19617432
Description
Flashcards by Christopher Hillerich, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Christopher Hillerich
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Decorated Ocher from Blombos Cave, Southern Cape Coast, South Africa. ca. 100,00-70,000 BCE. Cross-hatching done in ochre on a stone fragment found at Blombos Cave is believed to be the earliest known drawing done by a human in the world. | |
| Woman from Willendorf ca. 28,000–25,000 bce. Limestone, 4 ¼” high. One of the most famous ‘Venuses’ because it was a nude woman with child-bearing capabilities ensured the survival of the species. This woman also has no face. | |
| Lascaux cave paintings (all images) ca. 15,000–13,000 BCE. Largest bull 11’ 6” long. Mixed pigments with animal fat on Cave Wall. In a cave 100 meters back from the entrance, there are gallery of about 2000 images stretching across 240 meter in length. | |
| Houses at Çatalhoyuk (diagram) 7400–6200 BCE. The houses were 29x20ft. The houses were made from mud brick. Extremely important because it is one of the sites where groups of people decide to settler instead of being nomadic. Çatalhöyük had no streets. The houses were right next to each other and the entrance for the house was on the rooftop. | |
| Stonehenge ca. 2900–1500 BCE. Bluestones, Sarsen. 360 feet in diameter. Each standing stone was around 13 feet high, almost seven feet wide and weighed around 25 tons. Bluestones were brought to the site from 200 miles away. Millions of visitors come every year to marvel at the impossible age and impossible size of creation. | |
| Stele of Naram-Sin c. 2250 BCE. Limestone. 200 centimeters. Naram-Sin's stele depicts the king's defeat of the Lullubi peoples of present-day Iran and becoming a God. | |
| Nana Ziggurat c. 2100–2050 BCE. Mud-Bricks. 64 m x 45 m x 30 m. The Nana Ziggurat is the best-preserved. The ziggurat was built by King Ur-Nammu who dedicated the great ziggurat of Ur in honor of Nanna/Sîn | |
| Stele of Hammurabi (also called the Law Code of Hammurabi) c. 1780 BCE. Basalt. 7' 4" tall. The laws, written in cuneiform, are inscribed on the lower part of the monument. Hammurabi is portrayed receiving the laws directly from Shamash the sun god. | |
| Lion Gate at Huttusha c.1400 BCE. Limestone. ~3-4m. These relief sculptures were carved in huge blocks of rock on both sides of the external doors. Made for protective reasons, both physically and spiritually. | |
| Guardian Figures at a Gate of the Citadel of Sargon II c. 721-706 BCE. Gypseous alabaster. 4.20m x 4.36m x 0.97m. The figures are of lamassu, which is a protective deity with the body of a bull or lion, wings of an eagle and a human head. | |
| Ishtar Gate c. 575. Glazed bricks. 11.5 m (38 ft). The main entrance into the city of Babylon. There is an incredible pattern, with rows of golden bulls and dragons surrounded by blue. | |
| Funerary Mask of Tutankhamun Medium: Gold inlaid with glass and semiprecious stones Size: Height 21¼" (54.5 cm) Weight 24 pounds (11 kg) Date: Eighteenth Dynasty (Tutankhamun, ruled 1332–1322 BCE), c. 1327 BCE Description: Most intact grave site ever discovered | |
| Palette of Narmer Medium: Siltstone Size: 2’1” high Date: ca.2950 BCE Description: Earliest labeled artwork | |
| Great Pyramids, Giza Medium: Granite and limestone Size: height of pyramid of Khufu, 450' (137 m) Date: Fourth Dynasty, c. 2575–2450 BCE Description: Oldest of the seven wonders of the world. The largest pyramids in the world. | |
| Seated Statue of Khafre Medium: Diorite-gabbro gneiss Size: 5.5’ Date: ca.2520-2494 BCE Description: A statue of one of Egypt’s most famous pharaoh, he was responsible for the creation of the Sphinx and the largest pyramid in the world. This is a lifelike statue made from a extremely hard medal. | |
| Seated Scribe Medium: Limestone Size: 21” Date: ca.2400 BCE Description: A statue of a scribe which would have been an important job at the time. This is significant because most art was created for pharaoh or gods. | |
| Great Temple of Amun at Karnak Medium: Sandstone Size: 230 feet (70 meters) by 88 feet (27 meters) Date: ca.1579-1075BCE Description: The largest religious building ever constructed. The temple of Karnak was known as Ipet-isu—or “most select of places”—by the ancient Egyptians. The great temple at the heart of Karnak is so big that St Peter's, Milan, and Notre Dame Cathedrals would fit within its walls. | |
| Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut Medium: Limestone Size: 29.5 metres (97 ft) tall Date: ca.2630-2611 Description: Hatshepsut's temple is considered the closest Egypt came to classical architecture. Representative of New Kingdom funerary architecture, it both aggrandizes the pharaoh and includes sanctuaries to honor the gods relevant to her afterlife. | |
| Temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel Medium: Sandstone Size: Pillars 32’ Date: ca.1279-1213 Description: Two temples, carved into a mountainside. The larger of the two temples contains four colossal statues of a seated pharaoh Ramesses II (1303-1213 B.C.) at its entrance, each about 69 feet (21 meters) tall. Rameses II was one of the most famous pharaohs in Egyptian history. | |
| Rosetta Stone Medium: Granite Size:3′ 9″ x 2′ 4″ x 0′ 11″ Date:196 BC Description: A stone that had hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek scripts written. This was the key to deciphering hieroglyphic | |
| Date: 2500–2300 BCE Medium: Marble Size: 1’ 6” high Description: Small figures scatters throughout the islands of the Aegean Sea, most frequently found laid on their backs in graves, larger examples may have been set up in shrines or dwelling places. | |
| Palace at Knossos Date: ca. 1700–1400 BCE Medium: Local sandstone and limestone with timber crossbeams and rubble added Size: 150,000 square feet (14,000 square meters) Description: The largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete and has been called Europe's oldest city. | |
| Bull Leaping Date: c. 1550–1450 BCE Medium: Wall painting with areas of modern reconstruction Size: Height approx. 24 ½" (62.3 cm) Description: Beautiful artwork of an ancient rite of passage depicts a young man leaping over a bull. The colors have lasted throughout the years because of the Fresco technique. | |
| Woman or Goddess with Snakes Date: c. 1600 B.C.E. Medium: faience Size: 29.5 cm high Description: Nude woman holding snakes in both hands and a cat sitting on top of her head. This could be a Goddess of Snakes, and/or of all animals which would be important for an ancient island religion. However, she is more dressed as a priest during this time. | |
| Lion Gate at Mycenae Date: 1250 BC Medium: Limestone relief Size: height of sculpture approx. 9' 6" (2.9 m) Description: It narrows as it rises, measuring 2.78 m (9 ft) below the lintel. It was the only entrance and exit out of the citadel. An example of a relieving triangle and corbelling. | |
| Tholos (the so-called Treasury of Atreus) Date: c. 1300-1200 BCE. Medium: Limestone, poros, rock, conglomerate Size: 43’ high Description: Oldest surviving corbel (vault) dome. Often called a beehive vault. The structure was built underground. Largest enclosed interior space (without supports) until the Pantheon, c 125 CE. |
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