Test
HW4
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Preguntas del test (50)
1_____ memories are to experiences as _____ memories are to facts.
- AProcedural : semantic
- BEpisodic : semantic
- CSemantic : implicit
- DImplicit : episodic
2Suppose you have been studying for your Japanese vocabulary test for several hours and are making many
mistakes. You switch to studying for your biology mid-term and do much better. You are experiencing;- Abiological independence.
- Bthe self-reference effect.
- Cdisinhibition.
- Dretroactive inhibition
- Erelease from proactive interference.
3These multiple choice questions are examples of a _____ test.
- Aword-completion
- Brecognition memory
- Cpersonal semantic memory
- Drecall memory
4Your text discusses how episodic and semantic memories are interconnected. This revealed that when we
experience events;- Asemantic and episodic memories about events tend to last about the same time in LTM.
- Bsemantic memory of events is enhanced when it is not interfered with by associated
episodic content. - Cepisodic memory for events lasts longer than semantic memory for events.
- Dthe knowledge making up semantic memories is initially attained through a personal
experience based in episodic memory.
5Our brief sensory memory for sound is called _____ memory.
- Aiconic
- Bauditory
- Cechoic
- Dlinguistic
6Lamar is attending a company function at his new workplace. His supervisor introduces him to his new coworkers
in small groups over the course of the event, introducing each of the coworkers by first name. At the end of the
event, Lamar realizes he can only remember the names of the people in the last group of people he met. This is an
example of;- Aproactive interference.
- Bthe cocktail party effect.
- Cphonological similarity.
- Dretroactive interference.
7Wickens’ “fruit, meat, and professions” experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the
“fruit” group because;- Atomatoes are actually fruit.
- Bthe response task changed.
- Cthe stimulus category remained the same.
- Dthe stimulus category changed.
- Ethe response task remained the same.
8Work with brain injured patients such as Clive and Henry reveals that _____ memory does not depend on
conscious awareness.- Adeclarative and non-declarative
- Bpersonal semantic and remote
- Cimplicit and procedural
- Dsemantic and episodic
9Which of the following is NOT an example of implicit memory?
- AProcedural memory.
- BClassical conditioning.
- CSemantic memory.
- DRepetition priming.
10Your text describes an Italian woman who after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty remembering people or
facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily happenings. Her memory deficit
reflects;- Aintact procedural memory, but defective episodic memory.
- Bintact semantic but defective episodic memory.
- Cintact episodic memory, but defective semantic memory.
- Dintact episodic memory, but defective procedural memory.
11The primacy effect is attributed to;
- Aforgetting of early items in a list as they are replaced by later items
- Brecall of info still active in STM.
- Crecall of info stored in LTM.
- Da type of rehearsal that improves memory for all items in a list.
12An experimental task with the instructions “Read the following word list while repeating “the” out-loud, look way,
and then write down the words from the list” would most likely be studying;- Acentral executive processing.
- Bechoic memory.
- Cthe visuospatial sketchpad.
- Darticulatory suppression.
13A property of control processes in the modal model of attention of memory is that they;
- Amay differ from one task to another.
- Bare difficult to modify.
- Cdo not require attention.
- Dare performed without conscious
awareness.
14Info in sensory memory remains there before decaying for;
- Aas long as it’s rehearsed.
- Bseconds or a fraction of a second.
- C15 - 18 seconds.
- D1 - 3 minutes.
15The statement “The Beatles broke up in the early 1970’s” is an example of what kind of memory?
- AAutobiographical
- BSemnatic
- CEpisodic
- DProcedural
16The predominant type of coding in LTM is;
- Aconcrete
- Bsemantic
- Cphonological
- Dimplicit
17In Sperling’s study of iconic memory, compared to the whole report task, the partial report task involves;
- Aa smaller stimulus set.
- Ba smaller response set.
- Ca longer response delay.
- Da shorter response delay.
18The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true;
- Aonly when we disagree with them.
- Bunless we are told explicitly that the statements are false.
- Conly when we agree with them.
- Dsimply because we’ve been exposed to them before.
- Eonly when we are aware we’ve seen them before
19Explicit memory is to _____, as implicit memory is to _____.
- Aself : other
- Bsemantic : episodic
- Cawareness : unawareness
- Dprimacy : recency
20Given what you have learned about how the phonological loop works, which of the following lists would be the
MOST difficult for people to retain for 15 seconds?- AMAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP
- BBIP, TEK, LAN, MOD, RIY
- CSAY, BET, PIN, COW, RUG
- DPIG, DOG, CAT, RAT, HEN
21When studying the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds;
- Aincreases both primacy and recency.
- Bdecreases the recency effect.
- Chas no effect on the curve.
- Dincreases the primacy effect.
22A person with a brain injury resulting in impaired episodic memory would most likely have the greatest difficulty;
- Aremembering having aced the final in her Cognitive Psychology class.
- Brecalling where to find eating utensils in the kitchen.
- Crecognizing famous people.
- Dremembering the meanings of words.
23Imagine that you’re walking to class, starting at the Psychology department, and form a mental picture of the route
you take to the lecture hall from the department office. Your ability to perform this mental feat relies upon;- Athe visuospatial sketch pad.
- Bthe familiarity effect.
- Cthe phonological loop.
- Ddelayed response coding.
24Working memory (WM) differs from short-term memory in that;
- AWM both holds and processes
information. - BSTM has unlimited capacity.
- CSTM consists of multiple components.
- DWM has unlimited capacity.
- AWM both holds and processes
25The dramatic case of Clive Wearing clearly illustrates that _____ is crucial for formation of explicit memories, and
that the _____ is important for the formation of implicit memories.- Abasal ganglia : frontal lobes
- Bhippocampus : basal ganglia
- Cbasal ganglia : hippocampus
- Damygdala : frontal lobes
26Your text discusses the case of Henry Molaison, who underwent brain surgery as a teenager to relieve severe
epilepsy. Henry’s case has been extremely important for psychology by demonstrating that;- Aimpairment of one (STM or LTM) leads to impairment of the other.
- BSTM can operate normally while LTM is impaired.
- CLTM can operate normally while STM is impaired.
- Da double dissociation exists for STM and LTM.
27Chandra has frontal lobe trauma. She is being tested on a problem solving task to assess the nature of her deficits.
She is choosing a red object out of others of different color. However, when the doctor asks her to now pick out the
blue object, she continues to pick our the red object, even after the doctor tells her she’s made an incorrect choice.
Chandra is displaying evidence of;- Aperseveration.
- Bvisual agnosia.
- Csensory decay.
- Diconic memory.
28Imagine you’re driving to a friend’s new apartment. As you drive you rehearse the address until you arrive. Once
there, you start thinking about a nice house-warming gift for your friend. To remember her new address you used
a(n) _____ process in STM.- Acontrol
- Bsensory
- Cencoding
- Dautomatic
29Which of the following is NOT a conclusion based on the cases of Clive Wearing and Henry Molaison?
- ASTM and LTM can operate independently.
- BSTM and LTM are controlled by different mechanisms.
- CImplicit memory relies on the basal ganglia pathway.
- DLTM is unaffected by hippocampus damage.
- EThe hippocampus is necessary for formation of new LTMs.
30Peterson & Peterson found their participants could remember the three letter strings (like QEX and RDZ) with 80%
accuracy after 3 seconds, but only about 12% accuracy after 18 seconds. They concluded this performance
decrease was due to _____, but Keppel & Underwood later showed it was due to _____.- Adecay : lack of rehearsal
- Bpriming : interference
- Cdecay : interference
- Dinterference : decay
31Carrie answers the phone with “Hello?” The response “Hi, Carrie!” comes from the other end of the line. Carrie
responds with “Hi, Dad!” Carrie processed the response “Hi, Carrie” using an;- Aechoic code in SM.
- Bauditory code in LTM.
- Cechoic code in WM.
- Dauditory code in STM.
32Murdoch’s “remembering a list” experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for
_____ of a list.- Athe middle words
- Bboth the first and last words
- Cthe first words
- Dthe last words
33Research seems to indicate that the duration of STM, when rehearsal is prevented, is;
- Aindefinite.
- B15 - 20 seconds.
- Cjust under a fraction of a second.
- D1 - 3 minutes.
34According to Endel Tulving, the defining property of episodic memory is that it;
- Ainvolves both explicit and implicit memory.
- Binvolves mental time travel.
- Caccesses knowledge about the world that doesn’t have to be linked to a specific personal
experience. - Dalways corresponds to events from our past that actually happened.
35According to Baddeley & Hitch’s model of working memory, which of the following tasks would LEAST affect a
person’s driving performance on an unfamiliar winding road?- AImagining what an interesting painting from a museum looks like
- BRemembering a map of the area they’re driving in.
- CMentally picture how many knobs are on their kitchen stove.
- DThinking about the definition of an unusual word they just learned.
36Lucy is helping Kendra get used to her new racing bicycle. She explains that the shifters and brake levers are
integrated, and that different actions with the levers either shift the gears, or activate the brakes. These skills that
Lucy has acquired from her own experience with cycling are an example of _____ memory- Aworking
- Bprocedural
- Csemantic
- Dautobiographical
37It’s easier to do two mental tasks at the same time if;
- Aboth are handled by the phonological loop.
- Bthe central executive is distracted during the dual task.
- Cboth are handled by the sketchpad.
- Done is handled by the sketchpad, and the other by the phonological loop.
38According to subsequent research on George Miller’s proposal about the capacity of STM is 7 (plus or minus 2);
- Ameaningful units.
- Bwords.
- Csentences.
- Dletters or digits.
- Ephrases.
39A memory research participant is given a list of words to memorize. One week later she is tested on the list. If one
of the words was “Pear”, which of the following words, which actually didn’t occur on the memorized list, would
most likely be incorrectly recalled?- ABear
- BFear
- CPair
- DApple
- ERear
40Sperling’s experiment using the delayed partial report task demonstrate that;
- Ainformation in STM must be rehearsed to encode it into LTM.
- Bsensory memory has a limited capacity.
- CSTM and LTM are separate components of memory.
- Dinformation in visual sensory memory decays in less than a second.
41In an experiment where participants are briefly flashed (for approximately 50 ms) a sequence of letters and are then
told to write them down in the same sequence they were presented, it is most likely that the letter “P” will be
misidentified as;- A“I”
- B“R”
- C“S”
- D“C”
- E“L”
42In the classic Bill Murray move “Groundhog Day”, his character Phil Connors grows increasingly frustrated as he
experiences the same day over and over again. With each “new” day, he is able to respond to people’s actions more
and more quickly because of;- Adistributed practice.
- Bmental time travel.
- Creconsolidation
- Drepetition priming
43The word-length effect means it is more difficult to remember;
- Aa list of different length words than a list of same length words.
- Ba list of long words than a list of short words.
- Ca long list of words than a short list of words.
- Da list of same length words than a list of different length words.
44Failures of the modal model to explain some kinds of memory behaviors, such as rehearsal, challenged the model’s
conceptualization of;- Asensory memory.
- Bexplicit memory.
- Cshort term memory
- Dlong term memory.
- Eimplicit memory.
45Remembering that a tomato is actually a fruit rather than a vegetable is an example of _____ memory.
- Aiconic
- Bauditory
- Csemantic
- Depisodic
46Which of the following is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memory?
- AAutobiographical memory can involve both episodic and semantic content.
- BWhen autobiographical memory is impaired, episodic content will cause a blockage of
access to related semantic content. - CIt’s impossible to have an autobiographical memory that has only semantic or episodic
content but not both. - DAutobiographical memory is highly accurate from as early as 3 months of age.
47The primary function of “chunking” is to;
- Avisually supplement auditory info with visual encoding.
- Bmaximize the recency effect.
- Cincrease capacity of STM.
- Dincrease memory by grouping items based on sound.
48When the beam from a flashlight is moved quickly around on a wall in a dark room, it can appear as if there’s a
trail of light on the wall, even though the beam is at a given spot for only a fraction of a second. This experience
occurs because of- Atop-down processing.
- Bepisodic buffer.
- Cvisual persistence.
- Dechoic memory
49Models designed to explain mental functioning are constantly refined and modified to explain new results. Which
of the following exemplifies this concept based on the results presented in your textbook?- AReplacing the STM component of the modal model with working memory
- BReplacing the sensory memory component of the modal model with the episodic buffer.
- CReplacing the sensory memory component of the modal model with working memory.
- DReplacing the STM component of the modal model with iconic memory.
50Jill’s friends tell her they think she has a very good memory, so one day she decides to test herself on it. At work
each day her supervisor gives her a to-do list, but instead of checking them off the list, she decides to memorize the
list. On Monday she is able to memorize 90% of the tasks. On Tuesday her recall drops to 80%. By Friday it has
dropped to 30%. This drop in her memory performance is most likely due to;- Afailure of echoic memory.
- Bproactive interference.
- Canterograde amnesia.
- Dfailing to “chunk” the items on the list.
Información
- Descripción
- cognitive science Quiz on HW4, created by Nikhil Bajaj on 11/29/2016.
- Autor
- Nikhil Bajaj
- Idioma
- English
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