20482991
Description
Flashcards by Emma Chiaravalli, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emma Chiaravalli
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Hinged Clasp from the Sutton Hoo Burial Ship, 7th century, gold plaques with inlays of garnet and glass, England, length 5 inches - Shows a fusion of keltic roman germanic and norse cultures - Led to a new style of art - England was divided into five main kingdoms all constantly fighting - Sutton hoo- hoo means hill in olde English - Very important site for excavation - Burial mound for one person buried in a 90 foot long ship - Completely disintegrated - Imprint of the ship was still there - don’t know the identity of the man but he was really wealthy based on the stuff he was buried with - Millefiori - Blue checkered patterns with long rods of different colors stacked together then sliced - Used to clasp garments - A funerary object | |
| Chi Rho Iota Page from the Book of Kells, late 8th or early 9th century, oxgall inks and pigments on vellum, Scotland - Sacred objects - Some of the richest of the time period - Said to have protected against diseases - Very long process to be able to make the parchment from animal skins - Very long lasting - Writing and painting the images were both equally important - Pigments could be expensive - Labor made them valuable as well as the cost of the material - Book of kells - Used 185 calves just for the vellum - Gold and pigments - Covers were decorated with gold too - Contained the four gospels - The four accounts of Christ’s life - The section read at church on Christmas Eve - This page signifies the birth of christ but doesn’t show an image of him - Just uses words - Monks made these in a scriptoria - Deciphering these pages was a spiritual exercise - Meditative - Two mice at the bottom tiny eating a communion wafer | |
| Matthew Writing His Gospel, Lindisfarne Gospel Book, c. 715-720, ink and tempera on vellum, England - Like the book of kells has a puzzle like interlocking pattern - Notable because of the beauty but also because we have a lot of info of the history - Pigments came from the Himalayas - Animal patterns similar to the hinged clasp and brooch - Has the four gospels in it - Each one has a portrait of the gospel Matthew writing his gospel, lindisfarne gospel book - Like a lot of roman books showing the author’s portraits - Roman books at a library nearby | |
| Palace Chapel of Charlemagne, 792-805, Aachen, Germany - Gathered artists at his capital city to emulate the style of Rome - He was crowned holy roman emperor - Christian - Round arches seen in roman architecture - Arches and the octagon plan - Ordinary people would be on the first level and Charlemagne would be on the second | |
| Page with St. Matthew the Evangelist, Ebbo Gospels, 9th century, ink, gold, and colors on vellum, 10 ¼ x 8 ¾ inches, France | |
| Doors of Bishop Bernward, 1015, bronze, height 16’ 6”, Hildesheim, Germany - Imitating and out doing a version of some doors in Rome that were made of wood - Showing artistic achievement of the abbey - Not imitating classic roman style - Figures are not shown in a naturalized and idealistic way - Doesn’t show off knowledge of anatomy - More focused on the theological meaning of what is shown - Theological images of the new and Old Testament | |
| Cathedral of St. James, Santiago de Compostela, 1078-1122, Spain - Journeys that people took to see a holy site - Rome- pope was there - Jerusalem - Santiago di compostela - More accessible - Dangers - Bandits - No potable water - People tried to scam each other along the way - Relics - Pieces of wood (pieces of the cross) - Physical remains of saints - Bones and hair or garments - Way to show your piety or devotion and bring you closer to who the relic belonged to - Healing Reconstruction drawing of the cathedral of St. James, Santiago di Compostela - Churches were made especially to accommodate pilgrims - Cross shaped but has expansions allowing for more people - Nave (long part) with isles down the side - Rounded part where the alter would be- apse - Chapels around the apse - Functional | |
| Reliquary Statue of Sainte Foy (St. Faith), late 9th or 10th century, silver gilt over wood core with gems and cameos, 33” high, abbey church, France - Roman child who was about 12 - Refused to worship the roman gods so she was executed and because a saint - Houses her scull in this lavish sculpture - Reused a head from a roman sculpture - Spolia - Practical and also links the statue to Rome and the glory of the Roman Empire - Scared and holy site - Fitting for a roman martyr - Added the crown and more jewels in the 11th century - Pilgrims would come and show devotion - Sometimes they would bring gifts to gain favor and show devotion - Donated jewels and other gifts to increase the splendor of the relic - Concern that the statue was too lavish so people wouldn’t worship the saint but the statue - Didn’t really stop it - Churches want relics so pilgrims will give gifts to the church - On the back is an image of the crucified christ and bottom of the throne has another sacrifice | |
| Gislebertus, The Last Judgment, c. 1120-1130, west portal tympanum, Cathedral of Saint-Lazare, France - Hierarchic scale - Christ takes up 3/4 of the image - Symmetrical - Forms a kind of pattern - At his right are the blessed who are going to enter heaven - More orderly and calm scene - On the left are the danmed - Grotesque demon figures - Gates of hell - Shown as an animal mouth - Angel is weighing people good and bad - On the bottom are the pilgrims that take pilgrimages to churches - We know this because of the shell symbols - On the side of the blessed and closest to christ - Pilgrimages were a holy thing to do that would gain you merit and favor | |
| Virgin and Child, late 12th century, oak with polychromy, 31” high, France - Originally painted - Throne of wisdom - Symbolized the lion throne of Solomon - Known for wealth and being the wisest person in the world - Represented wisdom - Combination of naturalism and stylization - Faces are naturalistic but theres no individuality about them - Focused on the spirituality and meaning rather than creating a lifelike sculpture - Christs hands are missing but he probably would have been holding a scripture and raising a hand in blessing - Not meant to engage with the sculpture from all sides, only the front - Usually displayed on the alter - Or an active role in a liturgical drama - Circular indentation in her left shoulder - Some kind of relic in the sculpture | |
| The Bayeux Embroidery, c. 1066-1082, linen with wood embroidery, 20” high, Norman-Anglo-Saxon, England - Specific piece of the embroidery shows comet which is an omen for disaster - Backdrop for someone telling the story or event - Around the death of king Harold - norman conquest of England - Vikings cross the English Channel and defeat king Harold - Most likely designed by a norman - Shows king Harold as a trader - Justifies this conquest | |
| Hildegard of Bingen, Hildegard and Vomar, from the Liber Scivias, 1150-1175 - Led a convent - Receiving one of her visions - Was able to gain a lot of status as the leader of the convent - Got a lot of education and was able to write books | |
| Rose Window and Lancets, North Transept, Chartres Cathedral, c. 1230-1235, stained and painted glass, France - looks like a flower with petals and the windows below it are called lancets - Fills almost the whole wall - So colorful they would have been a special experience for people in the 13th century - Contains important imagery - Center - Virgin Mary enthroned with christ - Main focus because the church housed a relic of her - She is shown as queen of heaven - Outer part - Show the ancestry of Mary and christ - Attending angels and doves representing the Holy Spirit - Kings from the Hebrew Scriptures - Mary was a direct descendant of them - King David - Dressed in blue and white like Mary - Profits from the Old Testament - Spiritual fore bearers of christ - Lancets - Saint Anne - The virgin mary’s mother - The church also had part of her body - Good rulers at the top and bad at the bottom - Contrast - King of France paid for the window so it h | |
| The Sainte-Chapelle, Upper Chapel Interior, 1239-1248, Paris, France - Commissioned by Louis the 9th - Bought christ’s crown of thorns so made this chapel to house that relic - Very ornate jewel toned - Walls are mostly windows so there is a lot of light coming in | |
| Coppo de Marcovaldo, Crucifix, c. 1250-1270, tempera and gold on wood panel, Italy, 9’7” x 8’1” - Inspired by byzantine art - Byzantine was ransacked and a lot of it showed up in Italian art after that - Crucifix was displayed propped forward over the alter - Activated the space - Made it more physically present to worshippers |
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