Fichas
Yoga Philosophy
Fichas del conjunto (109)
- 1What are Kleshas?Obstacles to liberation. The five reasons we are bound. Afflictions of the mind that prevent us from experiencing samadhi. These troubles, or afflictions, are known as the kleshas
- 2The five klesha's are...1. Avidya (misknowing/ignorance)
2. Asmita (ego-identification)
3. Raga (attachment to pleasure)
4. Dvesa (aversion of unpleasant)
5. Abinivesha (fear of death) - 31. AvidyaIgnorance of your true identity, which is the Divine Self.
Unreal cognition.
Path of pleasures of the impermanent.
One of the five Klesha's - 42. AsmitaEgoism. The 'I' feeling
One of the five Klesha's - 53. RagaAttachment to pleasure/pleasurable things. Likes.
One of the five Klesha's - 64. DvesaAversion to pain. Dislikes. Hatred.
One of the five Klesha's - 75. AbhinivesahFear of Death. Clinging to the body.
In Savasana we learn to let go of the body.
One of the five Klesha's - 8What is Prana and what does it mean?The life force.
Pra = moving. Na = always
Breath is the tool we use.
The restraining or controlling of the normal movement of breath, in order to restrain or control prana - 9What does Pranayama practice?Cleaning the 72000 nadis of the subtle body, vitalising the whole system. Being able to control and direct the prana. Final purpose = the awakening of cosmic consciousness
- 10Prana circulates in 5 directions in the body, performing different functions. These are...The five winds are
1. Prana vayu
2. Apana vayu
3. Samana vayu
4. Udana vayu
5. Vyana vayu - 111. Prana vayuDiaphragm to throat (up) with the seat in the heart. Regulates breathing, heart rate, circulation, speech.
- 122. Apana vayuFrom navel to feet (down) regulates urination, giving birth, moondays
- 133. Samana vayuBetween navel an diaphragm, balancing prana and apana vayu.
- 144. Udana vayuFrom base of throat up to top of head. Regulates coughing, swallowing, hiccup
- 155. Vyana vatuAll directions, bringing prana to each cell
- 16What does Kapalabhati and what does it mean?Its a Pranayama
Means Shining Skull
Frontal brain (subtle perception) cleansing - 17What means Bandha?Energy lock. To bind.
Also 'bound' to go somewhere.
The eye of the storm, the energy/prana is trapped and compressed towards the centre, then directed towards the next banda. - 18What are the 3 main bandha's?1. Mula bandha
2. Uddiyana bandha
3. Jalandhara bandha - 191. Mula bandhaRoot lock.
Lift the pelvic floor. Contract ur-anus. - 202. Uddiyana bandhaFlying up lock.
Pull the navel in and lift diaphragm under ribcage. - 213. Jalandhara bandhaNeck lock.
Bring the chest and chin together. - 22What is a Nadi? Name the 3 main onesSubtle channel for the flow of prana (life force). The flow through the 72.000 nadis animates the physical body.
1. Subhuman Nadi
2. Pingala Nadi
3. Ida Nadi - 23Sushumna NadiThe central energy channel.
The nadi of fire. Along the spine.
Prana travels up as Kundalini energy, awakening the 7 main chakras and uniting Pingala and Ina nadi in Ajna Chakra. - 24Pingala NadiRight
Ha/sun/male channel - 25Ida NadiLeft
Tha/moon/female channel - 26Hatha YogaWorking with the two energies, 2 main nadi's (Ha and Tha) uniting in Ajna chakra.
Awakening Kundalini at base of spine. Rising up and piercing through the chakra's. Pressing it up by using the bandhas. Removing the Grantis (blockages).
The 4th main path. Physical and purifying. - 27The yamas are practices that govern our behaviour towards others. There are five yamas...Restraints / restrictions
1. Ahimsa (nonviolence)
2. Satya (truthfulness)
3. Asteya (nonstealing)
4. Brahmacharya (sexual relations for enlightenment not for enhancing ego)
5. Aprigraha (greediness) - 281. AhimsaNon-harming/violence
(One of the Yamas, self restraints,
things not to do) - 292. SatyaTruthfulness
(One of the Yamas, self restraints,
things not to do) - 303. AsteyaNon-stealing/giving back
(One of the Yamas, self restraints,
things not to do) - 314. Brahmacharya'Reaching for Brahman'. Sexual relations should have intention of moving towards enlightenment, should not be engaged in to enhance power of ego.
Moderate with sex. Your body is your temple. You are sacred.
(One of the Yamas, self restraints,
things not to do) - 325. AprigrahaNon-greediness. Live simple.
(One of the Yamas, self restraints,
things not to do) - 33Following the yamas are the niyamas, which show up in behaviour towards ourself. Again there are five...1. Shaucha (cleanliness)
2. Santosha (contentment)
3. Tapas (discipline, to burn)
4. Svadhyaya (self-study and meditation)
5. Ishvara-pranidhana (surrender to God) - 341. ShauchaPurity or cleanliness.
Your body is your temple.
(One of the Niyamas, things to do,
self observation) - 352. SantoshaContentment.
Accepting yourself as you are.
(One of the Niyamas, things to do,
self observation) - 363. TapasAusterity. Intense discipline. To burn/create heat.
Can be physical, verbal and mental.
Can cause transformation of the mind.
(One of the Niyamas, things to do,
self observation) - 374. SvadhyayaSelf-study. And study spiritual books.
Letting go of 'I know'.
Not analysing emotions.
(One of the Niyamas, things to do,
self observation) - 385. Ishvara-pranidhanaSurrendering to a higher power.
Letting go of 'I do'. Bowing down/devotion to God. Letting go of your ego.
(One of the Niyamas, things to do,
self observation) - 39The eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga are...1. Yama (Do not)
2. Niyama (Do)
3. Asana (Steady posture)
4. Pranayama (Vital energy)
5. Pratyahara (Withdrawal of senses)
6. Dharana (Concentration)
7. Dhyana (Meditation)
8. Samadhi (Self realisation, union divine) - 401. YamaDo not/Restraints.
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Relationship with the outer world.
Moral codes.
(Ethical level) - 412. NiyamaDo/Observances
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Relationship with our selves.
Developments of positive personal aptitudes.
(Ethical level) - 423. AsanaPostures
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Relationship with the body.
Rebalancing
(Physiological level) - 434. PranayamaBreath control. Directing vital energy.
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Integration of breath with body and mind
Rebalancing energy and emotions
(Emotional and energetical level) - 445. PratyaharaWithdrawal of the senses
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
We are entered within ourselves/Internal
Overcoming distractions due to sensory activities
(Sensory level) - 456. DharanaConcentration (with effort)
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Focussing of the mind to an object
Development of mindful awareness and conscious attention
(Mental level, conscious) - 467. DhyanaMeditation (effortless)
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Uninterrupted focussed attention of the mind to an object
Inner attention focussed on an object, longer and at deeper levels
(Mental level, unconscious) - 478. SamadhiEnlightenment. Same as the highest.
(One of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga)
Superconsciousness/Oneness
Overcoming brain patterns beyond the mind. Nothing is needed anymore.
Union between individual- & universal consciousness - 48Patanjali's Yoga Sutras Name the four chapters1. Samadhi - Theory, inspiration
2. Sadhana - Practice
3. Vibhuti - Accomplishments
4. Kaivalya - Cosmic, philosophical, absoluteness - 49Yoga Citta vrtti nirodah (YS 1:2)Yoga is the stopping of the fluctuations of the mind. Yoga happens when the mind is still.
Nirodah = Stopping of
Vrtti = Fluctuations
Citta = Mind
Yoga = Union state - 50There are 5 Vrttis, what are they? (YS 1:5 & 6)Mental modifications
1. Pramana - What you perceive through senses
2. Viparyaya - Misconception, illusion
3. Vikalpa - Hallucination, verbal delusion
4. Nidra - Sleep
5. Smrtiayaya - Memories - 51Abhyasa (YS 1:12)Steady, continuous, watchful practice.
Together with Vairagyam the two wings to control the Vrttis - 52Vairagyam (YS 1:16)Non attachment (to the result of your practice/your actions). Colourless. Dispassion from anything that would lead one into avidya (ignorance/misknowing).
2 Levels: Higher (deeper stuff) and
lower (easier)
Together with Abhyasa the two wings to control the Vrttis. - 53Sthira sukham asanam (YS 2:46)The posture is steady and comfortable
- 54The seven main chakras are1. Muladhara Chakra
2. Svadhisthana Chakra
3. Manipura Chakra
4. Anahata Chakra
5. Visuddha Chakra
6. Ajna Chakra
7. Sahasrara Chakra - 551. Muladhara chakraRoot center
Kundalini sleeping
Basic needs
Bija mantra LAM
Colour Red
Earth
Smell - 562. Svadhisthana chakraSexual center
Her favourite standing place
Bija mantra VAM
Colour Orange
Water
Taste - 573. Manipura chakraNavel center
Ego, willpower
Digestion
Bija mantra RAM
Colour Yellow
Fire
Sight - 584. Anahata chakraHeart centre
From selfish to selfless
Bija mantra YAM
Colour Green
Air
Touch - 595. Visuddha chakraThroat centre
Hamsa
Bija mantra HAM
Colour Blue
Sound
Hearing - 606. Ajna chakraThird eye
Center of wisdom and intuition
Bija mantra OM
Colour Indigo
Light - 617. Sahasrara chakraThousand petaled lotus
Crown chakra
Bija mantra OM
Colour Violet
Thoughts - 62Describe what chakras areEnergy centres, accumulating and storing prana.
Wheels that regulate the body mechanisms
Junctions where Pingala-, Ida- and Susumna nadi intersect - 63What is the object of Pranayama?(according to the Tantric texts)To arouse Kundalini, the divine cosmic force, (lying dormant in the Muladhara chakra) in our bodies and make it go up the spinal column. Up to Saharara and there unite with the supreme soul.
- 64What is Japa?To repeat the name of God / a mantra
108 times (Mala often has 108 beads)
Form of Bhakti yoga - 65What is Mantra?Protective shield. Protector of the mind.
Manas = to let the mind rest upon
Tram = project
That which keeps the mind steady and produces the proper effect - 66What is Atman?The higher self. Pure consciousness. The indwelling witness.
The unchangeable and eternal in man. The immortal. Atman is the I-AM, the God in the heart of all beings. - 67What is IshvaraCosmic consciousness, the all knowing intelligence.
Omnipresent, omnipotent.
You inner tutor/presence/being/self
Intuition
Guru, god, yourself = one - 68Ajapa- JapaContstant awareness
Without mental effort - 69What is So Ham?The mantra that always goes on
It means: I am that
So - inhale, Ham - exhale - 70Explain AUMThe sound of the universe, of Brahman. Vibration. The word expressive of Isvara
Has no beginning and no end. A mantra.
The 3 most basic sounds that a human can make. The primal sound, the Nadam.
A - belly, U - chest, M - top of head, Silence - 71What is Purusha?Pure spirit.
The seer, the permanent self. - 72What is Prakriti?Nature, body & mind.
The seen, the Impermanent.
Manifesting in 3 qualities, the 3 gunas: Sativa (lightness), Rajas (activity), Tamas (inertia).
Role is to allow Purusha to experience the world. To break through illusion of Maya. - 73AhamkaraA quality/compartment of the mind.
The ego part of the mind.
The maker of the 'I'.
It labels info coming in through the senses with likes (Raga) and dislikes (Dvehsa).
Works together with Manas and Buddhi - 74Jivan muktaLiberated (from bondage) soul, whilst in the body. Enlightened to the true nature of being. Identifies with Brahman, not with body/mind. Reached equanimity.
Jivan = Self, individual soul
Mukta = Liberated
Knows that joy is the goal. - 75What is Kriya Yoga?Yoga that is attaint through Purification actions that cleanse the body & mind for Self-realization.
The foundation to minimize klesas (obstacles):
1. Tapas 2. Svadhyaya
3. Ishvara-pranidhana - 76Yoga means...?Yoga, from 'to yoke' = Union, of the individual- with the divine consciousness.
Philosophy, processes, disciplines and practices about: Increasing self awareness.
Union with God; Samadhi. - 77What is a Shatkarma?Shatkarma kriyas are the 'six acts' for cleansing, said to bring balance to the body. Or actually to the dosha's (vata, pitta and kapha) that constitute the body. Clearing away clutter. Purifying. Removing ignorance, developing Viveka (discrimination) & Vairagya (detachment)
- 78Name the Shatkarma kriiiiiyas1. Dhauti, cleansing and scrubbing
2. Basti, colon cleansing
3. Neti, nasal cleansing
4. Trataka, eye cleansing, focus on flame
5. Nauli, intestines stimulation, suck belly
6. Kapalabhati, skull shining, breath pumpings - 79There are 4 stages of consciousness, name them1. Waking, objective reality - Jagrat
2. Dreaming, subjective reality - Swapna
3. Deep sleep, unconsciousness - Sushupti
4. Consciousns beyond time&space - Turya
Beautifully expressed in the word AUM. Each sound plus the silence representing the different states.
Ego, Ego-Maya, Brahman, Atman - 80What are Gunas and name themQualities that make up the manifest world of nature. Inherent in Maya (illusory world). They do everything for us. Also we are all mixes of the three gunas until liberation.
Sattva (lightness)
Rajas (activity)
Tamas (inertia) - 81What is Sattva?One of the tree Gunas
Lightness, purity, tranquility, goodness, balance, movement towards the inner.
Binds with attachment to happiness or pleasure. - 82What is Rajas?One of the tree Gunas
Activity, passion, growth, change, evolution. Movement outward.
Binds with attachment to activity. - 83What is Tamas?One of the tree Gunas
Darkness, inertia, heaviness, resistance, involution.
Binds with attachment to delusion, ignorance (Avidya). - 84What are the main paths of yoga?1. Bhakti yoga - Devotion to God
2. Karma yoga - Yoga of action / service
3. Jnana - Yoga of wisdom, meditation, self reflection
4. Hatha yoga - The physical and mental practices
Raja yoga/Ashtanga yoga - Royal yoga Includes them all - 85What is Brahma?The creator.
One God of the Hindu Trinity.
Has 4 faces. - 86What is the meaning of Svaha?To bow down to you inner teacher.
To be the peaceful self, to be 'one with God'.
You say it when you offer something. - 87What is Sadhana?Conscious spiritual practice.
Can be outer as well as inner. - 88Which factors contribute positively to Sadhana?1. Consistent practice over time
2. An intention focussed on God-realization
3. Faith that enlightenment is possible - 89VedantaSupreme knowledge. End/conclusions of the Veda's. +/- 800 B.C.
Classical Philosophical school.
Mystic teachings, all about self investigation. Brahman is the essential nature of each being.
In Upanishads the knowledge of the veda's is distilled. - 90Explain MayaIllusion. Energy. The mother of the material universe, world of forms, power to project.
Measurement of something you cannot measure (eternity, infinite), limits and conceals. Just ideas existing in time and space.
Curtain veiling the true nature of Brahman. - 91What is Nada Yoga?The yoga of deep inner listening. Nada means sound. Sound, the essence of all energy. The first vibration, the unstuck sound.
Feel music. An essential component of Hatha Yoga. - 92The Upanishads, tell something about themVedanta philosophy (Jnana yoga). End of the Veda's. Supreme knowledge, mystic teachings, distilled in the Upanishads. Non dualistic nature of God.
All about to understand yourself.
3 characteristics: Unity behind diversity (oneness), free from dogma (all paths lead to the same), divinity of each soul (Atman). - 93Name 3 upanishadsWritten circa 800 B.C. Before this book the wisdom was revealed to the rishis. There are 12 main Upanishads.
Isa, Kena, Katha,
Prasna
Mundaka
Maitri - 94What is Brahman?The eternal being, all pervasive, beyond. Oneness of existence. Big spirit. The spirit supreme.
Bri = To deepen/to expand. 2 Meditations:
1. To deepen - inner consciousness
2. To expand - outer space
Also Tadvanam; The end of love-longing, to understand & know yourself. - 95What is Samsara?Being in the cycle of life, in the body. Keep coming back. The wheel of birth, growth and death.
It means suffering the condition of individualisation. Goes on until liberation. - 96What are Granthi's?Blocks/knots to the flow of prana that prevent kundalini from ascending toward enlightenment.
(Brahma- , Vishnu- en Rudra Granthi)
Part of the subtle body. - 97What is Karma?Law of cause and effect. Any deed or thought that has an effect. What goes around comes around. What seeds are you planting? Non harming creates good karma. Good karma leads to eternal joy and happiness.
- 98What is Samskara?Impressions. Grooves etched onto the covering of the soul, by every karma or action taken. They come up as soon as you take action.
Behavioural patterns. Unfulfilled desires.
You can free yourself from it by
being selfless and unattached. - 99What is Viveka?Discriminate between the real (everlasting) and the unreal (passing). Seeing the difference. To rise above the superficial differences to the very essence. All that you see (Nature, Prakriti) isn't real, its changing.
- 100What is buddhi?A quality of the mind.
The intellect. The inner wisdom. The part that knows, makes decisions. Instructing Manas and Ahamkara. - 101What is Sanatan Dharma?The law/order of eternal righteousness. E.g. Water flows, fire burns. Universal truth.
Based on the wisdom of the Vedas. Holy scriptures. - 102Explain the Trinity of Creation, Preservation and DestructionTrimurti is a concept in Hinduism in which the cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and destruction are personified by the forms of Brahma the creator (rajastic), Vishnu (sattvic) the preserver, and Shiva (tamasic) the destroyer/transformer. Ishvara / Brahman appears in these forms.
- 103Vinyasa Krama What does it do to the muscles?Synchronising the body to the breath is synchronising motor muscles with the respiratory muscles.
The anatomical and the physiological body. - 104What is Anahatha Nadam?The sound current running trough the nadi's. Can be restricted.
The inner sound you can hear it after years of practice. - 105Name 3 types of Karma and explain them1. Sanchitta karma - past karmas. Stock of all lifetimes.
2. Parabda karma - present action, you work them out in this life
3. Agami karma - Future actions that will result from your present actions, what you are about to do - 106What is Manas?A quality of the mind.
The lower mind. Importing and exporting information of the senses. It just follows up instructions. Important that Buddhi coordinates Manas (and Ahamkara) well. - 107What is a mudra?A gesture. Body position.
A seal. On the energy level. - 108Explain Raja YogaRaja yoga/Ashtanga yoga - Royal yoga
Eight limbed system of yoga, described in Patanjalis YS's. Goal is to purify body and mind, get free from Kleshas and attain Samadhi.
Includes all other paths of yoga. - 109Name the main Hindu deities1. Brahma (creator) - Saraswati (knowledge)
2. Vishnu (preserver) - Lakshmi (wealth)
3. Shiva (destroyer) - Parvati (divine mother) Kali, Durga
Ganesh (remover obstacles) son Shiv&Parv
Rama (7th avatar Vishnu) - Sita aka Shakti
Hanuman (inner potential) - Services Rama
Krishna (8th avatar Vishnu) - Cowgirl Radha
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- 500-h Svaha Yoga TTC Exam Fichas sobre Yoga Philosophy, creado por smferf el 13/04/2016.
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