Flashcards
Chpt 9
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1corporal punishmentThe administration of bodily pain as punishment
for a crime. - 2deterrenceThe philosophy and practices that emphasize making
criminal behavior less appealing. - 3specific deterrenceA concept based on the premise that a
person is best deterred from committing future crimes by the
specific nature of the punishment. - 4specific deterrenceA concept based on the premise that a
person is best deterred from committing future crimes by the
specific nature of the punishment. - 5general deterrenceThe concept based on the logic that people
who witness the pain suffered by those who commit crimes will
want to avoid that pain and will refrain from criminal activity. - 6incapacitationDeterrence based on the premise that the only
way to prevent criminals from reoffending is to remove them
from society. - 7banishmentThe removal of an offender from the community
- 8transportationThe eighteenth-century practice by Great
Britain of sending offenders to the American colonies and
later to Australia. - 9retributionDeterrence based on the premise that criminals
should be punished because they deserve it. - 10rehabilitationDeterrence based on the premise that criminals
can be “cured” of their problems and criminality and can be
returned to society. - 11rehabilitationDeterrence based on the premise that criminals
can be “cured” of their problems and criminality and can be
returned to society. - 12medical modelThe rehabilitation model that views criminality as
a disease to be cured. - 13restorative justiceA model of deterrence that uses restitution
programs, community work programs, victim-offender mediation,
and other strategies not only to rehabilitate the offender, but also
to address the damage done to the community and the victim. - 14legally saneAn assumption that a defendant knows right from
wrong and that his or her behavior was willful. - 15not guilty by reason of insanityA verdict by which the jury finds
that a defendant committed the crime but was insane. - 16civil commitment examinationA determination of whether the
defendant should be released or confined to an institution for
people with mental illness. - 17guilty but mentally illA new type of verdict in which the jury
finds a defendant mentally ill but sufficiently aware to be morally
responsible for his or her criminal acts. - 18impeachmentA process for removing judges or elected officials
from office. - 19voir dire processThe questioning of potential jurors to determine
whether they have biases that would disqualify them from
jury service. - 20presentence investigatorA person who works for the court and
has the responsibility of investigating the background of the convicted
offender and the circumstances surrounding the offense. - 21sentencing hearingA hearing at which the prosecution and the
defense have the opportunity to challenge the recommended
criminal sanctions. - 22victim impact statementsTestimony by victims at a convicted
offender’s sentencing hearing. - 23indeterminate sentencingA model of sentencing in which
judges have nearly complete discretion in sentencing an
offender. - 24structured sentencingA sentencing model (including determinate
sentencing, sentencing guidelines, and presumptive
sentencing) that defines punishments rather than allowing
indeterminate sentencing. - 25determinate sentencingA model of sentencing in which the
offender is sentenced to a fixed term of incarceration. - 26mandatory sentencingThe strict application of full sentences in
the determinate sentencing model. - 27habitual offender lawsTough sentencing laws that punish
repeat offenders more harshly. - 28three-strikes lawThe law that applies mandatory sentencing to
give repeat offenders longer prison terms. - 29sentencing guidelinesA sentencing model in which crimes are
classified according to their seriousness, and a range of time to
be served is mandatory for crimes within each category. - 30presumptive sentencingA structured sentencing model that
attempts to balance sentencing guidelines with mandatory
sentencing and at the same time provide discretion to the judge. - 31aggravating factorsActions that may increase the seriousness
of a crime. - 32mitigating factorsActions that show the offender’s remorse or
responsibility. - 33truth in sentencingLegislation that requires the court to
disclose the actual prison time the offender is likely to serve. - 34capital punishmentThe sentence of death.
- 35People opposed to the death penalty.People opposed to the death penalty.
- 36bifurcated trialA two-part trial structure in which the jury first
determines guilt or innocence and then considers new evidence
relating to the appropriate punishment.
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- CJ101 Flashcards on Chpt 9, created by suebee on 04/11/2013.
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