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Description
Flashcards by Imelda Razo Berm, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Imelda Razo Berm
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Physical Change | Properties that can be observed without chemically changing matter. |
| Chemical Change | Properties describe how a substance interacts with other Substances. |
| Solids | Have definite shapes and definite volumes. |
| Liquids | Have indefinite shapes and definite volumes. |
| Gases | Have indefinite shapes and indefinite volumes. |
| Freezing Point | Is the point in temperature at which a liquid turns to a solid. |
| Melting Point | Is the temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid. |
| Boiling Point | Is the temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas. |
| Condensation Point | Is the temperature at which a gas turns to a liquid . |
| Sublimation | Occasionally a solid turns directly into a gas without turning into a liquid first. |
| Combustibility | Chemical Properties |
| Malleability | Physical Properties |
| Weight | Physical Properties |
| Failure to react | Chemical Properties |
| Ductility | Physical Properties |
| Texture | Physical Properties |
| Density | Physical Properties |
| Tendency to corrode | Chemical Properties |
| Volume | Physical Properties |
| Melting point | Physical Properties |
| Odor | Physical Properties |
| Flammability | Chemical Properties |
| Digestion of food | Chemical Change |
| Getting a haircut | Physical Change |
| Evaporation | Physical Change |
| Ice cube melting | Physical |
| Crushing rocks | Physical change |
| Explosions | Chemical Change |
| Light a candle | Chemical Change |
| Tarnishing silver | chemical Change |
| Formation of acid rain | Chemical Change |
| Dissolving salt in water | Physical Change |
| Democritus | Made a mental model of the atom; Greek philosopher. |
| Dalton | Formed the atomic theory model of the atom; English school teacher |
| Thomson | Proposed the "Plum Pudding" model of the atom; discovered the electron |
| Chadwick | Discovered the neutron |
| Rutherford | Discovered the nucleus using his gold foil experiment |
| Proton | The positive particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
| Bohr | Developed the model of the atom in which electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels |
| Wave Model | Current model of the model; proposed by Schrodinger |
| Nucleus | The tiny positive core of an atom; contains protons and neutrons |
| Alpha Particle | Used by Rutherford in his experiments; made of two protons and two neutrons |
| Electron | The negative particle that circles the nucleus |
| Model | Used by scientists to explain something that we can't see o understand |
| Energy Levels | The paths in which electrons circle nucleus according to the Bohr Model |
| Electron Cloud | Current explanation of where electrons might be found in the atom |
| Theory | Is an explanation of observable facts and phenomena |
| Aristotle | Disagrees with Democritus and says that everything can be broken down into 4 elements-earth-fire-air-water- |
| Atoms are neutral because the number of positively charged protons are the number of negatively charged electrons | . |
| Particles that make up the nucleus of an atom are called nucleons and are compromised of protons and neutrons. | . |
| When a atom loses an electron, it becomes a cations with a positive charge. | . |
| When an atom gains an electron is becomes an anion with negative charge. | . |
| In a polar covalent bond the electrons are shared equally. | . |
| In a nonpolar covalent bond the electrons are shared equally. | . |
| Electrons are transferred in a ionic bond., shared in a covalent bond, and delocalized in a metallic bond. | . |
| A Polytomic ion is a covalently bonded group of atoms with a charge such as (PO4-3). | . |
| When two atoms share two pairs of electrons a Double bond is formed. | . |
| Ionic (1.7 or higher) Polar(0.4 to 1.7) Nonpolar(0 to 0.4) | . |
| Electrons are shared | Covalent |
| Electrons delocalized | Metallic |
| Electrons are transferred | Ionic |
| Crystal Lattice | Ionic |
| Luster | Metallic |
| Nonconductors in the solid,molten and dissolved state | Covalent |
| Malleable and ductile | Metallic |
| High melting point and boiling points | Ionic |
| Volatile liquids and gases | Covalent |
| Weaker forces between atoms | Covalent |
| Hard difficult to crush | Ionic |
| Any molecule containing only 2 atoms has a linear shape. | Linear shape (180) |
| A molecule with 3 atoms bonded to the central atom with 0 unshared pairs of electrons has a trigonal planar shape. | Trigonal Planar(120) |
| A molecule with 4 atoms bonded to the central atom with 0 unshared pairs of electrons has a tetrahedral shape. | Tetrahedral Shape |
| A molecule with 2 atoms bonded to the central atom with 2 unshared pairs of electrons has a bent shape. | Bent Shape |
| A molecule with 3 atoms bonded to the central atom with 1 unshared pair of electrons has a trigonal pyramidal. | Trigonal pyramidal |
| Intermolecular | Are the forces of attraction BETWEEN molecules. |
| London Dispersion | The force present in all molecules that result from the movement of electrons. |
| Dipole-dipole Forces | The force of attraction between the positive end of one molecule and the negative end of another molecule. |
| Hydrogen Bonds | The special type of this force involving hydrogen. This occurs when hydrogen is bonded to H-F, H-O, H-N. |
| Heat capacity is how much heat it takes to heat up a substance. Some substances take less to heat up because their heat capacity is low and some take longer to heat up because they have a bigger heat capacity. | . |
| The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter can be changed from one form into another, mixtures can be separated or made, and pure substances can be decomposed, but the total amount of mass remains constant | |
| In the ground state of the atom the electrons are in the lowest energy level possible. When an atom absorbs energy its in the excited state which is unstable. The atom soon will emit the same amount of energy absorbed which may be seen as visible light. |
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