Test
Blood MCQs Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Preguntas del test (97)
1Blood clotting:
- Arequires Ca2+
- Bis promoted by erythrocytes
- Cdefects usually prolong the bleeding time
- Dis initiated by tissue tromboplastin in the intrinsic coagulation pathway
- Eis decreased by platelets
2B-lymphocytes:
- Asecrete circulating antibodies
- Bcarry antigen receptors on their surface
- Csecrete antigens
- Dsecrete IGF-1
- Esecrete fibrinogen
3Red blood cells:
- Ameasure 15 mm in diameter
- Bdo not contain mitochondria
- Chave a life span in circulation of 30 days
- Dare released from the bone marrow as mature cells
- Econtain nucleus
4The following is true about the ABO and Rh systems
- AA person of group O is a universal recipient
- BA person who is group AB has anti-A and anti-B antibodies
- CThe presence of D antigen means that the subject is Rh(+)
- DRh antibodies occur naturally
- EThe person of group A has anti-A antibodies
5Which of the following helps in blood clotting?
- AVit. B1
- BVit. B2
- CVit. D
- DVit. K
- EVit. B6
6The function of hemoglobin is:
- ATransport of oxygen
- BDestruction of bacteria
- CPrevention of anaemia
- DUtilization of energy
- ETransport of CO
7Which of the following substances is an anticoagulant?
- ACa2+
- BHeparin
- CFibrinogen
- DAlbumin
- EGamma-Globulins
8What are the agglutinins?
- Aantibodies
- Bantigens
- Cbeta-globulins
- Damino acids
- Elipids
9Which of the following substance influences indirectly blood clotting?
- Acalcium ions
- Bvit. K and vit. C
- Cvit. B6 and vit. K
- Dmineralocorticoids
- Erenin
10For which of the following cells phagocytosis is not typical?
- Aneurotrophins
- Bplasmocytes
- Cmonocytes
- Deosinophils
- Emacrophages
11Normal (physiological) hemolysis takes place:
- Ainside the heart
- Binside the spleen and liver
- Cinside the kidneys
- Dinside the big blood vessels
- Einside the bone marrow
12Which of the following are functions of the blood?
- Atransport
- Bregulation
- Cprotection
- Dtemperature regulation
- Eall of the above
13The blood volume of an average size male is:
- A3 to 4 liters
- B4 to 5 liters
- C5 to 6 liters
- D6 to 7 liters
- E7 to 9 liters
14The blood volume is:
- A10-12% of body weight
- B10l
- C6-8% of body weight
- D5l
- E3-5% of body weight
15The effects on plasma volume of 500 ml blood loss are neutralized within:
- A1-2 hours
- B8-10 hours
- C24 hours
- Done week
- Eone month
16Antithrombin III affects which coagulation factor?
- AXIIa
- BXa
- CIIa
- DIXa
- Eall of the above
17Vitamin K neutralizes:
- Afactor 5
- Bheparin
- Cantithrombin 3
- Dplasminogen
- Enone of the above
18Platelet activation will not occur without:
- ACa2+
- BVessel wall damage
- CVon Willebrand factor
- DFibrinogen
- ESerotonin
19Complement activation requires:
- Aantigen-antibody complex
- Bopsonization of bacteria
- Chelper T-Cells
- Dprevious exposure to antigen
- Eplasma proteins
20For a T-cell to recognize a foreign antigen:
- Aopsonization
- Bthe antigen presenting cell identifies the antigen
- Cneeds T-helper cells
- Dprior exposure to antigen required
- Enone of the above
21Hemoglobin contains:
- Aone protoporphyrin ring and four ferrous ions
- Bfour protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
- Cfour protoporphyrin rings and four ferrous ions
- Done protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
- Enone of the above
22Which blood component plays the biggest role in maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood?
- Aalbumin
- Bcarbon dioxide
- Cwhite blood cells
- Dfibrinogen
- Eglobulins
23In a normal blood sample, which of the following cells will be the most abundant?
- Aneutrophils
- Bbasophiles
- Ceosinophiles
- Dmonocytes
- Elymphocytes
24An antigen:
- AA chemical messenger that is released by virus infected cells
- BA lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated immunity
- CSomething that coats the inside of lungs, causing infection
- DA protein or other molecule that is recognized as non-self
- EA thick yellow-white fluid
25Where is the site of maturation for a B-cell?
- Athymus
- Bbone marrow
- Cpancreas
- Dcortex
- Espleen
26Nonspecific resistance is:
- Athe body's ability to ward off diseases
- Bthe body's defenses against any kind of pathogen
- Cthe body's defense against a particular pathogen
- Dthe lack of resistance
- Enone of the above
27Which gland shrinks in size during adulthood, and has hormones that function in the maturation of T-lymphocytes:
- Alymph nodes
- Bthymus
- Cspleen
- Dpineal gland
- Etonsils
28 The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation is increased when:
- Athe plasma albumin fraction is increased
- Bfibrinogen in the blood is decreased
- Cthe plasma globulin fraction is decreased
- Dthe plasma globulin fraction is increased
- Elack of erythropoietin
29Agglutinins are found in:
- Athe erythrocytes membrane
- Bthe leukocytes
- Cthe plasma
- Dthe platelets
- Eall of the above
30γ-globulins are related to:
- AHumoral Immunity
- BBlood Coagulation
- CTransport of gases by the blood
- DErythropoiesis
- ECellular Immunity
31Oxyhemoglobin is a compound of:
- Ahemoglobin and 02
- Bhemoglobin and CO2
- Chemoglobin and Fe2+
- Dhemoglobin and CO
- Ehemoglobin and N
32The amount of plasma proteins is:
- A135-145 mmol.1-1
- B140-160 g.1-1
- C55-85 g.1-1
- D2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
- E0.40-0.50 1.1-1
33The plasma of blood type AB contains:
- Aanti-A agglutinins
- Banti-B agglutinins
- Canti-A and anti-B agglutinins
- Dno agglutinins
- Eagglutinogens A and B
34Osmotic hemolysis is due to:
- Awater hypotonic solution entering the erythrocytes
- Bdestruction of the erythrocyte membrane by chemicals
- Cfibrinolysis
- Dformation of carbaminohemoglobin
- Etransformation of fibrinogen into fibrin
35Hypervolemia is:
- Aincreased blood volume
- Bdecreased blood volume
- Cincreased blood cholesterol
- Dincreased plasma proteins
- Eincreased blood pressure
36Leucopenia is:
- Aincreased number of leukocytes
- Bincreased number of platelets
- Cdecreased number of leucocytes
- Dincreased number of erythrocytes
- Edecreased number of platelets
37When AB(0) blood is transfused to a recipient of blood type 0 (anti-A, anti-B):
- Athe limit of the blood transfused is up to 300 ml
- Bthe transfused amount is unlimited
- Ctransfusion is forbidden
- Dtransfusion of plasma is the only possibility
- Epossible only once in a lifetime
38Sodium citrate stops coagulation by:
- Ablocking fibrinogen
- Breacting with Ca2+
- Cmassive fibrinolysis
- Ddestruction of platelets
- Eblocking Vit. K
39The normal erythrocyte count is:
- A140-160.10^9.1-1
- B4-5.2.10^12.1-1
- C4-11.10^9.1-1
- D200-400.10^9.1-1
- E0.40-0.50 1.1-1
40Leucocytosis is:
- Aincreased number of leukocytes
- Bincreased number of platelet
- Cdecreased number of leucocytes
- Dincreased number of erythrocytes
- Eincreased percentage of neutrophils
41Platelets take part in:
- Athe immune defense
- Bthe transport of gases in blood
- Chomeostasis
- Drenin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- Eall of the above
42The normal values of hemoglobin are:
- A4-5.5.10^12.1-1
- B135-145 mmol.1-1
- C140-160 g.1-1
- D2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
- E140-160 g%
43Of major significance for maintaining the blood oncotic pressure is:
- Athe number of erythrocytes
- Bthe plasma globulin fraction
- Cthe leukocyte count
- Dthe plasma albumin fraction
- Ethe plasmafibrinogen
44The red color of blood is due to:
- AThe plasma cholesterol
- BThe plasma albumin fraction
- CCa2+ and K+ in plasma
- DThe granules in the leucocytes
- EThe hemoglobin in the erythrocytes
45The normal blood platelet count is:
- A4-11.10^9.1-1
- B4.4-5.2 10^12.1-1
- C60-90.10^12.1-1
- D200-400.10^9.1-1
- E200-400.10^12.1-1
46Fibrinolysis is:
- AFormation of the white plug
- BFormation of the red plug
- CFibrin clot destruction
- DViscose metamorphosis of the platelets
- EDestruction of adrenal medulla
47When blood is transfused from 0(anti-A, anti-B) donor to AB(0) recipient:
- Athe amount is up to 500 ml
- Bthe amount is unlimited
- Ctransfusion is impossible
- Donly plasma may be transfused
- Eonly once in a lifetime
48The osmotic fragility is determined by the use of:
- AHypotonic solution of NaCl
- BHypertonic solution of NaCl
- CHCl
- DNaOH
- ECelloscope
49Heparin is:
- Aa factor transforming prothrombin into thrombin
- Bplatelet factor 8
- Cendogenic anticoagulant
- Dexogenic anticoagulant
- Epancreatic enzyme
50The plasma protein fraction of major significance for coagulation is:
- Aalbumin
- Bglobulin
- Cfibrinogen
- Dγ-globulin
- Eglobulin and albumin
51The normal range of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) is:
- A2.4-2.6 mmol.1-1
- B140-160 g.1-1
- C1st hour: men- 3-8 mm; women- 5-10 mm
- D0.55-1.48 g.1-1
- E0.40-0.50 1.1-1
52Of major significance for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is:
- Athe leukocyte count
- Bthe albumin/globulin ratio
- Ctotal blood cholesterol
- Dthe platelet count
- Ethe leukocytes ratio (%)
53The normal leukocyte count is:
- A200-400.10^9.1-1
- B4.0-11.10^9.1-1
- C4.5-5.2.10^12.1-1
- D60-90.10^9.1-1
- E20-40% of all blood cells
54Fe2+ ions are necessary for:
- Athe production of fibrinogen
- Berythropoiesis
- Cthe formation of leukocytes
- Dthe formation of platelets
- Ethe synthesis of thyreocalcitonin
55The percentage of Rh(+) people is:
- A15%
- B85%
- C50%
- D30%
- E15% of pregnant women
56The normal hematocrit range in men is:
- A0.40-0.50 1.1-1
- B2.4-2.6 mnol.1-1
- C0.55-1.48 mmol.1-1
- D140 - 160 g.1-1
- E4.5-5.5.10^12.1-1
57Hematocrit measures the percentage of:
- Awhite blood cells
- Bplasma
- Cplatelets
- Dred blood cells
- Eserum proteins
58To prevent blood loss after a tissue injury, blood vessels first:
- Aform a platelet plug
- Bform a clot
- Cinitiate the coagulation cascade
- Dconstrict and form barriers
- Edilate
59A foreign substance, usually a protein, that stimulates the immune system to react by producing antibodies is called:
- Aallergen
- Bantigen
- Chistamine
- Dmast cell
- Einterferon
60When neutrophils and macrophages squeeze out of capillaries to fight off infection, it is called:
- Aphagocytosis
- Bhemolysis
- Cinterleukin
- Ddiapedesis
- Efolliculitis
61Each of the following is a component of plasma except:
- Awater
- Bproteins
- Cformed elements
- Dnutrients
- Esalts
62Extracellular fluid in adults differs from intracellular fluid in that its:
- Avolume is greater
- Btonicity is lower
- CNa+ concentration is lower
- Dsodium: potassium molar ratio is higher
- EpH is lower
63Total body water, expressed as a percentage of body weight:
- Acan be measured with an indicator dilution technique to deuterium oxide
- Bis smaller on average in women than in men
- Crises following injection of posterior pituitary extracts
- Dis less than 80 per cent in young adults
- Eall of the above
64Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body:
- Aoccurs when they are 6-8 weeks old
- Bis named erythropoiesis
- Cyields iron, most of which is excreted in the urine
- Dyields bilirubin which is carried by plasma protein to the liver
- Eis required for the synthesis of bile salts
65A person with group A blood
- Ahas anti-A antibody in the plasma
- Bmay have the genotype AB
- Cmay have a parent with group O blood
- Dmay have children with group A or group O blood only
- Ewhose partner is also A can only have children of group A
66Blood platelets are:
- Areleasing factors promoting blood clotting
- Badhering together to form plugs when exposed to collagen
- C200-400.10^9.1^-1
- Dreleasing factors causing vasoconstriction
- Eall of the above
67Plasma bilirubin:
- Ais a steroid pigment
- Bis converted to biliverdin in the liver
- Cdoes not normally cross cerebral capillary walls
- Dis freely filtered in the renal glomerulus
- Ehas red colour
68Monocytes:
- Aoriginate from precursor cells in lymph nodes
- Bcan Increase in number when their parent cells are stimulated by factors released from activated lymphocytes
- Cunlike granulocytes, do not migrate across capillary walls
- Dtake part in homeostasis
- Emanufacture immunoglobulin M
69Erythrocytes:
- Aare responsible for the major part of blood viscosity
- Bcontain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase
- Cmetabolize glucose to produce CO2 and H2O
- Dcarry 02 and CO2
- Eall of the above
70Human plasma albumin:
- Acontributes more to plasma colloid osmotic pressure than globulin
- Bcan not filter freely at the glomerulus
- Cis negatively charged at the normal pH of blood
- Dcarries sex hormones in blood
- Eall of the above
71Neutrophil granulocytes:
- Aare the most common leukocyte in normal blood
- Bcontain proteolytic enzymes
- Ccontain actin and myosin microfilaments
- Dare present in high concentration in pus
- Eall of the above
72Bleeding from a small cut in the skin:
- Ais normally diminished by local vascular spasm
- Bceases within about five minutes in normal people
- Cis greater from warm skin than from cold skin
- Dis reduced if the affected limb is elevated
- Eall of the above
73Circulating red blood cells:
- Aare about 1 per cent nucleated
- Btake part in immunity
- Care distributed evenly across the blood stream in large blood vessels
- Ddeform as they pass through the capillaries
- Etravel at slower velocity in venules than in capillaries
74Lymphocytes:
- Aare motile
- Bcan transform into plasma cells
- Cincrease in number during infection
- Ddecrease in number during immunosuppressive drug therapy
- Eall of the above
75Blood:
- Amakes up about 3% of body weight
- Bforms a higher percentage of body weight in fat than in thin people
- Csqueezes out serum when it clots
- Dvolume can be calculated by multiplying plasma volume by the haematocrit (expressed as a percentage)
- Evolume rises after diuretic is taken
76The pH:
- Aof arterial blood normally ranges from 7.2 to 7.6
- Bunits express [H+] in moles/litre
- Cof blood is directly proportional to the pCO2
- Dof blood is directly proportional to [HCO3-]
- Eof arterial blood is lower than venous blood
77Blood eosinophils:
- Ahave agranular cytoplasm
- Bare about a quarter of all leukocytes
- Care relatively abundant in the mucosa of the respiratory, urinary and alimentary tracts
- Dare 50-70% of all leukocytes
- Eincrease in number in viral infections
78Lymph:
- Adoesn't contain plasma proteins
- Bvessels are involved in the absorption of amino acids from the intestine
- Cproduction decreases during muscular activity
- Ddoes not normally contain cells
- Eflow is aided by contraction of adjacent skeletal muscles
79Blood platelets:
- Aare formed in the bone marrow
- Bare normally more numerous than white cells
- Cincrease in number after injury and surgery
- Dalter shape when in contact with collagen
- Eall of the above
80An appropriate dilution indicator for measuring:
- Atotal body water is sucrose
- Bplasma volume is radioactive sodium
- Cextracellular fluid volume is inulin
- Dintracellular fluid volume directly is heavy water (deuterium oxide)
- Etotal body water is radioactive iodine
81Excessive tissue fluid (oedema) in the legs may:
- Abe associated with a raised extracellular fluid volume
- Bresult from hepatic disease
- Cresult from blockage of pelvic lymphatics
- Dincrease local interstitial thud pressure
- Eall of the above
82Haemolytic disease of the new born:
- Acan be prevented by injecting the mother with anti-D agglutinins just after delivery
- Baffects mainly babies of Rh-positive mothers
- Coccurs mainly in babies who lack D agglutinogen
- Dcauses jaundice which clears rapidly alter birth
- Ecan be treated by transfusing the affected baby with Rh-positive blood
83Patients with moderate to severe anaemia have a reduced:
- Acardiac output
- Bincidence of vascular bruits
- C2:3-diphosphoglycerate blood level
- Darterial pO2
- Ecapacity to raise oxygen consumption in exercise
84Iron deficiency:
- Afrequently follows persistent loss of blood from the body
- Bis more common in men than in women
- Cmay cause anaemia by inhibiting the rate of multiplication of RBC stem cells
- Dmay cause large pale erythrocytes to appear in peripheral blood
- Eanaemia should normally be treated by injections of iron
85Severe reactions are likely after transfusion of blood group:
- AA to a group B person
- BO to a group AB person
- CO to a group A person
- DA to a group AB person
- EO Rh- negative to a group AB Rh-positive person
86The haematocrit (packed cell volume):
- Amay be obtained by centrifugation of blood donation
- Bmay be calculated by multiplying the mean cell volume by the red cell count
- Crises in a patient who sustains widespread burns
- Drises following vomiting
- Eall of the above
87Red cell formation is increased:
- Ain blood donors one week after a blood donation
- Bin patients with haemolytic anaemia
- Cby giving injections of erythropoietin to nephrectomized patients
- Din patients who have a raised blood reticulocyte count
- Eall of the above
88Respiratory alkalosis differs from metabolic alkalosis in that the:
- Apatient has hyperventilation
- Barterial blood [HCO3-] is normal or low
- Carterial blood pCO2 is reduced
- Dreduction in cerebral blood flow is greater
- Eall of the above
89Red blood cells would swell in which type of solution?
- Ahypotonic
- Bisotonic
- Chypertonic
- Dhydrophilic
- Elipophilic
90The most abundant type of protein in plasma is:
- Ainsulin
- Bglobulin
- Calbumin
- Dglycogen
- Efibrinogen
91The number of oxygen molecules carried by one Hb molecule:
- A1
- B2
- C4
- D8
- E3
92Majority of clotting factors are produced in:
- Aliver
- Bkidney
- Cheart
- Dbrain
- Emuscle
93Cellular immunity is due to:
- AB lymphocytes
- BT lymphocytes
- Cneutrophils
- Deosinophils
- Eerythrocytes
94Action of plasmin is:
- Ato remove calcium
- Bantithrombin action
- Cto stimulate heparin
- Dto degenerate fibrin
- Eto produce plug
95Which is the most rare blood group:
- AA Rh+
- BAB Rh+
- CAB Rh-
- DB Rh-
- EO Rh+
96Hematocrit of 45% means that in the sample of blood analysed:
- A45% Hb is in the plasma
- B45% of total blood volume is made up of plasma
- C45% of Hb is in the RBC
- D45% of the total blood volume is made up of RBC's and WBC's
- E45% of blood volume is made of Tr
97Which of the following statements concerning the monocyte is incorrect:
- Amore common in blood than eosinophils and basophils
- Bproduced in the adult by the bone marrow and lymph nodes
- Cunlike neutrophil does not accumulate outside circulation in area of inflammation
- Dnot classified as a granulocyte
- E28% of differential blood count
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- Blood MCQs
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