Flashcards
Chapter 13 - Alkenes
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1What is an Alkene?An unsaturated hydrocarbon - contains one or more C=C double bond
- 2What is the functional group?The C=C bond
- 3What are 3 properties of Alkenes?Non-polar
Immiscible with water
Relatively low melting and boiling points - 4How is MP/BP affected by Mr/chain length? Why?Increases with increasing Mr due to stronger London forces from an increased count of electrons
- 5What does the double bond in an alkene consist of?A sigma bond and a pi bond
- 6What is a pi bond?The sideways overlapping of p orbitals above and below the plane of the carbon atoms
- 7What is the shape and angle around the C=C atoms?Trigonal planar
120 - 8What feature allows alkenes to exhibit stereoisomerism?Pi bond prevents free rotation
- 9What are stereoisomers?Molecules that have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space
- 10What feature do dienes/trienes have?2 C=C bonds
3 C=C bonds - 11What conditions must be met for E/Z isomerism?C=C bond
Different groups attached to each carbon atom of the double bond - 12Is a cis isomer E or Z?Z
- 13Is a trans isomer E or Z?E
- 14How are atoms given priority in the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog nomenclature?Atomic Number
- 15What change in structure makes alkenes much more reactive than alkanes?Pi - bond
- 16Is a pi bond weaker or stronger than a sigma bond?Weaker
- 17What is an addition reaction?Where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with no other products
- 18What temperature and catalyst is needed for the hydrogenation of an alkene?423K
Nickel catalyst - 19What catalyst is needed in the hydration of an alkene?Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)
- 20What is an electrophile?An atom or group of atoms that is attracted to an electron-rich centre and accepts an electron pair
- 21What is the principle of Markownikoff's rule?That the hydrogen atom of the hydrogen halide will attach to the carbon with the greatest number of hydrogen atoms and smallest number of carbon atoms
- 22What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary carbocations?Primary = 1 alkyl group, 2 hydrogen groups
Secondary = 2 alkyl group, 1 hydrogen group
Teriary = 3 alkyl group, 0 hydrogen groups - 23Name a way of recycling polymersRecycling
PVC recycling
Use waste polymers as fuel
Feedstock recycling - 24What are photodegradable polymers?Polymers that contain bonds that are weakened by absorbing light to start degradation
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- A Level A Level Chemistry (Module 4 - Core Organic Chemistry) Flashcards on Chapter 13 - Alkenes, created by Tom Mitchell on 04/03/2016.
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- Tom Mitchell
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