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| Question | Answer |
| Protocol | A set of rules that govern data transmission so that a particular type of data will be formatted in a particular manner |
| The application layer | It provides applications for file transfer, remote control and internet activities |
| FTP(File Transfer Protocol) | A standard network protocol that is used to transfer computer files from one host to another host |
| HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) | it is the underlying protocol used by the world wide web |
| HTTPS(Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) | A protocol for secure communication over a computer network |
| IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) | It is an internet standard protocol used by email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server |
| SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) | A TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving email |
| SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol) | It is created as a way of gathering information from different networked systems in a consistent way |
| Transport layer | It is the main interface for all network application |
| The most commonly used transport layer protocols are: | TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) UDP(User Datagram Protocol) |
| Data packets | Anything sent between computers are divided into packets They are small data units |
| Network layer 1 | It selects and manages the best logical path for data transfer between nodes |
| Network layer 2 | It is responsible for taking routing decisions based on the destination IP address to determine which route to send the data along |
| Link layer 1 | It is thee protocol layer in a program that handles the moving of data in and out across a physical link in a network |
| Link layer 2 | The most commonly used link layer protocols: ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) PPP(Point-to Point-Protocol) |
| Link layer 3 | It is responsible for logical link control, media access control, hardware addressing, error detection and handling and defining physical layer standards |
| Protocols for Emails | Receiving: IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) POP(Post Office Protocol) Sending: SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) |
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