Created by Phillipa Donaldson
over 5 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Importance of theory in crime | Allow us to predict and explain relationships, organise knowledge and prevent crime. |
Debates in theory*** | 1. Free will and determination 2. Nature and Nurture 3. Normal or Pathological 4. Driving or restraining forces 5. Person or situation |
Two schools of theorising | 1. Psychological 2. Biological scientific and qualitative ways of interpreting crime |
Sociological imagination | Looking at crime through history, biography, and social structure |
Biological positivism | Science: biological genes and how they change behaviour |
Psychological positivism | - One's individual drives and desires causing crime- brain development, mental disorders - Individual (primary) and environment (secondary) |
Social structures | 1. Mechanical societies: predictable through same beliefs 2. Organic societies: individual interdependence |
Social processes (Sutherland differential association theory) | crime learned behaviour- social interactions, culturally transmitted |
Social processes (Control theories) | crime- lack of self-control (individual) and inadequate social bonds (social) |
Social processes (William Bonger 1916) | CONFLICT THEORY Inequality in class system |
Social processes (Tannenbaum 1938) | LABELLING THEORY Labelling crime and deviant behaviour |
Social processes (Jock Young 1942 and Stan Cohen 1963) | RADICAL CRIMINOLOGY Social justice- helping lower class |
Critical Criminology | Concerned with the qualitative way in which people react and respond to their lived social realities. |
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