2005019
Description
Flashcards by pandabear818, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by pandabear818
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Changes from Ferns to Gymnosperms | 1. Lost antheridia 2. No more flagellated sperm 3. The gametophyte is no longer free-living, now is dependent on mom sporophyte. |
| Retained from Fern to Gymnosperm | 1. Alternation of Genrations 2. Archegonium 3. Egg |
| Ferns have retained from bryophytes: | 1. Alt. of Generations 2. Flagellated gametes - only time male gametes are released is if there is water 3. Archegonium, antheridium 4. Sporophyte lives off of gametophyte |
| In gymnosperms: 1. Eggs are produced by a large cone. The female gamete is called ____. It is produced inside a ____. 2. Pollen is produced by a small cone. The male gamete is called a ___. It is produced in a ____. | 1. Megaspore, megasporangium. 2. Microspore (pollen), microsporangium. |
| After meiosis, megaspores are produced, only one of which survives to grow into a multicellular ____ (the other three degenerate in situ). | megagametophyte |
| Angiosperm's 2 great advances: | 1. Fruit to protect the seed 2. Flowers |
| Sporophyll | spore-bearing leaf |
| sorus (pl. sori) | cluster of spore-producing structures (sporangia) usually located under the lower surface of fern leaves |
| megasporangiate strobilus | female cone |
| megasporophyll | the scales on female cones |
| megasporangium | produce megaspores, give rise to female gametophytes |
| megasporocyte | megaspore mother cells |
| megaspore | produce female gametophytes |
| megagametophyte | female gametophyte in seed plants |
| microsporangiate strobilus (pl. strobili) | male cones |
| microsporophyll | sporophylls that bear microsporangia |
| microsporangium | sporangium that produce spores that give rise to male gametophytes |
| microsporocyte | diploid cells capable of undergoing meiosis to form a tetrad of haploid microspores |
| microspores | develop into male gametophytes |
| pollen | male gametophyte of seed plants |
| microgametophyte | male gametophyte (in seed plants it is the pollen grain ) |
| pollen tube | sperm travels down this pollen tube into the ovule |
| cotyledons | seed leaves - important storage organs. As seed matures, cotyledons absorb nutrients from the endosperm |
| seed | a seed consists of: embryo its food supply |
| integument | a layer of tissue that surrounds and protects the megasporangium and megaspore |
| seed coat | hard protective layer that forms the integuments of the ovule |
| monocotyledons | monocots - 1 of 2 main angiosperms, 1 cotyledon forms on the embryo |
| eudicotyledon | dicots, 2 cotyledons form |
| flower | the basic structure of sexual reproduction in angiosperms |
| inflorescence | in angiosperms, a cluster of flowers on a branch or a system of branches |
| sepal | help protect the flower bud before it opens |
| calyx | collectively, sepals are known as the calyx |
| petal | the colorful part of the flower |
| corolla | petals as a unit |
| stamen | male reproductive parts, contains pollen |
| anther | pollen is contained on the tip of the stamen, called the anther |
| filament | the stalk that holds the anther up |
| carpel | female reproductive parts |
| ovary | holds the ovules |
| ovule | where the female gametophyte developes and produces eggs |
| stigma | sticky and receives pollen |
| style | stem-like thing on top of ovary |
| double fertilization | 1 sperm fuses with eg, 1 sperm fuses with 2 polar nuclei to form a 3N cell |
| endosperm | plants way of storing food in the seed |
| fruit | protect seed and help with seed dispersal an enlarged ovary |
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