OCR AS Chemistry Flash Cards

Question	Answer
AS OCR Chemistry Notes	Image: 0f73e4fe-2166-4ea6-9fd7-8c16e31c8c7f (image/jpg)
Atomic Structure	Image: e770d68c-5083-4f6d-9c72-e1ef3906a870 (image/png)
ATOMIC NUMBER - The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. MASS NUMBER - The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. ISOTOPES - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons	ISOTOPES have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, so have similar chemical properties.
RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASS - The mass of an isotope compared to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon 12. RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS - The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of Carbon 12	PARTICLE RELATIVE MASS RELATIVE CHARGE proton 1 +1 neutron 1 0 electron 1/2000 -1
ORBITAL - A volume of space that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6	FIRST IONISATION ENERGY - The amount of energy required to remove an electron from each atom in 1 mol of gaseous atoms to form 1 mol of + gaseous ions. O(g) ----> O+(g) + e-
MOLES!	Image: 8971c9af-e0b6-4118-a4ee-7b38cff76c0e (image/jpg)
Image: f33d2c62-17a3-49d0-bc39-b9ae52b28a2f (image/png)	EMPIRICAL FORMULA - 1. mass/mol 2. divide b smallest number STOICHIOMETRY - the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction.
ACIDS + BASES	Image: 206c302f-6a9a-4631-99c8-61213fe5f96d (image/jpg)
ACID - proton donor. BASE - proton acceptor ALKALI - a base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-(aq) ions)	SALT - A chemical compound formed from an acid, when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, e.g. NH4+ WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION - H2O molecules that form a part of the crystalline structure of a compound
ACIDS HYDROCHLORIC ACID - HCl SULPHURIC ACID - H2SO4 NITRIC ACID - HNO3	BASES SODIUM HYDROXIDE - NaOH POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE - KOH AMMONIA - NH3: NH3(aq) + H2O(l) <----> NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)
SALTS H2SO4 ----> K2SO4 HCl ----> NaCl HNO3 ----> Ca(NO3)2	NEUTRALISATION REACTIONS ACID + CARBONATE ----> SALT + CO2 + H2O ACID + BASE ----> SALT + H2O ACID + ALKALI ----> SALT + WATER

AS OCR Chemistry Notes

Image: 0f73e4fe-2166-4ea6-9fd7-8c16e31c8c7f (image/jpg)

Atomic Structure

Image: e770d68c-5083-4f6d-9c72-e1ef3906a870 (image/png)

ATOMIC NUMBER - The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. MASS NUMBER - The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. ISOTOPES - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

ISOTOPES have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, so have similar chemical properties.

RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASS - The mass of an isotope compared to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon 12. RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS - The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of Carbon 12

PARTICLE RELATIVE MASS RELATIVE CHARGE proton 1 +1 neutron 1 0 electron 1/2000 -1

ORBITAL - A volume of space that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6

FIRST IONISATION ENERGY - The amount of energy required to remove an electron from each atom in 1 mol of gaseous atoms to form 1 mol of + gaseous ions. O(g) ----> O+(g) + e-

MOLES!

Image: 8971c9af-e0b6-4118-a4ee-7b38cff76c0e (image/jpg)

Image: f33d2c62-17a3-49d0-bc39-b9ae52b28a2f (image/png)

EMPIRICAL FORMULA - 1. mass/mol 2. divide b smallest number STOICHIOMETRY - the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction.

ACIDS + BASES

Image: 206c302f-6a9a-4631-99c8-61213fe5f96d (image/jpg)

ACID - proton donor. BASE - proton acceptor ALKALI - a base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-(aq) ions)

SALT - A chemical compound formed from an acid, when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, e.g. NH4+ WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION - H2O molecules that form a part of the crystalline structure of a compound

ACIDS HYDROCHLORIC ACID - HCl SULPHURIC ACID - H2SO4 NITRIC ACID - HNO3

BASES SODIUM HYDROXIDE - NaOH POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE - KOH AMMONIA - NH3: NH3(aq) + H2O(l) <----> NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)

SALTS H2SO4 ----> K2SO4 HCl ----> NaCl HNO3 ----> Ca(NO3)2

NEUTRALISATION REACTIONS ACID + CARBONATE ----> SALT + CO2 + H2O ACID + BASE ----> SALT + H2O ACID + ALKALI ----> SALT + WATER

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OCR AS Chemistry Flash Cards

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