24867811
Description
Flashcards by allisten cooper, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by allisten cooper
over 3 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| DEFINE Growth | A permanent increase in the size of an organism due to an increase in the number of cells |
| DEFINE mitosis | a type of nuclear division that causes cells to divide producing identical cells to the dividing cell during periods of growth and repair of an organism |
| Chromosomes | Protein based strands of material found in the nucleus that contain genes (coded instructions) to synthesis other proteins |
| Why is mitosis important for growth and repair in organisms? | Mitosis ensures that the genetic instruction is identical between cell generations thus the same cell types are maintained in areas of growth or when replacing damaged tissues. |
| DESCRIBE Mitosis | A type of nuclear division of 4 stages P,M,A,T, (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) that results in identical cells produced after cell division. |
| identify the parts of a nucleus during the stages of mitosis | nuclear membrane, chromosomeswith/without centromeres centrioles,spindle fibres,chromatids. |
| describe the process called mitosis | prophase :chomosomes replicate preparing for even distribution of chromosomes metaphase: Chromosome attach to spindle at their centromeres in a single file before separation anaphase: identical sister chromatids pull apart towards centrioles at opposite ends along spindle fibre tracks telophase: chromomes at opposite ends surrounded by nuclear membranes just before cytokinesis (cell division) |
| describe prophase Mitosis | chromosome thicken and replicate centriole separate to opposite ends forming spindle fibre tracks nuclear membrane breaksdown |
| How does the stages of mitosis ensure that identical cells are produced? | identical copies produced at Prophase with no mixing of genes between sister chromatids single file line up at Metaphase ensure that identical copies/sister chromatids are evenly separated at Anaphase |
| define Meristems | The Growing regions of a plant such as the apical stems/shoot tips and root tips that undergo mitosis and cell elongation. |
| Summary description of Germination | The water activated Metabolism of stored food in the cotyledon and or endoperm tissue of seeds to form the shoot/plumule and the root/radicle of the plant embryo. |
| Define metabolism | Enzyme activity that results in the break down/ catabolism of food materials eg. (digestion/respiration) and the build up of materials/anabolism eg. (growth/repair) |
| how is growth controlled in humans? | growth hormones from the pituitary gland and the hormones like testosterone and oestrogen affect the growth rate and development of the body eg. during puberty secondary sexual features develop. |
| how is growth measured? | by a measure of size - height and length of part or the whole organism and taking its mass as 1.fresh /living mass includes all the water 2.dry or dead mass without water |
| Determine the growth pattern represented by the graph is human or a plant growth pattern/ a. human b. plant GIVE REASON FOR YOUR ANSWER. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.