16052693
Description
Flashcards by E.M. Flood, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by E.M. Flood
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is physical activity? | Any form of movement that causes your body to use energy |
| Physical activities has many positive effects on _____, _____, _____, and _____ health. | physical, mental, emotional, social |
| Define physical fitness. | The ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy to respond to unexpected demands |
| Physical fitness strengthens _____, boosts _____, and improves _____. | bones; energy; posture |
| Define exercise. | A purposeful physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, & that improves or maintains physical fitness |
| What are some emotional & mental health benefits from physical activity? | Relieves stress from released endorphins, aids in relaxation, better sleep, improve self-esteem, & promotes the production of other chemicals that help combat anxiety/depression |
| What are some social health benefits from physical activity? | Meet new people, build new skills, & help manage stress |
| An inactive lifestyle puts you at risk for a variety of _____. | health problems |
| Define sedentary | Involving little or no physical activity |
| List some examples of health problems that result from a sedentary lifestyle. | Weight gain, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, asthma, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis |
| What is cardiovascular endurance? | the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to utilize and send fuel and oxygen to the body's tissues during long periods of moderate-to-vigorous activity |
| What is muscular strength? | The amount of force a muscle can exert |
| What is muscular endurance? | The ability of muscles to perform physicals tasks over a period of time without becoming fatigued |
| What is flexibility? | The ability to move a body part through a full range of motion |
| What is body composition? | The ratio of body fat to lean body tissues, including muscle, bone, water and connective tissues |
| You can use a different _____ to evaluate each element of your fitness. Each test measures a different _____. | test; element of fitness |
| What are some examples of tests? | Cardiovascular tests (step test); Muscular strength/endurance (partial curl-ups & right angle pushups); Measuring flexibility (sit & reach) |
| Using different forms of _____ improves the various elements of your _____. | exercise; fitness |
| What is aerobic exercise? List some examples. | Any activity that uses large muscle groups, is rhythmic in nature, and can be maintained continuously; Running, swimming, dance |
| What is anaerobic exercise? List some examples. | Intense short bursts of activity in which the muscle works so hard they produce energy without using oxygen; Lifting weights, running a 100 meter dash |
| Why is aerobic exercise important? | ~ Builds cardio-respiratory endurance ~ Increases heart rate and pumps more blood through the body ~ makes heart/lungs to adapt to the demands on them by working them more efficiently |
| How do you improve muscular strength & endurance? | ~ anaerobic exercise |
| Exercises that strengthen the muscles are known as ____ or ____ training. | resistance; strength |
| What are the types of strength training? | Isometric; isotonic; isokenetic |
| What is isometric exercise? | Uses muscle tension to improve strength with little or no movement |
| What is isotonic exercise? | Combine movements of the joints with contraction of the muscles that build flexibility as well as strength |
| What is isokinetic exercise? | Exerts resistance against a muscle as it moves through a range of motion |
| How do you improve flexibility? | ~ stretching exercises improve flexibility, circulation, posture, and coordination ~ stretches should last 30 seconds each |
| Why is flexibility important? | Reduces risk of injury |
| What are some examples of reducing risk of injury? | ~ Getting a health screening ~ Know your physical limits ~ Obey rules & restrictions ~ Warm-up & cool-down ~ Practice good sportsmanship ~ Use proper equipment such as helmets and knee pads |
| What is overexertion? | Overworking of the body |
| What is heat exhaustion? What's it caused by? What are the symptoms? | ~ Overheating of the body ~ overexertion in hot, humid atmosphere ~ symptoms of shock & cold, clammy skin |
| What are heat cramps? | Muscle spasms that result from a loss of large amounts of salt and water through perspiration |
| What are heatstrokes? | A condition in which the body loses the ability to rid itself of excess heat through perspiration |
| What is hyperthermia? | A sudden increase in body temperature |
| What concerns come from heat-related injuries? | Dehydration (excess loss of fluids from body) & smog/air pollution |
| What is frostbite? Where does it most often occur? | Body tissue becomes frozen; ears, fingers, & toes |
| What is frostnip? | Whitening of the toes, fingers, & ears. It is a warning sign of frostbite. |
| What is hypothermia? | A condition in which the body temperature becomes dangerously low |
| What happens when one has hypothermia? | Body systems shut down as the body loses the ability to warm itself. Disorientation and confusion occur |
| How do you dress for cold weather? | ~ Wear a hat (70% body heat lost through the head) ~ Layers: Pull moisture and perspiration away from your body (Dri–Fit, ClimaCool or Under Armour). The middle layer should provide insulation (Wool fabrics). The last layer should keep wind and water out (Coated nylon). |
| What is windburn? | When the skin is exposed to freezing wind, causing skin to become red, tight, and sore to the touch |
| What is sunburn? | The burning of the outer layers of the skin |
| What are the different severities of sunburn? | ~ Mild sunburn makes skin red & sore ~ Severe sunburn causes blistering, swelling & pain ~ Can lead to skin cancer |
| What is the most dangerous time to be out in the sun? | 10 am - 4 pm |
| Wear sunscreen & lip balm with a SPF of at least _____. | 15 |
| Apply sunscreen _____ minutes before and every _____ hours. | 20;15 |
| What is a muscle cramp? What does it result from? What treats it? | A spasm or sudden tightening of muscles; tired, overworked, or dehydration muscles; drink cool water, massage sore muscle |
| What is a strain? | A condition resulting from damaging a muscle or a tendon |
| What is a sprain? What are some symptoms? | An injury to a ligament surrounding a joint; Pain, swelling, difficulty moving |
| Explain the acronym R.I.C.E | Rest -> avoid using affected muscle/joint Ice -> ice helps reduce pain/swelling Compression -> Light pressure can reduce swelling (wrap with an elastic bandage) Elevation -> Raising affected area above the heart reduces pain/swelling |
| What is a complete spinal cord injury? | When spinal cord is completely severed, resulting in paralysis |
| What is an incomplete spinal cord injury? | When some of the cord is still intact, leaving some movement and feeling |
| What is paraplegia? | Loss of movement in lower limbs |
| What is quadriplegia? | Loss of sensation in lower and upper body regions |
| What is a concussion? | Results from a blow to the head & causes swelling of the brain |
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