10761359
Description
Flashcards by Trey von Gortler, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Trey von Gortler
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Somatic Mutation | A ______ in a _____ cell that gets carried on to a daughter cell via mitosis |
| Germ-Line Mutation | A mutation in a _______ producing cell. is carried on to an entire organism during reproduction (about 1/2 population) |
| Base Insertion, Deletion, Substitution | The three general types of mutations are ___, ____, & _____ |
| Frameshift | _____: mutations in multiple of 3 _____: Move the reading the frame |
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Expanding Nucleotide Repeat Mutations (Diagram shows increased severity as more replications occur)
Image:
Slide 10 (image/jpeg)
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The _____ Repeats, the less stable, the _____ likely to get out of control in future generations (________) |
| Missense Mutation | ______ substitution that changes ______ in a protein |
| Nonsense | _______ substitution resulting in a premature ________ |
| Silent Mutations | ______ substitution that does not cause changes ______ in a protein |
| Silent Mutations with Phenotypic Effects | Abundance of _______ can modify the rate of ________. (____accepting) _____ structure altered, can affect _____ due to interactions between bases |
| Gain of Function Mutations | This mutation can be conditional (to certain environments) and lethal. Causes _____ in protein function and is usually _______ |
| Loss of Function Mutations | This mutation can be complete or partial in affect. Change in functional protein MUST be homozygous. Causes _____ in protein function. |
| Forward | Changes the wild type phenotype into a _____ phenotype |
| Reverse | Changes the _____ type phenotype into a _____ phenotype by restoring the original ________type |
| Suppressor | Changes the _____ type phenotype into a _____ phenotype by altering the ________type at a different site from the original mutation |
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Intragenic
Image:
Slide 14 (image/jpeg)
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Examples: A second substitution that results in a different codon that codes for the same amino acid A second insertion or deletion that fixes a frameshift |
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Intergenic
Image:
Slide 15 (image/jpeg)
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Examples: A second mutation on a gene coding for tRNA that causes a tRNA carrying lys to bind with the mutated stop codon instead of early termination |
| Transition | Purine - ______, Prymadine - _____ |
| Transversion | Purine - Pryamdine |
| Non-Watson & Crick Basepairing | Result of weak ________ bonding events that occurs during ______ of DNA |
| Strand Slippage New Strand Template Strand | ______ in the DNA causing nucleotides to loop out of the DNA Insertion when occuring in ______ Deletion when occuring ______ |
| Crossing Over | ______ during prophase of Meiosis 1 can cause _______ & __zx_____ |
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