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Description
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Malachy Moran-Tun
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a Network? | Two or more computers / electronic devices that are connected together to allow communication between them |
| What are the Advantages of Using Networks? | > File Sharing - users can easily share files between computers > Roaming Access - users can access their files on any computer in the network by signing in > Hardware Sharing - uses can share hardware, such as a printer > Communication - users can communicate via email, chat, or video etc. |
| What are the Disadvantages of Using Networks? | > Cost - additional equipment and maintenance is required > Management - networks require management by technical staff > Spread of Malware - easily spread across a unsecure network > Hacking - data can be access without the device owner's permission |
| What is a LAN? | > Local Area Network > Network connected in a geographically small area (such as a business, school, home etc.) > Hardware owned and maintained by the organisation |
| What is a WAN? | > Wide Area Network > Network connected over a large geographical area (nationally, between different countries, internationally etc.) > Hardware is owned and maintained by a telecommunication company, usually an ISP (Internet Service Provider) > Connects smaller LANs together > Internet is a WAN |
| What Factors Affect the Performance of a Network? | > Bandwidth - the amount of data that can be transferred in a given time > Amount of Users - more users contribute to the bandwidth of a network > Transmission Media - wired > wireless networks, but fibre optic cables > copper cables > Network Topology used |
| What is Latency? | Measure of low long it takes for messages to travel from one device to another across a network |
| What is a Transmission Error? | When devices that try to communicate to eachother have their signals collide / be interfered and not transmit data |
| What is a Peer-to-Peer Network? | > All devices are equal > Connect to eachother directly, without a server > Store files on individual devices to be shared with others > Usually used at home to share files or connect to a printer |
| What are the Advantages of a Peer-to-Peer Network? | > Easy to Maintain - no additional hardware or expertise needed > No Dependence - if one device fails, the network can remain up and running |
| What are the Disadvantages of a Peer-to-Peer Network? | > No Centralised Management - each device need to be updated regularly, secured regularly, and backed up regularly, which can't be done all at once > Duplicate Files - created when files are shared, which can make it easy to lose track of which files are up-to-date > Less Reliable - there is no expensive hardware to make it reliable > Slow Down - other devices accessing a computer can slow it down |
| What is a Client-Server Network? | > Managed by a central server > Devices connected to the server are client > Files and software are stored centrally on the server > Clients send requests to the server, which processes and responds (client-server relationship) > Server can store user profiles, passwords, and access information - can deny access to files > Majority of the Internet uses this relationship (e.g. websites) |
| What are the Advantages of a Client-Server Network? | > Files are stored centrally and easy to keep track of > Back-ups can be done easily > Installing and updating software is easy > Network security and user access levels can be easily implemented > Servers have expensive hardware to make them more reliable |
| What are the Disadvantages of a Client-Server Network? | > Expensive to setup and maintain, requiring IT specialists > Server dependence - if the server goes down, all clients loose access (the network goes down) > Server can become overloaded if too many clients are accessing |
| What is a Network Interface Controller? | > Also known as a NIC > Internal piece of hardware that allows a device to connect to a network > Separate cards built into the motherboard > Exist for both wired and wireless connections |
| What is a Switch? | > Connect devices on a LAN > Receive data (in frames) > Transmit data to the device on the network > Uses MAC addresses |
| What is a Router? | > Transmit data BETWEEN a network (unlike a switch which is within a network) > Direct data called packets to their destination > Connects LANs to the Internet > Home routers are usually a router, switch, and WAP |
| What is a Wireless Access Point? | > Also known as a WAP > Allows devices to connect to a network wirelessly |
| What are the Different Types of Networking Cables? | > Ethernet - four twister pairs of copper wire, used to connect devices in a LAN > Coaxial - single copper wire surrounded by plastic insulation and a metallic mesh > Fibre Optic - transmits data as light, making them high performance and unable to suffer from interference |
| What is the Internet? | > Collection of worldwide computer networks > Enables communication on an international scale > Devices that connect to the Internet become a part of it > Based around TCP / IP |
| What is the World Wide Web? | > Collection of websites that are hosted on webservers > Accessed through HTTP(S) protocol |
| What is a Domain Name Server? | > Also known as a DNS > Takes the domain name (e.g. "primedpixel.co.uk") looks up its equivalent network IP address > Allows a browser to connect to a website > If an IP address is not found on the DNS server, it asks a higher DNS where, if found, the IP is stored on both DNSs |
| What is the Cloud? | > Storing files on a webserver > But: used for general storage of user files > Provides online software to access these files > Acts as an extension of a traditional client-server network |
| What are the Advantages of Cloud Computing? | > Access files from any device on the Internet > Easy to increase storage size > No expensive hardware needed > Cheaper as no maintenance is required on the user's behalf > Security and backups are provided by the cloud host > Cloud software is automatically updated |
| What are the Disadvantages of Cloud Computing? | > Requires an Internet connection > Security and backups are dependent on the host (no guarantee) > Data can be vulnerable to hackers if not properly secured > Legally unclear who owns the cloud data > Subscription fees for cloud software can be expensive |
| What is a Virtual Network? | > Entirely software-based network > Partitions off a physical network's bandwidth to form it > Several networks can exist on the same physical one > All the networks share the same hardware > Each virtual network has its own security, so login information / software can be required to access them > Can connect geographically unrelated computers together using the Internet |
| What is a Virtual Private Network? | > Also known as a VPN > It is NOT what the ads tell you > Used to send data securely over a large network (WAN) > Can be used so employees / students can access their files at home https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVDQEoe6ZWY |
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