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Cholinergic Drugs

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Lebanese American University - Medical Chemistry 1
Majd Fawaz
Flashcards by Majd Fawaz, updated more than 1 year ago
Majd Fawaz
Created by Majd Fawaz almost 6 years ago
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Question Answer
State the effects of ACh on - Vasculature - Eye - Salivary and Lacrimal Glands - Bronchi - Heart - GI Tract - Urinary Blander - Sweat Glands - Male Reproductive Tract - Uterus - Vasculature: Indirect Vasodilation (NO) - Eye: Miosis+Accommodation (Near) - Salivary Glands: Inc. Watery Secretions - Bronchi: Constrition - Heart: Bradycardia+Dec. Conductivity (AV node) - GI Tract: Inc. Tone, Secretions+Relax Sphincter - Urinary Blander: Detrusor Muscle Contraction+Relax Sphincter - Sweat Glands: Diaphorisis - Male Reproductive Tract: Erection - Uterus: Variable
Image: 1 +Muscarine (binary/octet-stream)
- Muscarine - Isolated from Amanita Muscaria (Mushroom) - Epi-Allo-Epiallo Isomers
Image: 2 +Nicotine (binary/octet-stream)
- Nicotine
Image: 3 +Acetylcholine (binary/octet-stream)
- Acetylcholine - Non Selective Cholinergic Agonist - pH Independent - Not Used Clinically
Image: 4 +Methacholine (binary/octet-stream)
- Methacholine - Muscarinic Agonist - (+) is Equipotent to ACh - More Resistance to AChE
Image: 5 +Carbachol (binary/octet-stream)
- Carbachol - Similar Potency to ACh - Non Selective - More Resistance to AChE
Image: 6 +Bethanechol (binary/octet-stream)
- Bethanechol - Potent Selective Muscarinic Agonist - (+) > (-) - More Resistance to AChE
Image: 7 +Choline+Ethyl+Ether (binary/octet-stream)
- Choline Ethyl Ether - Muscarinic Agonist - Exception to the SAR
Image: 8 +Pilocarpine (binary/octet-stream)
- Pilocarpine - Alkaloid (Pilocarpus Jaborandi) - Potant Muscarinic Agonist - Hydrolisis and Epimerization Give 2 Inactive Products (Pilocarpic Acid, Isopilocarpine)
Image: 9 +Physostigmine (binary/octet-stream)
- Physostigmine - Reversible AChEI - Alkaloid (Physostigma venenosum/Calanbar Bean) - Exhibits High Affinity to AChE Compared to Carbachol - Used To Treat Glaucoma and Overdoses of Anticholinergics - Light Sensitive - Undegoes Hydrolysis in Aqeuous Sol.
Image: 14 +Eseroline (binary/octet-stream)
- Eseroline - Inactive product of Physostigmine Degradation
Image: 15 +Rubreserine (binary/octet-stream)
- Rubreserine - Inactive product of Physostigmine Degradation - Red in Color - Used to Identify Shelf Life of Physostigmine
Image: 10 +Neostigmine (binary/octet-stream)
- Neostigmine - Reversible AChEI – Synthetic compounds – Ionized – Indicated for Myastenia Gravis
Image: 11 Pyridostigmine (binary/octet-stream)
- Pyridostigmine - Reversible AChEI – Synthetic compounds – Ionized – Indicated for Myastenia Gravis
Image: 12 +Rivastigmine (binary/octet-stream)
- Rivastigmine - Reversible AChEI - Used for Alzheimer’s Disease
Image: 13 +Carbaryl (binary/octet-stream)
- Carbaryl - Reversible AChEI
Image: 16 +Donepezil (binary/octet-stream)
- Donepezil - Reversible AChEI - Used for Alzheimer’s Disease - Lacks Hepatotoxicity
Image: 17 +Tacrine (binary/octet-stream)
- Tacrine - Reversible AChEI - Used for Alzheimer’s Disease - Reported Hepatotoxicity
Image: 18 +Edrophonium (binary/octet-stream)
- Edrophonium - Reversible AChEI - Class: Bisquaternery amonium - Myastenia Graves VS Cholinergic Criss - Rapid Renal Excretion - No Medicinal Use
Image: 19 +Demecarium+Bromide (binary/octet-stream)
- Demecarium bromide - Reversible AChEI - Class: Bisquaternery amonium
Image: 20 +Galantamine (binary/octet-stream)
- Galantamine - Reversible AChEI - Class: Bisquaternery amonium
Image: 21 +Ambenonium+Cholride (binary/octet-stream)
- Ambenonium Cholride - Reversible AChEI - Class: Bisquaternery amonium
Image: 22 +Sarin (binary/octet-stream)
- Sarin - Irreversible AChEI (Organophosphate) - Very Lipophilic - Deadly Nerve Gas - Faster Aging
Image: 23 +Diisopropylflourophosphate (binary/octet-stream)
- Diisopropylflourophosphate (DFP) - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic - Deadly Nerve Gas
Image: 24 +Echothiophate+Iodide (binary/octet-stream)
- Echothiophate iodide - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic - Used as Eye Drops for Glaucoma
Image: 25 +Malathion (binary/octet-stream)
- Malathion - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic - Poor AChE Inhibitor (Malathionic Acid as well)
Image: 30 +Malaoxone (binary/octet-stream)
- Malaoxone - x10000 > inhibition than Malathion
Image: 26 +Parathion (binary/octet-stream)
- Parathion - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic - Poor AChE Inhibitor
Image: 27 +Paraoxon (binary/octet-stream)
- Paraoxon - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic - Good AChE Inhibitor
Image: 28 +Schradan (binary/octet-stream)
- Schradan - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic
Image: 29 +Dichlofenthion (binary/octet-stream)
- Dichlofenthion - Irreversible AChEI - Very Lipophilic
Image: 31 Obidoxime (binary/octet-stream)
- Obidoxime - Organophosphate Antidote (Give within 30 min) - Ionized (Periphery) - Should be given in combination
Image: 32 +Diacetyl+Monoxime (binary/octet-stream)
- Diacetyl monoxime (DAM) - Organophosphate Antidote (Give within 30 min) - Centrally - Should be given in combination
Image: 33 +2 Pam (binary/octet-stream)
- 2-Pyridyl Acetyl Monooxime (2-PAM) - Organophosphate Antidote (Give within 30 min) - Ionized (Periphery) - Should be given in combination
Image: 1 +Atropine (binary/octet-stream)
- Atropine - Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonist - Alkaloid (Atropa Belladonna/Datura Stramonium)
Image: 2 +Scopolamin (binary/octet-stream)
- Scopolamin - Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonist - Alkaloid (Hyoscyamus niger)
Image: 3 +Glycopyrrolate (binary/octet-stream)
- Glycopyrrolate - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce mydriasis - Antisecretory - Main Use: Anti-Ulcer Othe Use: Anti-Diarrhea, Anti-Asthmatic
Image: 4 +Proprantheline (binary/octet-stream)
- Propantheline - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Main Use: Anti-Ulcer Othe Use: Anti-Diarrhea, Anti-Asthmatic
Image: 5 +Clidinium (binary/octet-stream)
- Clidinium - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Main Use: Anti-Ulcer Othe Use: Anti-Diarrhea, Anti-Asthmatic
Image: 6 +Ipratropium (binary/octet-stream)
- Ipratropium - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Main Use: Anti-Asthmatic
Image: 7 +Flavoxate (binary/octet-stream)
- Flavoxate - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - pH Dependent
Image: 8 +Oxyphencyclimine (binary/octet-stream)
- Oxyphencyclimine - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Use: Parkinson
Image: 9 +Procyclidine (binary/octet-stream)
- Procyclidine - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - pH Dependent - Central/Peripheral Effect
Image: 10 +Trihexyphenidyl (binary/octet-stream)
- Trihexyphenidyl - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - pH Dependent - Central/Peripheral Effect
Image: 11 +Benzatropine (binary/octet-stream)
- Benzatropine - Competitive Antagonist - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Use: Parkinson
Image: 12 Orphenadrine (binary/octet-stream)
- Orphenadrine - Competitive Antagonist - Anticholinergic > Antihistaminic - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Use: Parkinson
Image: 13 +Diphenhydramine (binary/octet-stream)
- Diphenhydramine - Competitive Antagonist - Anticholinergic < Antihistaminic - Antispasmodic Effects - Produce Mydriasis - Antisecretory - Use: Parkinson
Image: 14 +Pirenzepine (binary/octet-stream)
- Pirenzepine - Selective M1 antagonist - Class: 1,5 BDZ - Use: Peptic Ulcer
Image: 15 +Telenzepine (binary/octet-stream)
- Telenzepine - Selective M1 antagonist - Class: 1,5 BDZ - Use: Peptic Ulcer
Image: 16 +Hexamethonium (binary/octet-stream)
- Hexamethonium - Ganglionic blockers - Class: Bis-quaternaryamonium - Local Effect
Image: 17 +Trimetaphan (binary/octet-stream)
- Trimetaphan - Ganglionic blockers - Class: Sulfonium - Local Effect
Image: 18 +Pentolinium (binary/octet-stream)
- Pentolinium - Ganglionic blockers - Class: Bis-quaternaryamonium - Local Effect
Image: 19 +Mecamylamine (binary/octet-stream)
- Mecamylamine - Ganglionic blockers - Class: 2nd Amine - Systemic Effect
Image: 20 +Pempidine (binary/octet-stream)
- Pempidine - Ganglionic blockers - Class: 3rd Amine - Systemic Effect
Image: 21 +Succinylcholine (binary/octet-stream)
- Succinylcholine - DNMJ Blockers - Low DOA
Image: 22 +Tubocurarine (binary/octet-stream)
- Tubocurarine - NDNMJ Blockers - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 23 +Pancuronium (binary/octet-stream)
- Pancuronium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Ammonium Steroids - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 24 +Vecuronium (binary/octet-stream)
- Vecuronium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Ammonium Steroids - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 25 +Pipecuronium (binary/octet-stream)
- Pipecuronium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Ammonium Steroids - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 26 +Rocuronium Structure (binary/octet-stream)
- Rocuronium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Ammonium Steroids - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 27 +Atracurium Besilate (binary/octet-stream)
- Atracurium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Benzylisoquinoline - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 28 +Mivacurium (binary/octet-stream)
- Mivacurium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Benzylisoquinoline - Shortest DOA - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 29 +Doxacurium Chloride (binary/octet-stream)
- Doxacurium - Competitive Antagonists (Treatable) - Lack CNS Effect - Given IV - Class: Benzylisoquinoline - Use: Muscle Relaxtion
Image: 30 Laudanosine (binary/octet-stream)
- Laudanosine
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