| Question | Answer |
| Early Phonological Mistakes | Deletion Substitution Addition Assimilation Reduplication Consonant Cluster Reductions Deletion of Unstressed Syllables |
| Deletion | deleting the final consonant do(g), cu(p) |
| Substitution | substituting one sound for another pip for ship |
| Addition | adding an extra vowel sound to the end of a word doggy |
| Assimilation | changing one consonant or vowel for another gog for dog |
| Reduplication | Repeating a whole syllable mama, dada |
| Consonant Cluster Reductions | reducing words into smaller units pider for spider |
| Deletion of Unstressed Syllables | Omitting the opening syllable in polysyllabic words nana for banana |
| Types of Sound | Plosives Fricatives Affricatives Approximants Nasals Laterals |
| Plosives | Stop Consonants b,d,g |
| Fricatives | Airflow partially blocked v, θ |
| Affricatives | Plosives and Fricatives together d͡ʒ , tʃ |
| Approximants | Like Vowels w, r, j |
| Nasals | Through the nose m, n |
| Laterals | Tongue moves against the ridge of the teeth and air moves down the sides of the mouth. l |
| Difficult Phonemes | ʃ - SHop, Sugar ð - THis, smooTH θ - THimble, fourTH |
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