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Description
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Malachy Moran-Tun
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the Two Types of Waves? | Longitudinal Transverse |
| Waves can transfer ________ and information without _______ | Waves can transfer ENERGY and information without PARTICLES |
| Which way do Particles Oscillate in a Transverse Wave? | Perpendicular |
| Which way do Particles Oscillate in a Longitudinal Wave? | Parallel |
| What are some examples of Transverse Waves? | > EM Spectrum (Light) > Beach Waves > Transverse Seismic Waves (could not have guessed that) |
| What are some examples of Longitudinal Waves? | > Sound > Longitudinal Seismic Waves (wow really?) |
| What is Frequency? | How often a wave passes a certain point |
| What equation links Frequency and Time? | Frequency (Hz) = 1 ÷ Time (s) or t = 1 ÷ f |
| What equation links Wavespeed, Wavelength and Frequency? | Wavespeed (m/s) = Wavelength (m) × Frequency (Hz) or λ = v ÷ f or f = v ÷ λ |
| How fast does Light (EM Spectrum) travel in a Vacuum? | 3 × 10⁸ |
| What is a Medium | The material a wave travels through |
| Describe the 3 things can a Wave do when it Reaches a Boundary between Different Media? | Reflect - Bounces Off Transmit - Passes Through and is NOT Absorbed or Reflected Absorb - Disappears as the Energy it is Carrying is Transferred to the Material |
| What is Refraction? | When a wave crosses a boundary changing the speed and therefore direction. The speed change is caused by a change in wavelength The frequency remains the same |
| Refraction Diagrams in Revision Guide | ok |
| What are the 2 Types of Reflection? | 1. Specular 2. Diffuse |
| What is Specular Reflection? | When waves are reflected in a single direction by a smooth surface |
| What is an Example of Specular Reflection? | Light hitting a mirror |
| What is Diffuse Reflection? | When waves are reflected by a rough surface in all directions |
| What is an Example of Diffuse Reflection? | Light hitting anything that usually isn't classed as "shiny" so.... Light hitting paper Light hitting rough water etc. |
| What type of Wave is a Sound Wave? | Longitudinal |
| How does Sound Travel? | Vibrating objects (usually air particles, but also solid and liquids). The particles DO NOT travel, but just pass on the vibrations |
| Why can't Sound Travel in a Vacuum (like Space)? | There is no medium (particles) for the sound to be passed on by |
| What are Echoes? | Reflected Sound Waves |
| How do you Hear Sound? | > Sound Waves causes Eardrum to Vibrate > Vibrations are Passed along the Ossicles and to the Cochlea > Cochlea turns into Electrical Signals > Brain Interprets these Signals as Sound |
| What is the Range of Human Hearing? | 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz (20 Hz - 20 kHz) |
| What is Infrasound? | Sound with Frequencies below 20 Hz (below Human Range of Hearing) |
| What is Ultrasound | Sound with Frequencies above 20,000 Hz (above Human Range of Hearing) |
| Ultrasound Waves get ________ ________ at Boundaries | Ultrasound Waves get Partially Reflected at Boundaries |
| How can the Partial Reflection of Ultrasound be Useful? | Measure how far away the boundary is |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Ultrasound? | > Ultrasound Imaging > Sonar > probably other stuff idk |
| What Equation links Distance, Wavespeed and Time? | Distance (m) = Wavespeed (m/s) × Time (s) or v = x ÷ t or t = x ÷ v |
| What Causes Seismic Waves? | Earthquakes and Explosions |
| What are the 2 Types of Seismic Waves? | S-waves and P-waves |
| What are the Layers of the Earth (starting from the top)? | Crust (almost) Solid Mantle Liquid Outer Core Solid Inner Core |
| Describe P-waves | > Able to Travel through the Earth's Core > Longitudinal > Travel through Liquids and Solids > Travel Faster than S-waves |
| Describe S-waves | > Unable to Travel through the Earth's Core > Transverse > Only Travel through Solids > Travel Slower than P-waves |
| What are the Colours of the Rainbow | Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet i mean- gey |
| What is White Light? | Mixture of All the Different Colours of Light |
| How does an Opaque Object have Colour? | (White) Light is Shone onto the Object, the Colour is Reflected and the other Colours are Absorbed |
| What are the Primary Colours (of Light) | Red, Green, Blue (ebic gamr moment) |
| What does a Colour Filter do? | Only lets through Particular Wavelengths of Light |
| Lenses in the Revision Guide | too many diagrams |
| What are the Groups of the Electromagnetic Spectrum? | Radio Waves Microwaves Infrared Radiation Visible Light Ultraviolet Light X-Rays Gamma Rays |
| What Group of the EM Spectrum has the Largest Wavelength? | Radio Waves |
| What Group of the EM Spectrum has the Smallest Wavelength? | Gamma Waves |
| What are the Frequencies of EM Waves? | Radio Waves - (1 to 10⁴ m) Microwaves - 10⁻² m Infrared - 10⁻⁵ m Visible Light - 10⁻⁷ m Ultraviolet Light - 10⁻⁸ m X-Rays - 10⁻¹⁰ m Gamma Rays - 10⁻¹⁵ m |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Radio Waves? | > Radio Broadcasting > Bluetooth Signals |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Microwaves? | > Satellite Communication (Received by a Satellite Dish) > Microwaves (wow really?) |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Infrared Radiation? | > Thermal Cameras > Electric Heaters > Literally anything that cooks apart from microwaves > The LITERAL INTERNET (optical fibres) |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Visible Light? | > SEEING Y'IDIOT > photos too |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Ultraviolet Light? | > Fluorescent Lamps > Invisible Ink > Bank Notes and Passports > Sterilisation of Water and Food > Cancer |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of X-Rays? | > X-Rays (wow) |
| What are some Examples of the Uses of Gamma Rays? | > Sterilisation of Medical Instruments > Sterilisation of Food > Cancer Treatment (Radiotherapy) |
| What are some Dangers of EM Waves? | Higher Frequency means more Energy High Frequency Waves can cause Radiation Radiation can cause Cancer |
| How do EM Waves affect Temperature? | > Average Emitted > Average Absorbed -> Loses Temperature > Average Emitted < Average Absorbed -> Gains Temperature > Average Emitted = Average Absorbed -> Constant Temperature |
| How is the Earth's Temperature affected by EM Waves? | > Some Radiation is Reflected by the Atmosphere, Clouds and Surface > Some Radiation is Absorbed by the Atmosphere, Clouds and Surface > Some Radiation is Emitted by the Atmosphere, Clouds and Surface |
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