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Description
Flashcards by Emelia Asimeng, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emelia Asimeng
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| SEDIMENTARY - CHARACTERISTICS | Have layers Often contain fossils Made up of rounded grains pushed together. Great variety of colour Made of particles that may be the same size or vary. |
| IGNEOUS ROCKS - CHARACTERISTICS | Made from randomly arranged crystals. Very hard (resistant) rock. Do not contain fossils. May be intrusive (form inside the Earth) such as granite, or extrusive (form on the Earth’s surface), such as basalt. |
| METAMORPHIC ROCKS - CHARACTERISTICS | Have crystals that can be arranged in layers, for example, slate, which is formed from shale. Can contain fossils, although the fossils are usually squeezed out of shape, for example, marble |
| SEDIMENTARY ROCK - FORMATION | Formed in layers . Many are formed from weathered or eroded rock debris that has been transported and deposited. The deposited rock grains build up in layers called sediments. The weight of the sediments cause the layers at the bottom to become compacted, forming rocks such as sandstone. Chalk is formed by dead sea creatures being compacted on the sea bed. |
| IGNEOUS ROCKS - FORMATION | Formed from molten rock called magma that is found inside the Earth. When magma cools it forms igneous rocks. If magma cools underground it cools slowly, forming rocks that contain large crystals such as granite. If magma erupts from a volcano, it cools quickly, forming rocks that contain small crystals such as basalt. |
| METAMORPHIC ROCK - FORMATION | Form when igneous or sedimentary rocks are put under great pressure or are close to a source of heat. The rocks are not melted but are heated. Under these two conditions the minerals within the rock change chemically to form a new type of rock. |
| SEDIMETARY ROCKS - UK LOCATIONS | Chalk is found mainly in the east and south-east of England. Sandstone is found in the south-west of England, the west of England bordering Wales, and parts of northern England |
| IGNEOUS ROCKS - UK LOCATIONS | Basalt is found to the far north of England, e.g. Whin Sill, and the northern part of Northern Ireland, e.g. Giant’s Causeway. Granite is found in parts of north-west Scotland, Devon and Cornwall in south-west England, and Northern Ireland. |
| METAMORPHIC ROCKS - UK LOCATIONS | Small amounts of slate are found in Northern Wales, south-west England and Northern Ireland. Small amounts of Schist are found in north-west Scotland and Northern Ireland. |
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