|
Created by jenniferelkhoury
over 9 years ago
|
|
Question | Answer |
Although managers and business professionals do not need to be IT experts, they should: ? And what do they need to know? | - Have a basic understanding of how computer hardware and software works - Recognise that the effective use of IT Infrastructure can benefit a business's performance and productivity. * We need to not only understand how to use technology, but why we use it and the benefits it brings. * We need to know how to manage the data and the information it produces (file management). *Businesses has come to rely on IT as a critical component to the success of the business. |
What are the 5 components to a computer based information system? | - Hardware - Software - Data - Procedures - People |
What does hardware consist of? what do these devices do together? | Consists of : - Processor - Monitor - Keyboard - Printer *These devices accept, process and display data and information |
What is a Network? | A connecting system (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources (can be regarded as part of hardware). |
What is software? | A program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data. |
What is a database? | A database (data) is a collection of related files or tables containing data |
What are procedures? | The instructions for combining the above components (Hardware, network, software, database) to processes information and generate the desired output. |
Components of a computer based information system | |
The components are integrated to form a wife variety of Info Systems found within organisations: | |
What are capabilities of Computer based Information systems? | |
Certain information systems support parts of organisations, others support entire organisations, and still others support groups of organisations. | |
What do you need to know about computer hardware - what are the 4 basic hardware categories? | - Input > Keyboard, mouse, document scanners, bar-code scanners, microphones, magnetic ink readers - Processing > CPU and primary storage - main memory - Output > Video displays, printers, audio speakers, overhead projections, plotters - Secondary Storage > Magnetic disks, optical disks, magnetic tapes |
What are the basic components of the computers? (Map) | |
Peripheral device types - What are types of Input devices? name at least 5. | ● Keyboards ● Mouse ● Optical MouseTouchpad ● Graphics Tablet ● Joystick ● Touchscreen ● Stylus ● Digital pen ● Vocie recognition |
What are types of output devices? name at least 5. | Monitors ● Flexible Displays ● Retinal Scanning displays ● Head-up displays ● Printers ● Laser Printers ● Plotters ● Voice Output ● Pocket Projector |
In modern business, what provides a competitive advantage? | Productive working by having the right equipment |
Competitive advantage - Main memory | - Too little means constant memory swapping - Slows processing - Needs more memory if processing too many programs |
Competitive advantage - CPU | - Speed expressed in hertz - Needs the CPU to be faster if handling complex tasks |
Competitive Advantage - data storage | > Main memory is volatile - Contents lost when power is off > Magnetic and optical disks are nonvolatile - Saved contents survive after power is turned off |
Storage, Input & Output Technology The capabilities of Computer Systems depend not only on the speed and capacity of the CU but also on the speed, capacity and design of the peripheral devices: | - Secondary Storage - Input Technology - Output Technology |
One of the major problems relating to Source Data Information is how to get lots of data into a computer quickly. What has been developed are devices known as Source Data Automation. What is SDA? | The process of collecting data at their point of origin in digital form. |
SDA captures data is a computer-readable form at the time and place the data are created. Examples include: (list at least 4) | ● Optical Character Recognition (OCR) ● Bar Code readers ● QR Codes for use with smart phones ● Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) ● Handwriting Recognition ● Digital Scanners ● Magnetic Strip readers ● Sensors |
What is Client-server computing? | - The client (or PC) is smart and does most of the work - It only uses the server when needed - Client computers used for word processing, spreadsheets, database access (connect to servers for Web, e-mail, database) - Provides fast, large, powerful service |
Client-Server computing (map) | |
What is cloud computing? | - Refers to computer networking on the Internet - New term used in IS - Stores data on servers accessed only by the internet |
Examples of Cloud Computing? | - When you access a video from Facebook, you are accessing computing services in the cloud – You don’t know which server is processing or playing the video - Google Docs |
Software drives the hardware: What should hardware requirements be determined by? | Your hardware requirements should be determined by what you’re going to use your computer for! |
2 Types of Software? | – Operating or system software ● Program that controls computer’s operation and resources – Application programs ● Perform specific user tasks |
Software constraints? | Particular version of operating system is written for particular type of hardware ● Must conform to computer hardware. Example is Mac OS versus Windows – Application programs written to use on a particular operating system |
Software (diagram) | |
4 Software defects? | – All too often software is inefficient, poorly designed and has errors – SEI defines good software as usable, reliable, defect free and cost effective – On average professional programmers make between 100 – 150 errors every 1000 lines of code – Critical step in reducing this is better design |
What is the difference between owning & licensing? | - When users buy a computer program, they are buying a licence to use it: the ownership remains with the development company |
What are open source programs? | - Used by individuals and organisations - They are operating systems and application programs - Owned by a the open-source community - No licence fee - Companies make money by offering support |
What are examples of which Open Source Software is available for free or for a small fee? | - Mp3 players, open office etc. |
What is Application Software? | Programs written for a specific application to perform functions specified by business or end users. |
What does Application software do? | - Tells the hardware how to do the input, storage, processing and output functions - It employs the capabilities of a computer directly to a task that the user wishes to perform - Acts as the interface between the operating system and the hardware devices |
Personal application software categories | |
Types of Installed Software Applications? | - Spreadsheets (Excel) - Data management (Access) - Web Browsers (Firefox or Internet Explorer) - Apps for mobile phone |
Types of Web-Based Applications? | - VU Collaborate - Web search engines (Google) - Email |
Why is Collaboration critical in Business? | - Assist with collaborative tasks - Make life easier - No need for face-to-face meetings - Wont lose or misplace work - Able to know who is contributing and who is not - Create better results - Collaborative skills are highly marketable |
What are the 5 Components of a Collaboration Information System? | |
Exchange of Data in various forms is essential to collaboration. What are forms of exchanging data? | - Documents - Discussions - Task lists - Calendars |
What are types of software and cloud servers support sharing of data? Some data is free and bundled in other applications. | - Microsoft Outlook - Dropbox - Google Docs - Microsoft Powerpoints * Procedures for business use of the software must be defined. |
What are Spreadsheets? | - Table of data in column and rows - Rows identified by numbers - Columns identified by letters |
What is a worksheet? | - Refers to a spreadsheet - Workbook is a collection of worksheets in a single file |
What is a cell? | - Cell is intersection of a row and column - Cell address is of the form 'column row' e.g. D3 is the 4th column along the 3rd row down. - Cells hold data, formulas, labels - Almost no limit to number of rows and columns |
Are large amounts of data better suited to spreadsheets or databases? | Databases |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.