Chapter 1 Keywords

Description

Chapter 1 keywords
Joanna Wakefield
Flashcards by Joanna Wakefield, updated more than 1 year ago
Joanna Wakefield
Created by Joanna Wakefield over 6 years ago
11
0

Resource summary

Question Answer
Hardware The term to describe the physical components that make up the computer (e.g. keyboard, mouse)
Software The term to describe programs that control computer systems such as systems software and applications programs
Application Software Software that enables a user to carry out a specific function on a computer e.g. spreadsheet, word processor, database, etc.
Systems software Programs that allow the hardware to run properly and allow the user to communicate with the computer
CPU The part of the computer that interprets and executes commands from computer hardware and software
Internal hard disk drive The computer’s main back-up memory where applications software, documents and data files are stored
RAM (Random Access Memory) An internal chip where data is temporarily stored while running applications. It can be written to as well as read from
ROM (Read Only Memory) A memory used to store information that needs to be permanent (e.g. configuration data for a computer system)
Microprocessor A single integrated circuit that is the basis of most PCs and is in many household devices. It has essentially the same function as a computer processing unit
Solid State Drive (SSD) A type of magnetic storage media that uses microchip technology rather than thin film magnetic surfaces
Boot file Code used to tell computer what to do when it first starts up (sometimes referred to as the BIOS)
BIOS (basic input/output system) Code used to tell computer what to do when it first starts up (sometimes referred to as the boot)
Operating System Allows users to communicate with computer systems, controlling many tasks such as maintaining security, loading software, etc
CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) Type of semi-conductor chip that holds data (usually the BIOS) without the need for an external power source
CLI (command line interface) A user interface that requires a user to type in instructions, choose options from a menu, open software, etc
GUI (Graphical User Interface) A user interface that allows a user to interact with a computer (or other electronic device) using pictures or symbols (icons)
WIMP A form of graphical user interface where a mouse is used to control a cursor and icons are selected to open/run windows
Touch screen An input device that allows the user to choose from options on the screen by pressing the option on the screen with a finger
Post-WIMP An interaction where fingers are in contact with a small touch screen, allowing actions such as pinching and rotating
PC/Desktop computer A general purpose computer which is usually IBM-compatible
Laptop/notebook computer A type of computer where the monitor, keyboard, pointing device and processor are integrated into one portable unit
Tablet An internet enabled portable computer that use touchscreen technology and are equipped with cameras, microphones and accelerometers
Phablet A hybrid between a tablet and smartphone, typically between 12-15cm display size
Smartphone A phone that also has an operating system allowing them to run computer applications. They have email access, Apps, cameras, MP3/MP4 players, etc and use Wi-Fi or 3G/4G/5G networks to access the internet
Smartwatch A mini-computer worn on the wrist which offers the same functions as a smartphone & uses OLED technology
Mainframe Computer A very large, very powerful computer system. They run commercial applications such as banking, where huge amounts of data need to be processed
AI Biometrics Artificial Intelligence biometrics – uses dynamic profiling (see below) to overcome the problem of a fingerprint identification system falsely rejecting a user’s fingerprint
Dynamic profiling The system learns from different alignments of the fingerprint each time it is scanned so that a user’s fingerprints are more likely to be matched with that stored in the database
Low vision enhancement system (LVES) Use of video technology through a headset connected to a computer allowing images to be projected inside the headset in front of the eyes
Night vision enhancement (NVE) Amplifies infra-red light and visible light so that an image can still be seen in apparent darkness. Used by the military to carry out surveillance at night.
Drone Unmanned flying devices, used by the military for reconnaissance missions and civilians for, e.g. investigating weather phenomena, surveying the landscape, etc
Quantum cryptography Use of the physical properties of light to produce virtually unbreakable cryptography (encryption)
CAT (Computer-assisted translation) A language translator that uses specific software to help translation; it uses terminology databases and translation memories that make it more accurate than online translators
Hologram Photographic image that is 3D and also appears to have depth. They are often used on credit cards as an additional security device
Show full summary Hide full summary

Similar

Volcanoes
1jdjdjd1
GCSE Music revision 1
georgie.proctor
Unit 1: Business Studies GCSE
Libby Rose
B3, C3, P3
George Moores
Key Biology Definitions/Terms
courtneypitt4119
Lord of the Flies Quotes
Emma Payne
GCSE REVISION TIMETABLE
Joana Santos9567
Psychology Key Words Research Methods
Alfie Moorhead
DEV I Part II
d owen
1PR101 2.test - Část 16.
Nikola Truong
TISSUE TYPES
Missi Shoup