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Flashcards by Usman Rauf, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Josh Price
over 10 years ago
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Copied by Usman Rauf
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How many planets are there? | Eight |
| What orbits around the sun? | Earth Asteroids Dwarf Planets Comets |
| What do moons orbit? | Planets |
| Order these by size.... Planets, Moons, The Sun, Comets, Asteroids. | The Sun Planets Moons Comets Asteroids |
| How do the motions of planets, comets, asteroids, the sun, and moons differ? | - |
| How long ago was the solar system formed? | Five Thousand Million Years Ago |
| How was the solar system formed? | - |
| What does a galaxy contain? | Thousands of Millions of Stars |
| Arrange these in order of size... Earth Milky Way to Galaxy The Sun The Solar System The Milky Way The Earth's Orbit Sun to Nearest Star | Earth The Sun The Earth's Orbit The Solar System The Milky Way Sun to Nearest Star Milky Way to Galaxy |
| Where does the evidence for the distant stars and galaxies come from? | - |
| What speed does light travel at? | 300 000 km/s |
| What is a light year? | The distance travelled by light in one year. |
| How can the distance of a star be measured using parallax? | - |
| How can the distance of a star be estimated from its relative brightness? | - |
| What interferes with observations of the night sky? | Light pollution and other atmospheric conditions (eg. clouds). |
| Why are there uncertainties about the distances of stars and galaxies? | - |
| What is the source of the sun's energy? | - |
| Where were all chemical elements with atoms heavier than helium made? | In stars. |
| What does the redshift in the light coming from galaxies suggest? | - |
| The ________ a galaxy is, the _______ it is moving _______ from us. | Further Faster Away |
| How does the motion of galaxies suggest that space itself is expanding? | - |
| Order these by age... The Earth The Sun The Universe | The Universe The Sun The Earth |
| How do scientists believe the universe began? | With a 'Big Bang'. |
| Why is the fate of the universe difficult to predict? | - Hard to measure large distances involved - Hard to measure the mass of the universe - Hard to study the motion of very distant objects |
| How do rocks provide evidence for changes in the Earth? | - |
| What would happen if mountains were not continually being formed? | Continents would be worn down to sea level. |
| How can the rock processes seen today account for past changes? | - |
| How can the age of the Earth be estimated? | - |
| Explain Wegner's theory of continental drift. | - |
| What is the evidence for continental drift? | - |
| How does Wegener's theory account for mountain building? | - |
| Why were Wegener's suggestions rejected at the time? | - Movement of continents was not detectable - Wegener was not a geologist - Simpler explanations for the same evidence |
| What is seafloor spreading? | - |
| How much do seafloors spread by each year? | A few centimeters. |
| How can the pattern in the magnetisation of seafloor rocks on either side of the oceanic ridges be explained? | - |
| Where do earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains generally occur? | At the edges of tectonic plates. |
| How does the movement of tectonic plates cause earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and contribute to the rock cycle? | - |
| What types of waves do earthquakes produce? | P-Waves (Longitudinal) S-Waves (Transverse) |
| What are the differences between P-Waves and S-Waves? | P-Waves travel through solids and liquids. they travel as compressions. S-Waves travel through solids but not liquids. The material of the Earth moves from side to side as the wave travels along. |
| How can differences between wave speeds and behavior of P-Waves and S-Waves give evidence for the structure of the Earth? | - |
| Label a diagram of the Earth to show its crust, mantle and core. | - |
| What is a wave? | A disturbance, caused by a vibrating source, that transfers energy in the direction that the wave travels, without transferring matter. |
| What is the frequency of waves? | The number of waves each second which are made by the source, or that pass through any particular point? |
| What is the unit for wave frequency? | Hertz (Hz) |
| What is wavelength? | The distance between the corresponding points on two adjacent cycles. |
| What is amplitude? | The distance from the maximum displacement to the undisturbed position. |
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