3472788
Description
Flashcards by Esmeralda Mendoza, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Esmeralda Mendoza
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Parliament | The British legislature |
| legislature | a group of people that makes laws |
| Precedent | a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case |
| common law | a system of law based on precedent and customs |
| compact | an agreement, or contract, among a group of people |
| town meeting | a gathering of local citizens to discuss and vote on important issues |
| mercantilism | the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys |
| boycott | the refusal to purchase certain goods |
| congress | a formal meeting at which representatives discuss matters of common concern |
| independence | self-reliance and freedom from outside control |
| confederation | a group of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose |
| Magna Carta | Great Charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited the power of the monarch and recognized rights of the nobles |
| Glorious Revolution | 1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history of England: Parliament removed King James II from throne and invited his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule instead |
| English Bill Of Rights | in English history guaranteed free elections, the right to a fair trial, and made cruel and unusual punishment illegal |
| natural rights | rights you are born with-life, liberty & property |
| social contract | agreement between the people (the governed) and the government; People agree to give up part of their freedom to govt. in exchange for protection of natural rights |
| Baron de Montesquieu | philosopher who came up with "separation of powers" |
| Enlightenment | during the 1700's & 1800's movement that spread the idea that reason and science could improve society |
| Mayflower Compact | document signed by passengers of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World; also represents idea of a social contract |
| House of Burgesses | bicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the first representative democracy in the New World |
| Proprietary colony | colony owned by a person who controlled the land and govt. |
| royal colony | colony owned by and ruled directly by the king |
| indentured servant | a person who agreed to work for a period of 7b years to pay off the cost of their passage to the colonies |
| triangular trade | trade between Europe, Africa and the Americas; slaves from Africa were transported to the Americas and traded for sugar and molasses |
| Middle Passage | the journey across the Atlantic Ocean mae by slave ships |
| salutary neglect | sometimes called healthy or useful neglect meant England did not strictly enforce its laws in the colonies |
| French Indian War | also called the Seven Years War between England and France; because of war debt England began to tax the colonies |
| "no taxation without representation" | slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes and the fact the colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives to Parliament |
| Boston Massacre | March 5, 1770 British soldiers opened fire on a crowd killing 5 American colonists; event fueled the Americans hatred for the British |
| Stamp Act | a tax on printed materials such as legal documents, mail, newspapers, etc |
| Boston Tea Party | colonists some dressed as Indians sneaked aboard British ships and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor |
| Intolerable Acts | also known as the Coercive Acts; these acts (laws) punished the Boston colonists for the Boston Tea Party; the Boston port was closed to trade and a new Quartering Act |
| Quartering Act | part of the Intolerable Acts; act that required colonist to house and feed British soldiers |
| Common Sense | pamphlet written by Thomas Pained that was widely read in the colonies; said colonies should be free and independent |
| Battle of Lexington and Concord | "shot heard around the world"; first battle of the Revolutionary War |
| Second Continental Congress | meeting of colonial delegates in May 1775; a committee of 5 men were appointed to write a document declaring American Independence |
| Declaration of Independence | the document addressed to King George II of England that declared American Independence |
| Thomas Jefferson | chief author of the D.O.I |
| John Locke | English philosopher whose natural rights philosophy was a BIG influence on Thomas Jefferson |
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