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Flashcards by Jeffrey Piggott, updated more than 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What does (infrared) radiation involve? | The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic radiation. |
| What does Kinetic Theory explain? | The different states and properties of matter in terms of the movement of the millions and millions of particles. |
| What is conduction? | The transfer of energy by heating without the substance itself moving. For example, metals are good conductors of thermal energy because of their mobile sea of electrons. Insulators are materials that have few or no free electrons, so they can't readily transfer their energy by heating. |
| What is convection? | The transfer of energy by heating though the movement of particles. Convection occurs in fluids (liquids and gases,) creating convection currents. |
| What is evaporation? | The transfer of energy at the surface of a liquid. The opposite effect, where the gas or vapour returns to a liquid state at the surface, is called "condensation". |
| What factors affect the rate at which a material transfers energy? | - Its surface area and volume - The type of material - The nature of the surface - Its temperature |
| What is Specific Heat Capacity (c) ? | The amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1°C. |
| What is Heat Capacity (C) ? | The amount of energy required to change the temperature of a body by 1°C. |
| What is Infrared Radiation used for? | Remote controls for televisions Grills, toasters and radiant heaters Optical Fibre communication |
| What is the unit for specific heat capacity? | J/kg°C |
| What is "temperature"? | A property that determines the direction of heat flow between two bodies in thermal contact. It is also a measure of the average random kinetic energy of the molecules of an ideal gas. |
| What is "Internal energy"? | The total potential energy and random kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. |
| What is "Specific latent heat" (L) ? | The amount of thermal energy needed to change the state (eg. gas --> liquid) of a unit mass of a substance at constant temperature. |
| Temperature in Kelvin | = Temperature in Celsius + 273 |
| What is "Thermal capacity" ? | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 K. |
| What is a "mole"? | The amount of a substance that contains the same number of atoms/molecules as 0.012 kg of carbon-12. i.e.. 6.02 x 10^23 atoms/molecules. |
| What is "molar mass" ? | The mass of one mole of a substance. |
| What is "pressure" ? | Definition: The normal force to an area per unit area. (P = F/A) |
| What is "Boyle's Law"? | The pressure exerted by a gas held at a constant temperature varies inversely with the volume of the gas i.e. P1.V1 = P2..V2. |
| What is "Charle's Law" | Law describing the relationship between volume and temperature in an ideal gas where the pressure is constant. V=kT where 'k' is a constant, OR V1.T1=V2.T2 |
| What is the "Guy-Lussac Law"? | A special case of the ideal gas law where the volume of the gas is held constant. When the volume is constant, the pressure exerted by a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. P1/T1 = P2/T2 |
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