4523204
Description
Flashcards by Emily Vester, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emily Vester
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the difference between the USGBC and GBCI? | USGBC continually advances the LEED rating system. GBCI provides exams to allow individuals to become accredited for their knowledge of the LEED rating system. |
| What is the minimum floor area required for LEED NC Projects? | ? |
| What are LEED credit weightings based on? | The 7 impact categories. |
| What are the parameters of the LEED site boundary? | The entire building and complete scope of work. |
| Which sections are listed in the LEED reference guide for each credit and prerequisite? | 1. benefits and issues to consider 2. related credits 3. summary of reference standards 4. implementation 5. timeline and team 6. calculations 7. documentation guidance 8. examples 9. exemplary performance 10. regional variations 11. 0&M considerations 12. resources 13. definitions |
| What credits might be affected by the LEED site boundary? | Protect or restore habitat & light pollution reduction |
| What are benefits of the IPD process | Streamlined communication, cost control, reduced construction time, and ability to link schedule, phasing, and sequencing |
| What does Triple Bottom Line refer to? | Profit, planet, and people also referred to as economic, environmental, and social responsibility |
| What is the minimum number of occupants required to be eligible for LEED? | ? |
| What information is needed when registering a LEED project? | - title - address and location - anticipated construction start & end dates - rating system - number of projects to be registered - gross project square footage - confidential? (yes or no) - project type - anticipated certification level |
| What is the difference between a CIR and a LEED interpretation? | CIRs (credit interpretation requests) are for projects seeking guidance on how LEED credits apply to their projects. LEED interpretations are official answers to technical inquiries about implementing LEED on a project. They are similar, but LEED Interpretations are precedent setting, meaning they are applied to all future LEED projects. |
| List the ten LEED rating systems. | 1. LEED for New Construction 2. LEED for Core and Shell 3. LEED for Schools 4. LEED for Retail: NC & Major Renovations 5. LEED for Healthcare 6. LEED for Commercial Interiors 7. LEED for Existing Buildings: Operation & Management 8. LEED for Retail: Commercial Interiors 9. LEED for Neighborhood Development 10. LEED for Homes |
| What does LEED stand for? | Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design |
| What are the 6 major credit categories? | 1. Location and Transportation 2. Sustainable Sites 3. Water Efficiency 4. Energy and Atmosphere 5. Materials and Resources 6. Indoor Environmental Quality |
| Which rating system addresses acoustics? | LEED for schools |
| Which rating system requires recertification? | LEED EBOM (existing buildings: operations and maintenance) |
| What must be included in LEED EBOM building policies? | A plan for monitoring progress and results as well as the following structure: scope, performance metrics, goals, strategies, responsible parties, time period. |
| Which rating system allows for 'pre-certification'? | LEED CS (Core & shell) - to help projects attract tenants before construction completion |
| How much of the interior build-out can a developer control in order to remain eligible for LEED CS? | No more than 50% Projects with greater than 50% of the building's tenant space occupied by a tenant/owner should utilize LEED NC |
| How often must LEED EBOM projects recertify? | Must recertify every 5 years, but may recertify every year. Recertification fees are less than initial certification fees. |
| What are the four levels of certification and their points? | certified: 40-49 points silver: 50-59 points gold: 60-79 points platinum: 80+ points |
| What is the difference between 'group' and 'campus' certifications? | Group approach - allows similar buildings that are in a single location to certify as one project Campus approach - allows buildings that share a location to achieve separate certifications for each project on a site. |
| Which 3 team members play the largest role in the IPD Process? | Owner, architect, and contractor |
| What are LEED project certification fees based on? | membership and project size (square footage) - $900 for members - $1200 for non-members |
| What is the role assigned to the person who registers the LEED project? | Project Team Administrator |
| How much do credit appeals cost after the final review? | $500 per credit |
| What information is required when registering a project? | ? |
| What does OPR refer to? | Owner's project requirements - a written document, developed by the owner and reviewed by the commissioning agent, that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria that are determined by the owner to be important to the success of the project. |
| What are the 5 areas of sensitive land protection? | 1. prime farmland 2. floodplains 3. habitat 4. water bodies 5. wetlands |
| What are examples of 'diverse uses' in each of 5 categories? | Food Retail - supermarket, grocery store w/ produce Community Serving Retail - convenience store, farmers market, hardware store, pharmacy Services - bank, family entertainment, gym, haircare, laundry, restaurant Civic and Community - adult or senior center, childcare, church, public library, park Community Anchor Uses - commercial office, housing |
| Define 'brownfield' | A contaminated site |
| What is the organization that sets the minimum mileage rate for green vehicles? (minimum score of 40 for low emitting vehicles) | American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) |
| What are strategies to address stormwater runoff? | - bioswales and retention ponds - increasing vegetation - pervious paving - rainwater catchment and reuse - mechanical treatment systems |
| What is the baseline flush rate for toilets? | 1.6 gpf (gallons per flush) |
| According to LEED, how many times would a man use a urinal in one day? | twice |
| Which fixtures are not considered greywater fixtures? | kitchen sinks and dishwashers |
| In which climates are rainwater catchment systems most feasible? | wet climates |
| What are benefits of a vegetated roof? | - durability - protects roof membrane - acoustical benefits through sound insulation of growing medium and plants - energy efficiency - heat island reduction - stormwater management - outdoor water reduction - provides open space |
| What does ASHRAE stand for? | American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers |
| Which systems must be commissioned? | - heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and refrigerating (HVAC&R) systems - lighting and daylighting controls - domestic hot water systems - renewable energy systems (wind, solar, etc.) |
| What year must CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) be phased out? | 2010 |
| Which counts as a form of renewable energy? | - photovoltaics (solar) - wind energy - solar thermal - geothermal heating & electric - low-impact hydro-electric - wave & tidal energy - biofuels |
| Which represents an example of 'process energy'? | - computers - office equipment - elevators & escalators - kitchen cooking & refrigeration - laundry washing & drying - plug-in lamps |
| Each REC represents how many MWh of renewable energy delivered to the grid? | One |
| Which design considerations should be included when designing an area for the collection of recyclables? | - signage to discourage contamination - protection from the elements - security for high valued items - appropriate sizing of recycling areas |
| What items do not apply to construction waste diversion? | Excavated soil, land-clearing debris, & alternative daily cover (ADC) |
| What do EPD & HBD stand for? | Environmental Product Declaration & Health Product Declaration |
| What does FTE refer to and how do you calculate it? | Full Time Equivalent includes: - full time staff - part time staff (as fractions of full day employees) - residents Full Time employee = 1 FTE Part time employee (4 hours a day) = 1/2 an FTE |
| What should be top priorities when selecting a location for the project site? | LEED for neighborhood development location, sensitive land protection, high priority site, surrounding density and diverse uses, access to quality transit, bicycle facilities, reduced parking footprint, and green vehicles ? |
| Which materials count as rapidly renewable? | Natural, non-petroleum-based building materials that have harvest cycles under 10 years. Ex. Bamboo, cork, cotton, what, agrifiber, straw, wool, linseed-based linoleum, and natural rubber. |
| Define Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) | A technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product, process, or service. |
| Define Solar Reflectance vs. Solar Reflectance Index | Solar Reflectance - a surface material's ability to reflect sunlight on a scale of 0 to 1 Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) - A surface material's ability to reject solar heat (between 0 and 100). A combination of both Emittance and Reflectance. The SRI of typical new grey concrete is approximately 35 > 29 (minimum non-roof) |
| Ambient Temperature | The temperature of the surrounding air or other medium |
| Aquifer | An underground bed or layer of permeable rock, sediment, or soil that contains water |
| Authority having jurisdiction | The governmental agency which regulates the construction process |
| Basis of design | Includes design information necessary to accomplish the owner's project requirements |
| Bioswale | Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water |
| Blackwater | Wastewater from toilets and urinals |
| Brownout | An intentional or unintentional drop in voltage in an electric power supply system. *Intentional - used for load reduction in an emergency |
| Building envelope (building shell) | The exterior surface of building - walls, windows, roof, & floor |
| Define 'charrette' | A meeting in which all stakeholders in a project attempt to establish project goals, resolve conflicts, and map solutions |
| Chiller | A device that removes heat from a liquid, typically as part of a refrigeration system used to cool and dehumidify buildings |
| Closed system | A system which does not allow certain types of transfers in or out of the system |
| Commissioning (CX) | Process of verifying & documenting that a building & all of its systems & assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, & maintained to meet the OPR. |
| Construction Lien | A security interest in the title to property for the benefit of those who have supplied labor or materials that improve the property |
| Demand Side Management (demand reduction) | The planning, implementation, & monitoring of utility activities designed to encourage consumers to modify patterns of electricity usage, including the timing & level of electricity demand |
| Densely Occupied Space | Space that has at least 25 people per 1,000 sq. ft. Or no more than 40 sq. ft. per person |
| Density | A ratio of building coverage on a given parcel of land to the size of the parcel |
| Detention Basin | A stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) designed to protect against flooding &, in some cases, downstream erosion by storing water for a limited period of time. |
| Drywell | An underground structure that collects runoff & distributes it over a large area, increasing absorption & minimizing erosion |
| Energy Management Systems | A control system capable of monitoring environmental & system loads & adjusting HVAC operations accordingly in order to conserve energy while maintaining comfort |
| ENERGY STAR rating | Score that measures a building's energy performance compared with that of similar buildings. Program also applies to equipment & applications 50 - average 75+ - eligible to qualify |
| Eutrophication | Process whereby water bodies receive excess nutrients that stimulate plant (algae) growth |
| Floor to Area Ratio (FAR) | The ratio of the total floor area of buildings on a certain location to the size of the land of that location floor area ratio = total covered area on all floors of all buildings on a certain plot / area of the plot |
| Gap Analysis | The comparison of actual performance with potential or desired performance |
| Glazing | refers to glass paneling and/or windows |
| Hard Cost vs. Soft Cost | Hard cost - the purchase price of a hard asset such as land, building, inventory, equipment, or machine Soft cost - not a direct construction cost, i.e. architect, engineering, pm fees, legal feels, moving costs, furniture, etc. |
| What are the 7 impact categories that LEED uses for point allocation? | 1. reverse contributions to global climate change 2. enhance individual human health & well-being 3. protect & restore water resources 4. protect, enhance, & restore biodiversity & ecosystems 5. promote sustainable & regenerative material resources cycles 6. build a greener economy 7. enhance social equity, environmental justice, & community quality of life |
| Integrated Design | A collaborative method for designing buildings which emphasizes the development of a holistic design |
| Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) | A project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures, & practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents & insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, & maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, & construction |
| Leverage Point | The element in the system that has the largest effect on the whole system |
| Define Life Cycle Cost Analysis | A technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product, process, or service |
| Life Cycle Costing (LCC) | Evaluation of the total cost of a building or product over its useful life, including initial, maintenance, repair & replacement costs as well as savings |
| Load-Shifting | Strategies designed to shift energy usage from peak demand times to off-peak times |
| Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) | A rating that indicates the efficiency of air filters in the mechanical system. range: very low (1) to very high (16) |
| Mixed-Mode System | A hybrid approach to space conditioning that uses a combination of both natural ventilation from operable windows and mechanical ventilation |
| Negative Feedback Loop | A system where the output may signal the system to stop changing ex) thermostats |
| Open System | A system that constantly takes items from outside the system, uses them, then releases them as waste without a feedback loop |
| Owner's Project Requirements (OPR) | A written document, developed by the owner & reviewed by the commissioning agent, that details the ideas, concepts, & criteria that are determined by the owner to be important to the success of the project |
| Passive Solar Design | Windows, walls, & floors are made to collect, store, & distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter & reject solar heat in the summer |
| Phosphorus | A common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, & organic wastes in sewage & industrial effluent |
| Positive Feedback Loop | A system where the output of a system is reapplied to the input ex. population growth & climate change |
| What is the difference between post-consumer & pre-consumer recycled content? | post-consumer: the percentage of material in a product that was consumer waste pre-consumer: the percentage of material in a product that was recycled from manufacturing waste |
| Potable Water | Water that meets or exceeds EPA's drinking water quality standards & is approved for human consumption by the state or local authorities having jurisdiciton |
| Process Water | Water used for industrial processes & building systems such as dishwashers, clothes washers, ice machines, cooling towers, boilers, & chillers |
| Rain Garden | A stormwater management feature consisting of an excavated depression & vegetation that collects & filters runoff & reduced peak discharge rates |
| Regenerative Design | An approach to design that describes processes that restore, renew, or revitalize their own sources of energy & materials, creating sustainable systems that integrate the needs of society with the integrity of nature |
| Smart Growth | An urban planning & transportation theory that concentrates growth in compact, mixed-use, walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl |
| Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) | A measure of how well a window blocks heat from the sun, expressed as a fraction of the heat from the sun that enters the window. A lower SHGB is preferred in hot climates |
| Total Suspended Solids | Particles that are too small to be removed from stormwater via gravity settling. Suspended solid concentrations are typically removed via filtration |
| Technical Advisory Group (TAG) | A committee consisting of industry experts who assist in interpreting credits & developing technical improvements to the LEED Green Building Rating System |
| Thermal Envelope | The thermal enclosure creating by the building exterior & insulation |
| U-value | A measure of thermal conductivity (often used for windows) that is the inverse of R-value. A lower U-value means a more energy efficient window |
| Vehicle Miles Traveled | A measure of the transportation demand that estimates the travel miles associated with a project, most often for single-passenger cars |
| Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) | A carbon compound that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions |
| Watersense | An EPA program designed to encourage water efficiency in the U.S. through the use of a special label on consumer products. Covers the following products/services: - toilets - bathroom sink faucets - flushing urinals - single family new homes - shower heads - irrigation professionals |
| Xeriscaping | A landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary by using drought-tolerant plants, as well as soil amendments such as compost and mulching to reduce evaporation |
| SMACNA | Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association - relates to maintaining good indoor air quality during construction & demolition |
| GreenSeal | Relates to VOCs in paints and certain adhesives and sealants |
| Green Label Plus Program | Relates to low VOC carpets |
| Green Label Program | Relates to low VOC carpet cushions |
| GreenGuard | Relates to low VOC furniture |
| Energy Policy Act of 1992 and International Plumbing Code | Set standards for flush and flow fixture performance for indoor water fixtures |
| IESNA | (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) - governs light levels and lighting energy usage |
| Green-e | Certifies Green Power including Renewable Energy Certificates |
| SCAQMD | (South Coast Air Quality Management District): Relates to VOCs in adhesives & sealants and certain paints |
| Fair-trade Labeling Organizations International (FLO) | Certifies fair trade products |
| Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) | Certifies sustainably managed forests |
| California Air Resources Board (CARB) | Governs zero emission vehicles |
| What percentage of Earth's water is fresh water? | 3% |
| The US Geological Survey estimates that buildings contribute what percentage of the world's annual water usage? | 13.6% |
| According to a report by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, what is the average payback for both retro-commissioning and commissioning of new buildings? | 1.1 years for retro-commissioning of new buildings 4.2 years for commissioning of new buildings |
| Construction and demolition wastes contributes approximately what percentage of the total solid waste in the US? | 40% |
| According to a study by Carnegie Mellon University, Green Buildings can contribute to an increase in employee productivity from what percentage? | 2% - 18% |
| What are the basic prerequisites for participating in LEED? | - compliance with all environmental laws and regulations, - minimum occupancy - building permanence - site boundaries and area-to-site ratios - obligatory five-year sharing of whole building energy and water use data from the start of occupancy (for NC) or date of certiciation (for EB) |
| What is the difference between people and buildings with LEED? | People are LEED Accredited; Buildings are LEED Certified |
| What role do products have with LEED certification? | Products cannot be 'LEED Certified', but they can help towards achieving various credits. |
| What does a LEED credit structure include? | Credits include both an intent and set of requirements which outline what must be accomplished in order to achieve a certain number of points. |
| LEED for New Construction (LEED NC) applies to what? | New commercial buildings including: - retail - office - institutional buildings - hotels and existing buildings that include 'significant envelope modifications and/or HVAC renovatoins' |
| Are LEED NC projects required to recertify? | No, however they are encouraged to apply for LEED EBOM at least 12 months after continuous operation. |
| LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance (LEED EBOM) applies to what? | - owner occupied buildings - single & multi-tenant buildings - multiple building projects - buildings previously certified under LEED NC |
| LEED EBOM buldings must: | - meet minimum occupancy requirements - be continuously occupied for at least 12 months - use performance periods to measure results & progress over a set amount of time - develop building policies |
| When is LEED for Core & Shell used? | When the developer does not control the interior portion of the build-out. |
| Which rating system includes an adjustment for square footage to discourage large 'green' mansions? | LEED for Homes |
| What are the Minimum Program Requirements (MPR)? | 1. must be in a permanent location on existing land 2. must use reasonable LEED boundaries - must include all contiguous land that is associated with the project & summports its typical operations - may not unreasonably exclude portions of the building, space, or site to give the project an advantage - must accurately communicate the scope of the project and distinguish it from any non-certifying space 3. must comply with project size requirements |
| Are buildings or structures primarily dedicated to parking eligible for LEED Certification? | No, but parking that serves an eligible LEED project should be including in the certification. |
| What are the steps to LEED Certification? | 1. initial discovery & pre-planning phase (research & analysis) 2. select LEED rating system 3. check minimum program requirements 4. establish project goals (budget, schedule, perfomance targets, etc.) 5. define LEED project scope 6. develop LEED scorecard 7. engage iterative process - continually perform additional research & analysis refining approach 8. assign roles & responsibilities 9. develop consistent & accurate documentation 10. perform quality assurance review & submit for certification |
| What are the 3 main phases of the Integrative Process? | - discovery (pre-design) - design and construction (implementation) - occupancy, operations, & performance feedback |
| Project vision statement | serves to envision and describe the desired process and outcomes of the project at its completion date |
| Iterative Process | A testing process that repeats until errors no longer occur. Green building is often an iterative process as project teams seek to continually make improvements and optimize performance. |
| What two items cannot be changed after registration? | Rating System type and the project zip code |
| The screenshot within LEED online that lists each credit the project is attempting is referred to as what? | the LEED scorecard |
| What 6 general items must be uploaded to LEED online prior to submitting for final certification? | 1. project site plan 2. building floor plans 3. elevations 4. project rendering (if available) 5. short project description 6. photos of completed project |
| What is the advantage of splitting credit review into two phases? (Design Review and Construction Review) | Having two review phases allows the project team to receive design review comments in time to make changes if necessary. |
| What are Energy-Related Systems? | Perform a preliminary energy anaylsis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce energy in the building and accomplish related sustainability goals. Assess potential strategies such as: - site conditions - massing and orientation - basic envelope attributes - lighting levels - thermal comfort ranges - plug and process loan needs - programmatic and operational parameters |
| What are water-related systems? | Perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce potable water loads. Assess and estimate the project's potential non-potable water supply sources and water demand volumes, including the following: - indoor water demand - outdoor water demand - process water demand - supply sources |
| Integrative Process (IP) Prerequisite 1: Integrative project planning and design | Develop a health mission statement and incorporate it in the OPR. Conduct a preliminary LEED meeting (charrette) to set goals and make plans. |
| Location and Transportation (LT): List the credits | 1) LEED for neighborhood development location 2) Sensitive land protection 3) high-priority site 4) surrounding density & diverse uses 5) access to quality transit 6) bicycle facilities 7) reduced parking footprint 8) green vehicles |
| LT Credit 1: LEED for Neighborhood Development Location | Locate the project within the boundary of a development certified under LEED for Neighborhood Development. (maximum points) |
| LT Credit 2: Sensitive Land Protection | Locate the development footprint on land that has been previously developed or that does not meeting the criteria for sensitive land |
| LT Credit 3: High-Priority Site | Locate the project in one of the following areas: - historic district - priority designated site - brownfield |
| What is the difference between a brownfield and a greenfield site? | Brownfield sites are contaminated while greenfield sites are raw or untouched land |
| LT Credit 4: Surrounding Density & Diverse Uses | Surrounding Density - locate on a site whose surrounding existing density with a 1/4 mile radius meets specific density parameters as listed in the LEED NC reference guide Diverse Uses - construct or renovate a building or space within a building such that the building's main entrance is within a half mile walking distance of the main entrance of 4-7 (1 point) or 8 or more (2 points) existing and publicly available diverse uses |
| LT Credit 5: Access to Quality Transit | Locate any functional entry of the project within a 1/4 mile walking distance of existing or planned bus, streetcar, or ride-share stops, or within a 1/2 mile walking distance of existing or planned bus rapid transit stops, light or heavy rail stations, commuter rail stations, or commuter ferry terminals |
| What is the largest contributer of greenhouse gas emissions related to buildings? | Automobile transportation. Public transportation reduces personal automobile usage and therefore reduces CO2 emissions |
| LT Credit 6: Bicycle Facilities | Bicycle Network: design or locate the project w/ a functional entry or bicycle storage within a 200-yard walking/bicycling distance from a bike network that connects to the surrounding community Bike storage & shower rooms: provide short-term bike storage for at least 2.5% of all peak visitors, but no fewer than 4 storage spaces per building. Provide long-term storage for at least 5% of all regular building occupants, and one on-site shower with changing facility for the first 100 regular building occupants & an additional shower for every 150 regular building occupants thereafter. |
| LT Credit 6: Bicycle Facilities How close does bike storage need to be from any functional entry? | Within 100 feet walking distance |
| LT Credit 7: Reduced Parking Footprint | Do not exceed the minimum local code requirements for parking capacity AND provide parking capacity that is a percentage reduction below the base rations recommended by the Parking Consultants Council, as shown in the Institute of Transportation Engineers' Transportation Planning Handbook |
| LT Credit 8: Green Vehicles | Designate 5% of all parking spaces used by the project as preferred parking for 'green vehicles'. Green vehicles must achieve a minimum green score of 45 on the ACEEE annual vehicle rating guide Substitute for preferred parking spaces: discounted parking rate of 20% for green vehicles |
| LT Credit 8: Green Vehicles What two options do you have to meet one of for alternative-fuel fueling stations? | 1: Electrical vehicle charging - install electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in 2% of all parking spaces used by the project 2: Liquid, gas, or battery facilities - install liquid or gas alternative fuel fueling facilities or a battery switching station capable of refueling a number of vehicles per day equal to at least 2% of all parking spaces |
| Sustainable Sites - SS: list the credits | 1) site assessment 2) site development - protect or restore habitat 3) open space 4) rainwater management 5) heat island reduction 6) light pollution reduction |
| SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention | Implement an Erosion and Sedimentation Control (ESC) Plan that addresses: - soil loss during construction by stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion - Sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams - Airborne dust generation (tip: think soil, water, and air) |
| SS Credit 1: Site Assessment Complete and document a site survey that includes the following: | - topography: contour mapping, unique topographic features, slope stability risks - hydrology: flood hazard areas, delineated wetlands, lakes, streams, shorelines, rainwater collection and reuse opportunities - climate: solar exposure, heat island effect potential, seasonal sun angles, prevailing winds, monthly precipitation and temperature ranges - vegetation: primary vegetation types, greenfield area, significant tree mapping, threatened or endangered species, unique habitat, invasive plant species - soils: Natural Resources Conservation Service soils delineation, U.S. Department of Agriculture prime farmland, healthy soils, previous development, disturbed soils - human use: views, adjacent transportation infrastructure, adjacent properties, construction materials with existing recycle or reuse potential - human health effects: proximity of vulnerable population, adjacent physical activity opportunities, proximity to major sources of air pollution |
| SS Credit 2: Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat | Preserve and protect from all development and construction activity for a percentage of the greenfield area on the site (if such areas exist) |
| SS Credit 2: Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat What are the two options for this credit? | Option 1 - On-Site Restoration Using native or adapted vegetation, restore 30% (including the building footprint) of all portions of the site identified as previously developed Restore all disturbed or compacted soils that will be revetated within the project's development footprint Option 2 - Financial Support Financial support must be provided to a nationally or locally recognized land trust or conservation organization within the same ecoregion or the project's state (or within 100 miles of the project). for U.S. projects, the land trust must be accredited by the Land Trust Alliance |
| SS Credit 3: Open Space | Provide a physically accessible outdoor space greater than or equal to 30% of the total site area (including building footprint). The 'Open Space' does not have to be vegetated; pedestrian oriented walkways may also count towards open space. A minimum of 25% of that outdoor space must be vegetated (turf grass does not count as vegetation) |
| SS Credit 4: Rainwater Management What are the two options for this credit? | Option 1 - Percentile of Rainfall Events Manage on site the runoff from the developed site for a certain percentile of regional or local rainfall events using low-impact development (LID) and green infrastructure Option 2 - Natural Land Cover Conditions Manage on site the annual increase in runoff volume from the natural land cover condition to the post-developed condition |
| SS Credit 5: Heat Island Reduction What are the two options for this credit? | Option 1 - Non-Roof and Roof Non-roof measures: -install plants that provide shade over paving areas on the site within 10 years of planing. Artificial turf does not quality - Provide shade with structures covered by energy generation systems, such as solar thermal collectors, photovoltaics, and wind turbines Provide shade with architectural devices or structures that have an aged solar reflectance (SR) Value of at least 0.28 - provide shade with vegetation structures - use paving materials with an aged solar reflectance (SR) value of at least 0.28 - use an open-grid pavement system (at least 50% unbound) High Reflectance Roof: Use roofing materials that have an SRI equal to or greater than the values in Table 1. Meet the three-year aged SRI value. If three-year aged value information is not available, use materials that meet the initial SRI value. Vegetated Roof: Install a vegetated roof. Option 2 - Parking Under Cover Place a minimum of 75% of parking spaces under cover |
| Heat Island | Thermal gradient differences between developed and undeveloped areas |
| Heat Island Effect | Refers to the absorption of heath by hardscapes such as dark, non-reflective pavement & buildings, and its radiation to surrounding areas |
| Emissivity | The ratio of the radiation emitted by a surface to the radiation emitted by a black body at the same temperature |
| Thermal (Infrared) Emittance | A parameter between 0 and 1 that indicates a material's ability to shed infrared radiation (heat) |
| In what climates is Heat Island Effect worse? | Dry climates, since rainfall helps to keep pavement cool in wet climates |
| SS Credit 6: Light Pollution Reduction | Meet specific uplight and light trespass requirements, using either the backlight-uplight-glare (BUG) method (Option 1) or the calculation method (Option 2) |
| Water Efficiency - WE What percentage of the total water use do buildings account for? | 12-14% |
| Water Efficiency - WE: list the credits | 1) outdoor water use reduction 2) indoor water use reduction 3) Cooling Tower Water Use 4) water metering |
| WE Prerequisite 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction What are the 2 options? and What are some strategies? | Option 1 - No Irrigation Required Option 2 - Reduced irrigation - drip irrigation - grewater - native or adapted vegetation (drought tolerant) - non-potable water - rainwater catchment system - weather sensing systems |
| Evapotranspiration Rate | the amount of water lost from a vegetation surface expressed in millimeters per unit time |
| Microclimate Factor | The micro-climate immediately surrounding the site. Abbreviated as Kmc |
| Greywater | Untreated wastewater which has non come into contact with toilet waste. Includes water from the following fixtures: - bathtubs - showers - bathroom sinks - laundry machines *NOT kitchen sinks and dishwashers* |
| WE Prerequisite 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction | Building water use: Reduce aggregate water consumption by 20% from the baseline Appliance & Process Water use: Install appliances, equipment, and processes within the project scope that meet specific requirements as outlined in the LEED reference manual |
| How many times do people go to the bathroom in a day according to LEED default calculations? | 3 times in 1 working day example: men use a urinal twice and a toilet once |
| What standards set baselines for fixtures? | Energy Policy Act (EPA) of 1992, International Plumbing Code (IPC), and Uniform Plumbing Code |
| WE Prerequisite 3: Building-Level Water Metering | Install permanent water meters that measure the total potable water use for the building and associated grounds Commit to sharing with USGBC the resulting whole-project water usage data for a five-year period beginning on the date the project accepts LEED certification or typical |
| WE Credit 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction What are the two options? | Option 1 - No Irrigation Required Show that the landscape does not require a permanent irrigation system beyond a maximum two-year temporary establishment period Option 2 - Reduced irrigation Reduce the project's landscape water requirement (LWR) by at least 50% from the calculated baseline for the site's peak watering month. Reductions must be achieved through plant species selection and irrigation system efficiency. |
| WE Credit 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction | Further reduce fixture and fitting water use from the calculated baseline in WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction |
| WE Credit 3: Cooling Tower Water Use | For cooling towers and evaporative condensers, conduct a one-time potable water analysis Cooling towers can use excessive amounts of water and often use chemicals in the water to reduce corrosion. Strategies can be employed to reduce potable water and chemical treatment in cooling towers Note: installing submeters on cooling towers may help to reduce water by providing real-time feedback on usage |
| WE Credit 4: Water Metering | Install permanent water meters for two or more of the following water subsystems, as applicable to the project: - irrigation - indoor plumbing fixtures & fittings - domestic hot water - boilers - reclaimed water - other process water |
| What are the benefits of using a vegetated roof? | - Durability - protects roof membrane - acoustical benefits through sound insulation of growing medium & plants - energy efficiency. May also result in reduced size of HVAC equipment - heat island reduction - stormwater management - outdoor water reduction - through drip irrigation and efficient species types provides open space (contributing to habitat for birds and human well being) |
| Energy and Atmosphere - EA According to the USGBC, who are the 2 largest energy users in buildings? | 1. HVAC (heating ventilating & air conditioning) 2. Lighting |
| EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning & Verification | Intent: to verify that the project's energy-related systems are installed, calibrated, and perform according to the OPR, basis of design, and construction documents |
| Retro-Commissioning | a systematic process for identifying less-than-optimal performance in a facility's equipment, lighting and control systems and making the necessary adjustments; focusing on improving the efficiency of what is already in place |
| EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance | This prerequisite varies between the LEED rating systems. |
| EA Prerequisite 3: Building-Level Energy Metering | Install new or use existing building-level submeters that can be aggregated to provide building-level data representing total building energy consumption (electricity, natural gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil, propane, biomass, etc.) Commit to sharing with USGBC the resulting energy consumption data and electrical demand data (if metered) for a five-year period beginning on the date the project accepts LEED certification |
| EA Prerequisite 4: Fundamental Refrigerant Management | Do not use chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-based refrigerants in new heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems When reusing existing HVAC&R equipment, complete a comprehensive CFC phase-out conversion before project completion |
| What does the Montreal Protocol call for? | Complete phase out of CFCs by 2010 Complete phase out of HCFCs by 2030 |
| Halons | Substance used in fire suppression systems and fire extinguishers that deplete the ozone layer |
| Leakage Rate | The speed at which refrigerant is lost, measured between refrigerant charged or over 12 months, whichever is shorter. Leakage rate is expressed in terms of the percentage of the appliance's full charge that would be lost over a 12 month period if the rate is stabliized |
| What do these stand for? CFC HCFC HFC ODP GWP | ChloroFluoroCarbon HydroChloroFluoroCarbon HydroFluoroCarbon Ozone Depletion Potential Global Warming Potential |
| Energy and Atmosphere - EA: list the credits | 1) Enhanced Commissioning 2) Optimize Energy Performance 3) Advanced Energy Metering 4) Demand Response 5) Renewable Energy Production 6) Enhanced Refrigerant Management 7) Green Power & Carbon Offsets |
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