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| Question | Answer |
| Cell | A cell is the smallest structural unit of an organism. E v e r y piece of a living organism is made up of hundreds of cells. Example: your finger is made up of numerous tiny cells. |
| Organelles | The structure inside the cell. Organelle simply means 'small organ'. In the same way, your body needs the heart to survive, the cell needs organelles to carry out its everyday processes. |
| Cell Membrane | The cell membrane is responsible for preventing dangerous substances from entering a cell, as well as maintaining the structure and contents of a healthy cell. It is also known as semipermeable, as it allows some substances to pass in and out of the cell and some are kept out. Example: a farmer fencing their property to prevent their animals from escaping, without harming it in the act of doing so. But using the gate to enter and exit the property whilst keeping the animals safe. |
| Cell Membrane cont'd | Cell membranes are phospholipid bilayers (scary word, I know). 'Lipid' means fat and 'phospho' is just a snazzy way of referring to a phosphate molecule. If we take a bunch of phospholipids and line them up in two lines, we can see what a cell membrane would look like under a microscope. 'Bilayer' is just two pieces of phospholipid 'bread' without filling that makes a very boring sandwich. |
| Cytoplasm | Jelly like stuff that fills the cells. The cytoplasm is responsible for suspending the organelles of the cell, as well as providing the necessary nutrients to the cell. Remember the fenced property I mentioned earlier? Well, the items on the inside of the fence are animals yes.. but they aren't on grass, they're on jelly stuff AKA cytoplasm! Cytoplasm allows the animals (organelles) to prosper in its environment as it is full of nutrients. |
| Nucleus | The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. It contains the DNA. It is a double-membraned organelle which protects the DNA. |
| DNA | DeoxyriboNucleicAcid |
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