Chemisrty defintions - Atoms and Reactions

Question	Answer
Neutron	a particle found in the nucleus of an atom mass of 1 charge 0
Proton	a particle found in the nucleus of an atom mass of 1 charge +1
Electron	the smallest of the partials that make up the atom, they carry a negative charge. the number of protons and electrons equal mass 1/2000 charge -1
Isotope	atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Relative isotopic mass	the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Relative atomic mass (Ar)	the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Mass spectrometry	an analytical chemistry chemical technique that helps identify the amount and type of chemicals present in a sample by measuring the mass-to-charge ratio and abundance of gas-phase ions
Amount of substance	the quantity that has moles as a unit, a way of counting atoms
Mole	the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope
Avogadro's number/constant (NA)	the number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope (6.02x10^23)
Molar mass, M	the mass per mole of a substance, units gmol^-1
Empirical formula	shows the smallest whole-number ratio of atoms of the element in a compund
Molecular formula	shows the number and the types of atoms in a compound
Molar gas volume	volume per mole of gas units are dm^3mol^-1
Standard solution	a solution of known concentration

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	Created by Inger Young about 11 years ago