Test
Pediatrics (6th edition)
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Preguntas del test (48)
1A viral infection of the pediatric upper airway that results in inflammation of the subglottic region is known as:
- Aepiglottitis
- Bbronchiolitis
- Ccroup
- Dbronchitis
2An inflammation of an airway structure that is often due to a bacterial infection in children and is known to be potentially life threatening is:
- Aepiglottitis.
- Bnasopharyngealitis.
- Claryngotracheobronchitis.
- Dglottitis
3Which of these is the best description of asthma?
- AViral infection of the lower airways
- BInflammatory disease of the lower airways
- CBacterial infection of the lower airways
- DBacterial or viral disease of the upper airways
4What type of shock in the pediatric patient occurs when there is a marked decrease in peripheral vascular resistance?
- ADistributive
- BCardiogenic
- CHypovolemic
- DObstructive
5Which of these terms should be used to convey the preventable nature of childhood trauma?
- AInjury
- BAccident
- CMisadventure
- DMishap
6Which of these terms is best applied to the majority of childhood injuries?
- AUnavoidable
- BInevitable
- CPreventable
- DUnforeseeable
7Several large emergency medical services (EMS) systems have abandoned the practice of pediatric endotracheal intubation in favor of simple:
- Abag-valve mask (BVM) ventilation
- Brapid transport.
- Ctracheotomy.
- Dcontinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
8The less frequently a paramedic uses a skill, the:
- Amore likely that it is outside the scope of the paramedic's practice.
- Bmore frequently it should be practiced.
- Cless time it will take to perform.
- Dmore likely it is never to be necessary.
9While you are questioning a 4-year-old with abdominal pain, he tells you that his stomach started hurting last week. Which of the following should you do next?
- AContinue your interview with the parents because the child is unreliable.
- BContinue questioning the child but verify information with the parents.
- CUnderstand that pain of this duration is always an emergency.
- DAsk the parents why they waited so long to seek help.
10You are caring for a 5-year-old who was injured when his older brother accidentally stabbed him in the thigh with a pocketknife. The patient has lost about 350 mL of blood. He is pale, with cool, diaphoretic skin, and is awake but very still. As part of your treatment, you have applied direct pressure to the wound, stopped the bleeding, and covered the patient with a blanket. The patient's mother is very upset and does not want to let go of the child's hand. How should you go about completing your treatment?
- AAsk the mother why the boys weren't supervised more closely.
- BAsk your partner to take the mother to another room so you can work.
- CShow the mother where to sit, so she can remain with the child while allowing you to work.
- DTell the mother she needs to stay out of the way so you can do your work.
11You are caring for a 6-year-old who was struck by a car on the street in front of her home in a very impoverished part of town. Her distraught father yells at you to hurry up and says, "If this was a kid on the other side of the tracks, you would be moving faster!" Which of the following is the most appropriate response?
- A"Sir, I can either pay attention to you and address your concerns or pay attention to your child. Please allow me to do my job."
- B"I know this is upsetting. We are moving as fast as we can without making her condition worse. As long as I have your word that you won't yell at us, you can ride in the ambulance, and we will tell you everything we are doing."
- C"Sir, if you don't calm down, the police are going to remove you from the scene."
- D"Don't yell at us. We were not the ones who were responsible for keeping her out of the street."
12Generally, adolescents:
- Aare unreliable witnesses.
- Bare good historians.
- Cdefer to authority.
- Dfollow their parents' lead.
13You are transporting a dehydrated 9-month-old who has had a fever, vomiting, and diarrhea for 12 hours. He is lethargic with pale, cool, mottled skin and capillary refill time of 4 seconds. His respiratory rate is 38, and you have initiated oxygen due to a low pulse oximeter reading and have started an intraosseous (IO) infusion followed by an initial bolus of fluid according to protocol. The patient's perfusion has not improved. Which of the following is the best choice with regard to fluid resuscitation?
- AMaintain the fluid at a keep-open rate.
- BGive a second bolus of 20 mL/kg.
- CInfuse fluids wide-open.
- DGive a larger second bolus of 40 mL/kg.
14You should consider the heart rate of a 5-year-old patient to be bradycardic beginning at a rate below how many beats per minute?
- A70
- B60
- C80
- D90
15Which of these is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in an infant or a young child?
- ACongenital heart disease
- BAirway and respiratory problems
- CCommotio cordis
- DAcute myocardial infarction
16Compared to an adult's, an infant's or a child's:
- Alung tissues are more fragile.
- Bribs are harder and stiffer.
- Cmediastinum is less mobile.
- Dchest muscles tire less easily.
17Above what respiratory rate would a 10-year-old child be considered to be breathing abnormally fast?
- A36/min
- B24/min
- C20/min
- D32/min
18According to the pediatric assessment triangle, which of the following is used to assess the work of breathing when forming a general impression of the patient?
- AAuscultating the lung sounds
- BPresence of grunting, stridor, wheezing, and crowing
- CHeart rate
- DSkin color
19What age should a pediatric patient be before blood pressures are routinely utilized?
- A3 years
- B1 month
- C5 years
- D1 year
20According to the pediatric assessment triangle, which of the following is used to assess circulation to the skin?
- ASkin color
- BCapillary refill time
- CSkin temperature
- DPeripheral pulses
21A 4-year-old male patient presents with stridor, a cough, and hoarseness when speaking. The paramedic should:
- Abegin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- Bplace the patient in a position of comfort and transport immediately.
- Cperform a series back blows followed by a series of chest thrusts.
- Dperform a series of abdominal thrusts.
22You are suctioning a 10-year-old female patient's airway following the patient having vomited. The patient has a decreased level of consciousness. You should:
- Asuction no deeper than you can see.
- Bstimulate the vagus nerve.
- Cuse the largest flexible catheter available.
- Ddecrease suction pressure to less than 100 mmHg.
23An 8-year-old male patient presents with pale, cool, clammy skin; tachycardia and tachypnea; a weak peripheral pulse; and a decreased level of consciousness. The parents say the patient has been sick and vomiting with diarrhea for several days. According to his vitals, he is at the tail end of compensated shock, and his pulse oximeter reading is 90%. Your treatment should include:
- Aadministration of supplemental oxygen and establishment of IV access for a 20 mL/kg bolus of normal saline.
- Bestablishment of IV access for a 100 mL/kg bolus of lactated Ringer's.
- CBlow-by oxygen and rapid transport in a position of comfort.
- Dintubation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and establishment of IV access for a wide-open bolus of normal saline.
24A 7-year-old child is in cardiac arrest after experiencing respiratory arrest. Treatment for this patient should NOT include:
- Aepinephrine administration every 10 minutes in the pediatric patient.
- Bplacement of an IV.
- Cplacement of an advanced airway.
- Dadministration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
25What is the oxygenation goal for a pediatric patient receiving oxygen?
- ASpO2 of 94 percent or greater
- BSpO2 of 95 percent or greater except newborns, who should always receive 100% O2 until reaching the emergency department (ED) regardless of SpO2
- CSpO2 of 100 percent for pediatric patients without a history of pulmonary disease
- DA heart rate of 100 is reached
26When performing ventilation on an infant receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it may likely be necessary to:
- Autilize a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device.
- Bperform a needle cricothyrotomy.
- Chyperextend the neck to open the airway.
- Docclude the pop-off valve.
27When does respiratory failure occur?
- AThe patient experiences an increase in arterial carbon dioxide tension.
- BThe patient experiences increased work of breathing.
- CThe cessation of breathing follows a period of bradypnea and agonal respirations.
- DThe respiratory system is unable to meet the body's demands for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.
28If present, which of the following findings should alert the paramedic that a child is in respiratory failure?
- AProfound cyanosis
- BHead bobbing
- CGrunting
- DRetractions
29You are caring for a 2-year-old child who has been sick with a fever, diarrhea, and vomiting for 24 hours. To assess perfusion, which of these would provide you with the least reliable information about dehydration?
- ADryness of mucous membranes
- BWarmth and color of skin
- CMental status
- DBlood pressure (BP)
30Which of the following presentations is most consistent with bronchiolitis?
- ARunny nose, sore throat, cough, and low-grade fever that progress to ear pain in 2 to 3 days
- BMild lower respiratory infection signs and symptoms that progressively deteriorate over 1 to 2 days to respiratory distress with fever, cough, tachypnea, crackles in the lungs, and wheezing
- CMild upper respiratory signs and symptoms that progress in 1 to 2 days to inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, and a "seal bark" cough at night
- DRapid onset of high fever, dyspnea, inspiratory stridor, and drooling
31In the secondary assessment of a 7-year-old child with difficulty breathing and a history of reactive airway disease, which of the following would give the paramedic the least amount of relevant information about the patient's ventilation and oxygenation?
- AListening to the breath sounds
- BPediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score
- CPalpating the abdomen
- DPulse oximetry reading
32A seven-year-old female patient who was drowning in a pond was rescued and resuscitated prior to your arrival. It is a cold day, and the water soaking the patient's clothing is very cold. What can you assume for this patient?
- AThe child experienced drowning without morbidity.
- BHaving been resuscitated, the child will suffer no ill effects from anoxia.
- CThe child is not in danger of neurological deficits because she only experienced a near drowning.
- DThe low temperature of the water might have helped protect the child against brain injury.
33Which of the following actions should you take if you suspect that your pediatric patient is a victim of abuse?
- AReport your findings to the appropriate authorities, including to the receiving hospital personnel.
- BRequest a social services follow-up visit for after the child is discharged from the hospital.
- CTell the parents that you are obligated by law to contact law enforcement and that they need to stay on the scene until law enforcement arrives.
- DContact medical direction to report your suspicions and request direction about contacting law enforcement.
34Which of the following findings seems least consistent with child abuse?
- ABilateral foot burns in a 6-month-old
- BBruises on both knees of a 5-year-old
- CBite marks on the shoulder of a 1-year-old
- DCircumoral ecchymosis of a 3-month-old
35What term is used to describe the situation in which a child is regularly threatened, yelled at, or humiliated but not otherwise harmed?
- ASocial abuse
- BPsychological abuse
- CPhysical abuse
- DSexual abuse
36Which of these statements is true?
- AThe victims of sexual abuse typically do not know the perpetrators.
- BThe paramedic always must report suspected sexual abuse to the appropriate authorities and the medical personnel who will be assuming care of the patient.
- CSomething is not sexual abuse unless it involves an overt act involving physically touching the victim.
- DSexual abuse typically causes physical harm and so rarely goes unreported for long.
37Which of these statements best describes why paramedics should be knowledgeable about pediatric patients who are dependent on medical technology?
- AEmergency medical technicians (EMTs) must be able to make emergency repairs or adjustments to life-sustaining equipment.
- BEmergency medical services (EMS) may be called when the medical condition worsens or a medical device fails.
- CEMS providers are involved in routine home health care of patients with special medical challenges.
- DA public health function of EMS is to make routine checks of specialized medical devices.
38What is a common complication of a tracheostomy tube that a mucus plug may cause?
- AAir embolism
- BObstruction
- CAltered mental status
- DAir leakage
39You are on scene with a pediatric patient who is obtunded due to a congenital brain defect. As you are assessing the patient, you note that she has a gastric feeding tube and currently is hooked up to a machine that is delivering a feeding. You have not seen this type of pump before and have little experience with gastric tubes. What action should you take?
- ATake the equipment with the patient.
- BTurn off the equipment in preparation for transport.
- CDisable any alarms on the equipment in preparation for transport.
- DAsk the patient and caregivers about the device.
40When responding to a report of a patient with difficulty breathing, you find a pediatric male about 3 years old in a hospital bed at home. He is cared for 24 hours a day by his parents. You note a small, round tube that exits from the patient's neck, through which he is breathing. Given this finding, which of these devices does the patient most likely have?
- ADual lumen catheter
- BTracheostomy tube
- CAirway catheter
- DEndotracheal tube
41JumpSTART provides a framework for triage decisions that is:
- Abiased
- Bobjective
- Cemotional
- Dunjust
42Which of the following best identifies the age group of patients who should be triaged by using the JumpSTART system?
- ASchool-age and adolescent children
- BPatients who look younger than a young adult
- CToddlers and preschoolers
- DInfants, toddlers, and preschoolers
43Which statement best describes the purpose of the JumpSTART triage method?
- ATo find and treat all of a patient's injuries before moving him or her
- BTo treat all patients as they are discovered
- CTo do the most good for the greatest number of patients
- DTo treat the youngest, healthiest patients first
44High winds blew down a tent at an outdoor high school graduation reception. A fire started from the fuel used for the hot buffet. Several people were injured by the tent collapse, and several patients have burns. The first patient you triage is a 3-year-old girl. She is not breathing. You open her airway, but she does not start breathing. What is the next action?
- ACheck the patient's pulse.
- BCategorize the patient as black.
- CStart cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), beginning with chest compressions.
- DDeliver five rescue breaths.
45You are called to a residence for a 7-year-old child in hypovolemic shock. You note evidence of severe dehydration, hypoxia, and malnutrition. The child is wearing dirty clothes and appears to be unwashed. The child's home is visibly unclean. What is your immediate priority?
- ATreat the child for shock, administering oxygen and establishing IV access for the replacement of fluids.
- BCall in law enforcement to take the caregivers into custody for neglect while maintaining a safe distance.
- CImmediately call in the case as child abuse.
- DCarefully question the child's caregivers about the child's circumstances.
46You respond to a call for a 10-year-old patient who hit a road sign while traveling at high speed on a bicycle. The child is unconscious with no eye opening or motor or verbal response and has a severe contusion to the head. You note elevated blood pressure but a depressed heart rate with decreasing, deep respirations and an SpO2 of 92 percent. What do you assess as the problem, and how do you manage this patient?
- ASevere traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence intubation and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility
- BMild traumatic brain injury with decreasing intracranial pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility
- CModerate traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial pressure, to be managed with endotracheal intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility
- DSevere traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility
47You note gastric distention in a 6-month-old patient experiencing respiratory failure you are attempting to ventilate but for whom you are not able to achieve adequate tidal volume. What do you do?
- AAdminister a neuromuscular blocker.
- BPlace a laryngeal mask airway.
- CInsert a 12 French nasogastric tube.
- DInsert an 8.0 French nasogastric tube.
48A 12-year-old patient collided face first with another child while both were riding bikes. The patient bit his tongue when his jaw was struck and received a black right eye and bloody nose. He is alert and oriented, and after you suction some blood from his airway appears to have no respiratory compromise, with respirations clear bilaterally and 20/minute. Your index of suspicion should be high for what other injury?
- ASevere traumatic brain injury
- BDental
- CChest
- DCervical spine
Información
- Descripción
- paramedic Pediatrics Test sobre Pediatrics (6th edition), creado por Jake Anderson el 04/09/2023.
- Autor
- Jake Anderson
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 36
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test