2594502
Description
Flashcards by addienicole16, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by addienicole16
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| AIM | Investigate whether autistic adults lack a theory of mind; and to find out whether normal females are better at 'reading the mind through the yes' than normal males. |
| GROUPS | 3 GROUPS: 1) Autism/ Asperger's group 2) Normal group 3) Tourette's group |
| AUTISM GROUP | 1) 16 participants are selected from clinics and the National Autistic Society Magazine, 'Communication'. 2) Consists of13 males and 3 females. 3)Normal intelligence- mean I.Q of 105. 4) 4 participants have high-functioning autism, remaining 12 have Asperger's. |
| NORMAL GROUP | 1) 50 participants with no psychiatric history are selected from the Cambridge area. 2) 25 males and 25 females of normal intelligence. 2) Age-matched. |
| TOURETTE'S GROUP | 1) 10 participants are selected from a London referral centre. 2) 8 males and 2 females of normal intelligence- mean I.Q of 103. 3) Age and intelligence matched. |
| 4 TESTS | 1) Reading the mind through the eyes 2) Happe's strange stories 3) Gender identification control task 4) Basic emotions recognition control task |
| READING THE MIND THROUGH THE EYES TASK. | 1) 4 judges select 25 black and white photos from magazines, showing the same area of face and are the same size. 2) They select 25 target and foil words- foil word is always the semantic opposite of target word. 3) Pilot study conducted on 8 people. 4) Actual study then conducted on actual participants, who are shown the photos for 3 seconds. 5) Photos have the target and foil words written underneath. Question is posed to the participant: |
| QUESTION | ''Which of these words best decribes what this person is thinking or feeling?'' |
| 3 EXAMPLES OF TARGET AND THEIR FOIL WORDS. | 1) Interested/Disinterested 2) Cautious about something over there/Relaxed about something over there 3) Noticing you/Ignoring you |
| RESULTS | 16.3/ 20.3/ 20.4 RESPECTIVELY (autism/ normal/ tourette's) Normal females are better at this task than normal males- 21.8 score compared to 18.8. |
| HAPPE'S STRANGE STORIES | 1) Autism and Tourette's group are told a story, either about a character's mental state or a physical event. 2) Asked questions specific to the situation, i.e. ''Is it true what Jim says? Why does he say this?'' |
| RESULTS | Tourette's Group make no mistakes but Autism/Asperger's group have difficulty on this task. |
| GENDER RECOGNITION TASK | Conducted to know if poor performance on eyes task is due to a deficit in face or social perception. 1) Participants are shown the same 25 photos of eyes and asked to identify the gender in each photo. |
| RESULTS | 24.1/ 23.3/ 23.7 RESPECTIVELY (autism/ normal/ tourette's) Normal males are better at this task than normal females- 24 compared to 23.3 |
| BASIC EMOTIONS RECOGNITION | Conducted to see if poor performance on eyes task is due to a deficit in recognising basic expressions of emotion instead of lacking a theory of mind. 1) Participants are shown 6 full-face photos and asked to judge 6 emotions. |
| EMOTIONS | 1) Happy 2) Sad 3) Surprise 4) Angry 5) Afraid 6) Disgust |
| RESULTS | There are no differences between the groups. |
| RESULTS | There are no differences between the groups. |
| NAME 3 FINDINGS | 1) Autism spectrum adults lack theory of mind. 2) Women have a higher advanced theory of mind than men. 3) Little difference in overall performance between normal and tourette's group. |
| DEFINITION OF THEORY OF MIND IS... | An individual's ability to recognise that others have different emotions from their own and to be able make inferences about how they will act as a result of this. |
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