2825538
Description
Flashcards by Ellie Shuter, updated more than 1 year ago
More
| Question | Answer |
| What does infrared radiation involve? | The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic radiation. |
| What does Kinetic Theory explain? | The different states and properties of matter in terms of the movement of the particles. |
| What is conduction? | The process where vibrating particles pass on their extra kinetic energy to neighbouring particles. Metals are good conductors because they contain free electrons. |
| What is convection? | The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
| What is evaporation? | The transfer of energy at the surface of a liquid. The opposite effect, where the gas or vapour returns to a liquid state at the surface, is called condensation. |
| What factors affect the rate at which a material transfers energy? | - Its surface area and volume - The type of material - The nature of the surface - Its temperature |
| What do U-values measure? What does a lower U-value mean? | How effective a particular material is as an insulator. The better the material is as an insulator. A U-value must be below 1. |
| What is the Specific heat Capacity? | The amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1°C. |
| What is a Sankey Diagram? | A diagram that shows the relative proportions of energy transfers using arrow. The width of arrows are proportional to the amount of energy they represent. |
| Give two examples of fossil fuels | Coal Oil Gas |
| What is a biofuel? | Solid, liquid or gas obtained from lifeless or living biological material. |
| What are transformers used for? | To change the potential difference (voltage) of the alternating current (a.c.) before and after it is transmitted through the National Grid. |
| Fill in the missing gaps: Power Station --> Step-____ Transformer --> Power Lines --> Step-____ Transformer --> Houses, shops, etc... | Up Down |
| What is a Transverse Wave? | A wave where the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. |
| What is a Longitudinal Wave? | A wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer. |
| What is the amplitude of a wave? | The distance from the rest position to the crest position which is half the vertical distance from a trough to a crest. |
| What is the frequency of a wave? | The number of waves passing a fixed point each second. |
| What 7 things does the Electromagnetic Spectrum consist of? | Radio Waves Micro Waves Infrared Radiation Visible Light Ultraviolet rays X-Rays Gamma Rays |
| A Radio Wave has a ____ Frequency and a _____ Wavelength. | Low Long |
| A Gamma Ray has a ____ frequency and a _____ wavelength. | High Short |
| What are Radio Waves used for? | Television and radio signals |
| What are Microwaves used for? | Mobile phone networks and satellite communication Cooking - water molecules absorb microwaves and heat up |
| What is Infrared Radiation used for? | Remote controls for televisions Grills, toasters and radiant heaters Optical Fibre communication |
| What is reflection? What is diffraction? What is refraction? | When a wave strikes a surface and it changes direction. Where waves spread out as they pass through a gap. Where waves change speed and direction when travelling from one medium to another. |
| What is the normal line? | A construction line drawn perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence. |
| When an object is viewed in a plane mirror the image formed is... | Virtual (i.e. on the opposite side of the mirror) Upright (i.e. in the same orientation) The same size (as the object) Laterally inverted (i.e. left becomes right) |
| What type of wave is a sound wave? | A longitudinal wave. |
| What is the Doppler effect? | It’s the apparent change in the frequency of a wave caused by relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. |
| What is red-shift? | When a light source moves away from you, the observed wavelength increases and the frequency decreases. (The opposite applies for blue shift) |
| Give two pieces of evidence that the red-shift of light provides in terms of our universe. | The whole universe is expanding The expansion began from a very small initial point in a huge explosion known as the Big bang. |
| What does CMBR stand for, and what is it? | Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation A form of electromagnetic radiation that fills the entire Universe. It comes from radiation that was around shortly after the beginning of the universe, but which has now been stretched. |
| What does a renewable resource mean? List 4 types of renewable energy sources and state an advantage and disadvantage of each. | A renewable energy resource is one that will never run out. Wind-Infinite energy supply. However, spoils the countryside. Solar- Infinite energy supply. However, can be very expensive. Hydroelectric-Creates water and energy supplies. However, is expensive and can cause floods. Geothermal-Infinite supply of energy. However, is very expensive and dangerous. |
| What do dark, matt surfaces do to infrared radiation? | Absorb and Emit infrared radiation. |
| What do light shiny surfaces do to infrared radiation? | Reflect infrared radiation. |
| What can energy do? | Energy can be transferred but cannot be created or destroyed. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.