392709
Description
Flashcards by kjell.johnson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by kjell.johnson
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Infective endocarditis (empiric) | vanco + ceftriaxone (covers all staph and strep) |
| infective endocarditis (strep viridans) | IV PCN, ceftriaxone |
| infective endocarditis (enterococci) | gentamycin + vanco OR ampicillin + vanco |
| infective endocarditis (prophylaxis for prosth valve) | amoxicillin (mostly staph epidermidis) |
| COPD acute exacerbation Ab tx (mild) | doxycycline, Bactrim |
| COPD acute exacerbation Ab tx (moderate) (post doxy, Bactrim) | ceftriaxone or other 3rd gen cef |
| COPD acute exacerbation Ab tx (severe) (post doxy, bactrim, cef) | Zosyn (for pseudomonas), fluoroquinolones |
| influenza A | rimantidine, zanamivir/oseltamivir |
| influenza B | zanamivir, oseltamivir |
| RSV | ribavirin |
| pertussis | azithromycin (Z-pack) OR Bactrim |
| CAP (3 choices) | macrolides OR doxycycline OR fluoroquinolones |
| mycoplasma pneumonia | macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin) |
| Chlamydia pneumonia | doxycycline |
| influenza A pneumonia | rimantadine |
| RSV pneumonia | ribavirin |
| HSV pneumonia | acyclovir |
| CMV pneumonia | ganciclovir |
| Histoplasmosis | amphotericin B |
| Coccidiomycosis (1st and 2nd choice) | fluconazole, amphotericin B |
| Blastomycosis | itraconazole |
| Cryptococcosis | Amphotericin B |
| Aspergillosis (nonspecific) | various antifungals |
| PCP (Pneumocystis jirovecii) (2 choices) | Bactrim, clindamycin |
| aspiration pneumonia (CAP) (3 choices) | Augmentin, fluoroquinolone, ceftriaxone |
| aspiration pneumonia (HAP) (2 things, a few choices) | Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam), fluoroquinolone, ceftriaxone + clindamycin OR metronidazole |
| latent tuberculosis | isoniazid 9 months |
| active tuberculosis | 4-drug tx (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazanimide, ethambutol) |
| H. pylori triple therapy | 1. Amoxicillin 2. Clarithromycin 3. PPI |
| H. pylori quad therapy | 1. Amoxicillin OR tetracycline 2. Metronidazole 3. H2 blocker 4. Pepto |
| Giardia | metronidazole |
| Campylobacter diarrhea | erythromycin |
| hemorrhagic E. coli diarrhea | NO ANTIBIOTICS! Can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome or TTP |
| antibiotic tx for Crohn's with fistulas (2 choices) | metronidazole OR ciprofloxacin |
| diverticulitis (2 choices) | metronidazole OR ciprofloxacin |
| C. diff diarrhea (2 choices) | metronidazole OR vancomycin (PO) |
| Hepatitis B (2 things) | interferon + lamivudine |
| Hepatitis C (2 things) | interferon + ribavirin |
| liver abscess | metronidazole |
| Gonococcal septic arthritis | ceftriaxone |
| Staphylococcal septic arthritis | dicloxacillin or vancomycin (formerly was PCN but now resisted) |
| Streptococcal septic arthritis | Penicillin G (NOTE: UpToDate says use vancomycin now) |
| osteomyelitis (general recommendation) | fluoroquinolones |
| Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus | PO acyclovir (high dose) |
| anterior blepharitis | baby shampoo +/- anti-staph ointment |
| posterior blepharitis (vague) | +/- low dose antibiotics |
| dacrocystitis (vague) | +/- antibiotics |
| gonococcal or chlamydial conjunctivitis | erythromycin drops OR topical sulfa drops |
| gonococcal conjunctivitis (perforated)(neonatal) | ceftriaxone IV/IM |
| bacterial keratitis (Gram +) | cephalosporin drops |
| bacterial keratitis (Gram -) | fluoroquinolone drops OR aminoglycoside drops |
| HSV keratitis | acyclovir ointment |
| orbital cellulitis (2 things) | IV vancomycin + IV ceftriaxone OR augmentin |
| malignant otitis externa (vague) | IV antibiotics for pseudomonas (e.g. fluoroquinolones, Zosyn, piperacillin) |
| Acute Otitis Media (normal pt, 1st line) | amoxicillin OR ampicillin |
| Acute Otitis Media (mild PCN allergy) (vague) | cephalosporins (various) |
| Acute Otitis Media (pts with severe PCN allergy) (class) | macrolides (azithromycin) |
| acute sinusitis (3-4 choices) | amoxicillin/augmentin OR cephalosporins OR Bactrim |
| thrush (2 choices) | fluconazole mouthwash OR ketaconazole mouthwash |
| strep throat (normal pt) | Penicillin V * PO amoxicillin for kids, tastes better |
| strep throat (PCN allergy) | erythromycin |
| mononucleosis pharyngitis | nothing / supportive |
| peritonsillar abscess (2 choices) | IV ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) OR IV clindamycin |
| acute epiglottitis (cover for H. flu and MRSA) | ceftriaxone + vancomycin OR clindamycin |
| Candida vaginitis (2 levels) | antifungal cream, oral fluconazole |
| bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella) (2 choices) | metronidazole OR clindamycin |
| trichomonas vaginosis | metronidazole |
| condylomata accuminata | podophyllin, imiquimod cream, other anti-wart stuff |
| chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) (several choices) | azithro-/erythromycin OR ceftriaxone OR ciprofloxacin |
| Chlamydia (3 choices) | azithromycin 1g once OR doxycycline OR erythromycin / quinolone 7 days |
| gonorrhea | ceftriaxone 250mg IM + treat for Chlamydia with 1g azithromycin |
| herpes simplex (3 choices) | acyclovir OR famciclovir OR valacyclovir |
| syphillis | Penicillin |
| PID (outpatient) | ceftriaxone 14d + doxycycline 14d |
| PID (inpatient) | clindamycin IV + gentamycin IV |
| endometritis (postpartum) | clindamycin + gentamycin |
| UTI (2 choices) | nitrofurantoin BID OR amoxicillin BID |
| HSV meningitis | acyclovir IV |
| streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis (2 things) | vancomycin + ceftriaxone |
| Neisseria meningitidis meningitis (2 choices) | Pencicillin G OR ceftriaxone |
| Listeria monocytogenes meningitis | Ampicillin |
| rosacea | topical metronidazole OR oral tetracycline |
| tinea versicolor | selenium shampoo, then oral ketaconazole |
| molluscum contagiosum | self-limited, can use curettage, cryotherapy |
| verruca vulgaris | podophyllin, and anti-wart stuff |
| herpes zoster | acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir |
| impetigo (mild) | mupirocin ointment |
| impetigo (severe or complicated) (3 choices) | PO dicloxicillin, cefalexin, or clindamycin |
| folliculitis (3 choices) | topical clindamycin, erythromycin, or mupirocin |
| erysipelas (2 choices) | penicillin OR erythromycin |
| scabies | permethrin cream |
| lice | permethrin cream |
| acute bacterial prostatitis (2 steps) | 1. Ampicillin + aminoglycoside then 2. fluoroquinolone x 4-6 wks |
| epididymitis (non-STD) (vague) | depends on microbe, usually G- |
| epididymitis (STD version) | ceftriaxone + doxycycline |
| diptheria (2 choices) | penicillin OR erythromycin |
| tetanus | antitoxin / immune globulin |
| anthrax (2 choices) | ciprofloxacin OR doxycycline |
| salmonellosis (severe or complicated) | cipro-/levofloxacin |
| salmonellosis (GI only) | supportive, no AB |
| shigella (normal case) | supportive |
| shigella (severe or complicated) (2 choices) | Bactrim OR flouroquinolone |
| cholera | azithromycin *UpToDate says doxycycline is 1st line |
| Ehrlichiosis | doxycycline |
| anaplasmosis | doxycycline |
| RMSF | doxycycline |
| lyme disease | doxycycline |
| malaria (low resistance areas) | chloroquine |
| malaria (alternatives for high resistance areas) | malarone, mefloquine, hydroxychloroquine, atovaquone/doxycycline |
| malaria (severe cases) | quinine or quinidine + doxycycline, clindamycin, or tetracycline |
| toxoplasmosis (pregnant pt or severe case) | Bactrim, pyrimethamine-sulfonamide, folic acid |
| amebiasis | metronidazole |
| giardia | metronidazole |
| pinworm (2 choices) | albendazole OR mebendazole |
| schistosomiasis (2 choices) | albendazole OR mebendazole |
| ascariasis (roundworm) (2 choices) | albendazole OR mebendazole |
| hookworm | albendazole OR mebendazole |
| trichinosis | albendazole OR mebendazole |
| tularemia (rabbit disease) | doxycycline |
| Yersinia pestis | gentamycin |
| cytomegalovirus | ganciclovir |
| septic arthritis (if pathogen unknown) | IV vancomycin + IV ceftriaxone |
| neonatal pneumonia | IV ampicillin + gentamycin |
| Chlamydia pneumonia | erythromycin |
| acute rheumatic fever | benzathine penicillin |
| mastitis or breast abscess (2 choices) | dicloxacillin, cephalosporin |
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