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The Skeletal System: The Framework (Chapter Summary)

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Health Science 1 Flashcards on The Skeletal System: The Framework (Chapter Summary), created by Random Person on 08/09/2018.
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Flashcards by Random Person, updated more than 1 year ago
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How are bones classified? Classified by shape as either long, short, flat or irregular bones.
Periosteum Connective tissue that covers the outside of the bone.
Image: Periosteum Of Bone Definition Function 123243 (image/jpeg)
Long Bones Long and skinny. They have widened ends called epiphyses and a long shaft called the diaphysis.
Image: 250px Long Bones Anterior View With Legend (image/png)
Epiphyses Very ends of a long bone. Widened.
Image: Download (binary/octet-stream)
Diaphysis Long shaft of a long bone. Or the central part of a long bone.
Image: X2604 D 32 (image/png)
Articular Cartilage Each epiphysis is covered by this, which protects the bone at the joint.
Image: Knee Cart Surg Anatomy01 (image/jpeg)
Why is the bone surface not smooth? It allows for muscle and ligament attachment and for joint surfaces.
Image: Chopmark,White (image/jpeg)
What do long bones have inside? Have a medullary (marrow) cavity and 2 different types of bones: spongy and compact.
Image: Femur (image/jpeg)
Spongy Bone Looks like a cleaning sponge, with holes in between strips of bone called trabeculae, which is covered by endosteum.
Image: 6a013481070e9e970c01b7c7d8be9e970b 600wi (image/jpeg)
Trabeculae Is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod that supports or anchors a framework of parts within a body or organ
Image: Trabecular Pattern (image/jpeg)
Endosteum Is a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones
Image: 2742270 Orig (image/png)
Medullary Cavity Is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as the marrow cavity.
Image: 250px Structure Of A Long Bone (image/png)
Compact Bone
Image: Compbo (image/jpeg)
looks solid but isn't. It is composed of many tree trunk-like structures called osteons.
Image: Bone Structure620 (image/jpeg)
Osteons Has a central canal for blood vessels and circular layers of bone surrounding the central canal.
Image: Images?Q=Tbn:A Nd9 Gc R Ax R5 S9 Ax30n2cxr Icd Clg Zl K Ark Lx Ymas Ma Vl E8 L G Bn Lr5fog (image/jpeg)
Osteoprogenitor Cells Makes bone stem cells. Involved in osteogenisis.
Osteoblasts Makes bone. Involved in osteogenisis.
Image: Osteoblast (image/jpeg)
Osteoclasts Destroys bone. Involved in osteogenisis.
Image: Osteoclast (image/jpeg)
Osteocytes Maintains the matrix. Involved in osteogenisis.
Image: Osteocyte (image/jpeg)
2 Types of Bone Development Intramembranous Ossification and Endochondral Ossification.
Intramembranous Ossification Connective tissue membrane turns into bone. The bones of your skull are formed this way.
Endochondral Ossification Hyaline cartilage model of a bone turns into bone. The rest of the body's bones except for the skull is made this wat
What happens if breakdown is faster than buildup? Osteoporosis.
How does a bone heal if it's fractured? Via endochondral ossification.
Joints Places where bones meet. Has 2 other skeletal tissues: Cartilage and Ligaments. May be classified by structure or function.
Cartilage Is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
Image: Normal Knee Cartilage (image/png)
Ligaments A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.
Image: English Vocabulary Tendon Ligament (image/jpeg)
Synovial Joints Most of the joints in your body. Has a large range of movement, and a fluid-filled cavity between the bones.
Image: 1796 102 89 Synovial Joint (image/jpeg)
Some examples of joint disorders: Arthritis, sprains, bursitis, and tendonitis.
Some examples of skeletal injuries: Disk herniation, abnormal spinal curvatures, and bone fractures.
Flexion The action of bending or the condition of being bent, especially the bending of a limb or joint.
Image: Images?Q=Tbn:A Nd9 Gc Qf Vv Hy Cl7zv Rtdbj2 B Gkg0 Lk Pc5 Wi3v9 Auw Lm8 M3d R Xp Dhv6 (image/jpeg)
Extension Is the opposite of flexion, describing a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts.
Image: Flex Extend (image/png)
Rotation The action of rotating around an axis or center.
Image: Rotation1352400518378 (image/jpeg)
Abduction The movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body, or from another part.
Image: Diff Btwn (image/jpeg)
Adduction Is the movement of a body part toward the body's midline. So, if a person has their arms straight out at the shoulders and brings them down to their sides, it is adduction.
Image: Diff Btwn (image/jpeg)
Pronation The forearm turns the hand so that the palm is downwards or backwards.
Image: Pronation And Supination (image/jpeg)
Supination The palm is forward or upwards.
Image: Pronation And Supination (image/jpeg)
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