisphere are warmer
- Cwater content will differ based on the aspect of the slope
- Dvegetation will differ based on the aspect of the slope
17A chronosequence is a group of soils that are similar in every soil forming factor except for ___.
- AParent material
- Bclimate
- Cbiota
- Dtime
18Which of the following parent materials involves deposition by some form of water
- Acolluvial
- Balluvium
- Clacustrine
- Dloess
19A ______ horizon is one that had the max amount of leaching or eluviation of clay, iron, or aluminum oxide
- AA
- BB
- CC
- DE
20A layer that forms approx. parallel to the soil surface is called a ___________.
- Aprofile
- Bhorizon
- Cstructure
- Dtexture
21If a soil horizon is listed as a BA horizon, which of the following statements would be true?
- AIt has more properties of the A horizon than the B horizon
- BIt has more properties of the B horizon than the A horizon
- CIt is a transitional horizon
- Dit has a lithological discontinuity
22which of the following statements would be true if a horizon was described as 2Btx1
- AIt has formed from a 2nd parent material
- Bit is a horizon that accumulated silicate clay
- Cit has a grey or gley color
- Dit is weakly developed
23Which soil structure is commonly found in the A horizon of the soil? (just one not a multiple select)
- AGranular
- Bsubangular blocky
- Cangular blocky
- Dprismatic
24List at least 4 of the 5 major functions of soils. Briefly describe this function
[blank_start]Growth medium[blank_end] - provides plants with a [blank_start]place to grow and get nutrients[blank_end]
[blank_start]Controls water movement[blank_end] - [blank_start]stores and supplies water[blank_end]
[blank_start]habitat for organisms[blank_end] - [blank_start]microorgs[blank_end] and others are [blank_start]given nutrients[blank_end]
[blank_start]recycles matter[blank_end] - lots of [blank_start]decomposition[blank_end]
[blank_start]engineering medium[blank_end] - can be used [blank_start]to build with or build on[blank_end]- AGrowth medium
- Bplace to grow and get nutrients
- CControls water movement
- Dstores and supplies water
- Ehabitat for organisms
- Fmicroorgs
- Ggiven nutrients
- Hrecycles matter
- Idecomposition
- Jengineering medium
- Kto build with or build on
25List 4 of the 5 soil forming factors
[blank_start]topography[blank_end], [blank_start]time[blank_end], [blank_start]parents materials[blank_end], [blank_start]climate[blank_end]- Atopography
- Btime
- Cparents materials
- Dclimate
26define the term soil
A [blank_start]naturally[blank_end] occurring, [blank_start]constantly changing[blank_end] entity that is [blank_start]formed[blank_end] by the [blank_start]five soil forming factors[blank_end]- Anaturally
- Bconstantly changing
- Cformed
- Dfive soil forming factors
27[blank_start]Eolian[blank_end] - transported by wind
[blank_start]colluvial[blank_end] - transported by gravity
[blank_start]residual[blank_end] - formed in place from rock
[blank_start]marine[blank_end] - deposited by oceans
[blank_start]alluvial[blank_end] - transported by rivers
[blank_start]glacial[blank_end] - deposited by ice
[blank_start]lacustrine[blank_end] deposited by a lake
[blank_start]organic[blank_end] - accumulated plant debris- AEolian
- Bcolluvial
- Cresidual
- Dmarine
- Ealluvial
- Fglacial
- Glucustrine
- Horganic
- Ieolian
- Jcolluvial
- Kresidual
- Lmarine
- Malluvial
- Nglacial
- Olacustrine
- Porganic
- Qalluvial
- Rlacustrine
- Sorgainc
- Tmarine
- Uresidual
- Vcolluvial
- Wlacustrine
- Xresidual
- Ycolluvial
- Zmarine
- AAeolian
- ABorganic
- ACalluvial
- ADresidual
- AEeolian
- AForganic
- AGlacustrine
- AHglacial
- AIorganic
- AJresidual
- AKeolian
- ALlacustrine
- AMlacustrine
- ANalluvial
- AOmarine
- APglacial
- AQeolian
- ARresidual
- ASorganic
- ATmarine
- AUeolian
- AVlacustrine
- AWglacial
- AXresidual
28[blank_start]Mollic[blank_end] - Mineral surface horizon that is dark, thick, soft, and has a base saturation of >50% at the surface
[blank_start]Umbric[blank_end] - Mineral surface horizon that is dark, thick, soft and has a base saturation of <50% at the surface
[blank_start]Ochric[blank_end] - Mineral deposit that is close to being called a default
[blank_start]Argillic[blank_end] - Accumulation of high-activity silicate clays that moved downward or formed in place
[blank_start]Albic[blank_end] - Lightly colored eluvial horizon that is low in clay, and Fe or Al oxides
[blank_start]Fragipan[blank_end] - A dense impermeable layer- AMollic
- BUmbric
- COchric
- DArgillic
- EAlbic
- FFragipan
- GUmbric
- HMollic
- IOchric
- JArgillic
- KAlbic
- LFragipan
- MOchric
- NMollic
- OUmbric
- PArgillic
- QAlbic
- RFragipan
- SArgillic
- TMollic
- UUmbric
- VOchric
- WAlbic
- XFragipan
- YAlbic
- ZMollic
- AAUmbric
- ABOchric
- ACArgillic
- ADFragipan
- AEFragipan
- AFMollic
- AGUmbric
- AHOchric
- AIArgillic
- AJAlbic
29Sandy soils usually have which of the following?
- AMore total pore space
- BMore macropore space
- CMore micropore space
- Dhave a higher bulk density in natural conditions than clayey soils
30Which of the following are types of channel erosion
- Asheet
- Binternal
- CGully
- Drills
31In the USLE equation, the factor that is called the soil erodibility factor is
- AR
- BK
- CC
- DP
32The presence of soil sealing or crusting would lead to a(n) _____________in infiltration rate.
- Aincrease
- Bdecrease
- Cwould have no effect
33Tillage that leaves at least 30% residue at the soil surface is called
- AConventional tillage
- BConservation tillage
- CNo-till
- DAll would meet that criteria
34Having crop residues on the soil surface accomplishes which of the following?
- AProtects the soil from raindrop imapact
- BAllows new seeds to be planted easier
- Cslows runoff across the soil
- Dlessens erosion rates overall
35Which of the following statements would be true?
- Aerosion rates would be less in a coarse-textured soil
- Berosion rates would be greater in a coarse-textured soil
- Cerosion rates would be less in a fine-textured soil
- Derosion rates would be greater in a fine-textured soil
36The greater the amount of vegetation on the soil the __________ erosion that will occur
- Agreater
- Bequal
- Clesser
- Dvegetation does not influence erosion losses
37which of the following would be influenced by erosion
- Ayield potential
- Bwater holding capacity
- Corganic matter content
- Dincreases infiltration rate
38Which of the following reasons explain why productivity is lost due to erosion
- Areduced topsoil depth
- Breduced distance to restrictive layer
- Creduced rooting zone depth
- Dloss of sandy materials
39Which of the following are potential problems created by sediment losses
- Adecreased water quality
- Bclogging of waterways
- Closs of aquatic habitat
- Dloss of plant nutrients
40The _______ potential is the attraction of water for solutes or salts
- AMatric
- BOsmotic
- CGravitational
- DPressure
41The __________ potential is only seen at high elevations
- AMatric
- BOsmotic
- CGravitational
- DPressure
42The matric potential moves water from ______ to ______ SWP and from ______ to ______ soil
- AHigh;low - wet;dry
- Blow;high - wet;dry
- Chigh;low - dry;wet
- Dlow;high - dry;wet
43The osmotic potential is only significant here when we add water through irrigation
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
44Water in the _______ pore space moves and drains in response to gravity only
- AMacro
- BMicro
- CNeither A nor B
- Dboth A and B
45At field capacity, which statements are true about soil water pores?
- Aall macropores are filled
- Ball macropores are drained
- Call micropores are filled
- Dall micropores are drained
46Water found at a SWP of 0 to -33 that freely drains in response to gravity is called
- Aavailable
- Bgravitational
- Cpressure
- Dmatric
47At permanent wilting point, which soil holds the largest volume of total water
- Asand
- Bsilt
- Cclay
- Dall would be equal
48As organic matter content increases in a soil, the water holding capacity of that soil will ______
- Aincrease
- Bdecrease
- Cremain unchanged
49Stronger soil structure will lead to ______ water holding capacity of a soil
- Aincreased
- Bdecreased
- Cno change
50Unsaturated water flow in soils is controlled by the ____ potential
- AMatric
- BOsmotic
- CGravitational
- DPressure
51Saturated flow in soil is controlled by the _______ potential
- AMatric
- BOsmotic
- CGravitational
- DPressure
52Movement of water through the soil profile is called _______
- AInfiltration
- Bpercolation
- Cgravitational
- Ddeep
53Which of the following influence the rate of infiltration
- ASoil texture
- BSoil structure
- Corganic matter content
- Damount of water already in the soil
54Which potential is responsible for the "wicking" of water from the saturated zone to the unsaturated zone in the soil
- AMatric
- BOsmotic
- CGravitational
- DPressure
55Most water uptake in plants occurs by _______ absorption
- APassive
- BActive
56Which of the following are general properties of the water molecule
- AIt's a polar molecule
- Bit's able to dissolve salts
- CHas N bonds
- Dhas a high specific heat
57The more negative the soil water potential, the __________ tightly water is held by the soil
- Amore
- Bless
58The highest rate of percolation would occur in which one of the following soil settings
- Asandy texture, good structure
- Bsilty texture, poor structure
- Cclay loam texture, poor structure
- Dclay loam textures, good structure
59Name three benefits of using conservation tillage
[blank_start]less labor needed[blank_end], [blank_start]less compaction of soil[blank_end], [blank_start]machinery wont degrade as fast[blank_end]- Aless labor needed
- Bless compaction of soil
- Cmachinery wont degrade as fast
60A soil loss of 4.3 tons/acre/year is not sustainable because while it may not seem like much the [blank_start]loss[blank_end] is at a much [blank_start]greater rate[blank_end] than the [blank_start]restoration[blank_end]. Soils takes hundreds of years [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to [blank_start]form[blank_end] than to [blank_start]erode[blank_end]
- Aloss
- Bgreater rate
- Crestoration
- Dlonger
- Eform
- Ferode
61List the 3 principles of erosion control. List the practice that would aid for each
[blank_start]reducing water impact[blank_end] - [blank_start]cover crops[blank_end]
[blank_start]decreasing water runoff[blank_end] - [blank_start]conservation[blank_end] tillage (more soil residue slows velocity)
[blank_start]increasing soil residue[blank_end] - adding [blank_start]organic matter[blank_end]- Areducing water impact
- Bdecreasing water runoff
- Cincreasing soil residue
- Dcover crops
- Econservation
- Forganic matter
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Soils Final, creado por Ella Haley el 09/12/2021.
- Autor
- Ella Haley
- Idioma
- English
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- 0
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