2264597
Description
Flashcards by Rachael Mintah, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Rachael Mintah
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the difference between deontological ethics and teleological ethics? | Deontological - deontological systems are concerned with our moral duties and rest upon the belief that there are absolute duties that we must obey Teleological - teleological theories base its judgement on the outcome of actions and there are consequentialist |
| How is the Western legal constitution linked to deontological ethics? | It is based upon the provision of strict universal rules (eg. Do not steal) therefore we are still indebted to the Old Testament, Immanuel Kant and contemporary deontological thinkers |
| Describe the deontology of 'rights' | An action is morally right if it respects the rights which all humans have. deontology is concerned not with the instrumental properties of actions, but rather with the intrinsic properties of actions – whether they are good or bad in and of themselves. |
| Explain the context of Kant's form of deontology | Kant was an influential philosopher who lived a considerably dull life. This could have impacted his theories as his expectation of reality was flawed. Kant was one of the Enlightenment thinkers and adopted many of its ideas/values. |
| What was Kant's take on deontology? | Kant developed an absolutist and deontological ethical theory working on a priori rules. God and religion were NOT central to his thinking |
| How do Kant and Aquinas differ? | Kant did not believe that morality should be founded on natural theology. Kant did not bring in any assumptions which depended on belief in God as part of his approach to morality. Kant also rejects the CA/OA as God's existence cannot be proved |
| How does Kant fuse together rationalism and empiricism? | Kant accepts Hume’s view that in the world of experience we are largely governed by our desires. However, he refuses to accept that this is all there is. Instead, Kant follows the rationalists in arguing that human reason is a distinct faculty that is somehow independent of the world of experience, and therefore independent of our desires and nature. It is reason that makes us unique, that sets us apart from other animals. |
| According to Kant, how can one act autonomously? | It is only when we act according to pure reason, argues Kant, that we are truly free or (in his words) autonomous. Because it’s only when we act according to pure reason that we act independent of the desires that we share with other creatures. |
| What is the categorical imperative? | The categorical imperative tells you that you should do something, without any reference to the likely result/ |
| What is the hypothetical imperative? | The hypothetical imperative tells you what you should do in order to achieve a given result. If you’re not interested in promised result, no need to obey the command. |
| What are the different forms of the categorical imperative? | 1. Act only on that maxim (or principle) which you can – at the same time – will to become a universal law. 2. Act in such a way as to treat people as ends and never as means |
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