1521402
Description
Flashcards by Riya Vaidya, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Riya Vaidya
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| One Unit of alcohol | • ½ pint (284mls) ordinary strength beer or lager • 1 glass (125mls) average strength wine • 1 glass (50mls) of fortified wine (e.g., Sherry) • 1 single measure (25mls) spirits. |
| What is Low risk drinking? How much can males and females take in per week? | • Low risk = 'Safe drinking', where intake is unlikely to be associated with harm • Males = 21 units/week • Females = 14 units/week |
| What is Hazardous drinking? What is hazardous amount of drinking unit sf or men and women? | Hazardous drinking = Intake likely to increase risk of developing alcohol related harm • Males: 22 - 50 units/week • Females: 15-35 units/week |
| What is Harmful drinking? and how much is Harmful drinking in units for women and men? | • Harmful drinking = A pattern of drinking associated with the development of alcohol related harm (physical or psychological). • Males > 50 units/week • Females > 35 units/week |
| What are the Current recommendations for safe alcohol consumption? (according to a psych students study) | Have at least two alcohol-free days per week No more than 21/14 drinks per week for men and women respectively No more than 6/4 standard drinks per drinking occasion for men/women |
| How does extreme drinking effect you? | heavy or extreme drinking has a significant effect, more physical illness, poor work load management and concentration levels will be low. |
| How many of the certain symptoms do you have to have to determine that you have an alcohol disorder? | 2 |
| A problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress as manifest by at least 2 of the following within a 12 month period. What are the symptoms? | • Alcohol is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended. • There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use. - Aware of their alcohol problem that they can't control their alcohol. Know its a problem but can't stop it. • A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, alcohol use, or recover from its effects. • Craving, or strong desire or urge to use alcohol. (similar to bulimia no control) |
| Alcohol Use Disorder cont… | Recurrent alcohol use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home. often calling sick because you are hungover as a result of alcohol abuse, unable to complete work. Home parents neglect childeren, drinking when supposed to be looking after kids, spend all money on alcohol, children aren't getting fed or clothed properly. • Continued alcohol use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of alcohol. E.g. getting into fights, family members get worried about the money that you are spending, often causing problems in the family but you keep drinking bc you can't stop. • Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of alcohol use. • Recurrent alcohol use in situations in which it is typically hazardous. • Alcohol use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by alcohol. |
| What are the two possible ways that tolerance is defined as? | • A need for markedly increased amounts of alcohol to achieve intoxication or desired effect. risk factor you'll have to drink more over time and it will be more costly. • A markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of alcohol. Your body will start getting used to the alc consumption that you have each day, you need more to get the normal effect of alc |
| What are the withdrawal symptoms of alcohol? | Autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., sweating, high pulse rate) • Increased hand tremor • Insomnia • Nausea or vomiting • Transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or illusions • Psychomotor agitation • Anxiety • Generalised tonic-clonic seizures • Alcohol (or closely related substance such as benzodiazepine) is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms. |
| Of all the mental health patients how many have alcohol abuse disorder as well %? | Mental health problems are often linked in with substance abuse. •In adult mental health settings at least 25% of patients have an alcohol use disorder as part of their presentation. E.g. depression and anxiety because alcohol is a form of self medication. Of those in treatment for an alcohol use disorder, 60% suffer from depression or anxiety. |
| Why is alcohol abuse similar to depressive symptoms? | • Alcohol is a CNS depressant and the biological changes induced by (decreased rate of breathing, decreased heart rate, and loss of consciousness) can mimic depressive symptoms. |
| Depression q cont.... | Anxieties, guilt and social repercussions all contribute to feelings of depression. - they reflect on their actions when under the influence and try to mask those feelings again with alcohol. • Alcohol misuse can be a symptom of underlying depressive illness or can lead to depression the two maintain each other over time. • Suicide and deliberate self-harm are also significant risks in patients with serious alcohol problems - particularly when associated with depression or impulsive behaviour. People with depression often drink alcohol which then makes them feel impulsive to be self harmful. |
| ANxiety and alc abuse | People will often use alcohol to calm themselves down in social situations or if they have a fear of social situations. When drinking alc you aren't developing skills of how to challenge/expose your fears and anxiety based thoughts. |
| • Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal may mimic an anxious state. | sweating heart beat, withdrawal will make them want to drink more to get rid of these anxious feelings. |
| Alcohol use and mental health • Personality • Impulsivity (particularly in adolescents) | Tend to see people who are high in impulsivity will be more likely to abuse substances. Making people are at risk of having to self medicating by using alcohol. |
| Alcohol use and physical health outcomes? | • Korsakoff's dysmnestic syndrome • Profound memory loss • The gaps in memory are filled in by confabulation (make up stuff that's been happening) often compared to demensia. |
| Alcohol use and physical health outcomes cont | Gastrointestinal Tract : Hepatitis; hepatic cirrhosis; pancreatitis. • Cardiovascular System : Hypertension; alcohol cardiomyopathy. • Central Nervous System : Seizures, peripheral neuropathy; cerebellar degeneration; (brain damage chronically drinikng for 10-15 years) dementia. • Others: Malnutrition and vitamin deficiency; damage to foetus in pregnant women; accidents; fights. |
| Social difficulties associated with alcohol | Social Difficulties • Poverty too much money spent on • Poor performance at work • Interpersonal relationships • Domestic violence • Poor parenting • Unemployment • Involvement with police |
| Treatments for substance abuse | • Motivational Interviewing - think of all the bad thigs that have been a consequence of drinking abuse. Acknowleging the positive role of alcohol in their life |
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